{"id":48709955,"url":"https://github.com/SpectrixDev/DIY_WhisperPair","last_synced_at":"2026-04-27T10:00:44.701Z","repository":{"id":333205050,"uuid":"1136048004","full_name":"SpectrixDev/DIY_WhisperPair","owner":"SpectrixDev","description":"Hijacking Bluetooth Accessories Using Google Fast Pair: WhisperPair CVE-2025-36911 Reference Implementation \u0026 Vulnerability Verification 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DIY-WhisperPair\n\n\n\n**CVE-2025-36911 Reference Implementation \u0026 Vulnerability Verification Toolkit**\n\n[![Research](https://img.shields.io/badge/Type-Security%20Research-blue)](https://whisperpair.eu)\n[![CVE](https://img.shields.io/badge/CVE-2025--36911-red)](https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-36911)\n[![Status](https://img.shields.io/badge/Disclosure-Completed-green)](https://whisperpair.eu)\n\n\u003e **LEGAL NOTICE**: This is a security research tool. **Read [LEGAL.md](LEGAL.md) before use.** Unauthorized access to computer systems is a criminal offence.\n\n---\n\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\n  \u003cimg src=\"image.png\" width=\"400\" alt=\"WhisperPair Demonstration\"\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n## What is WhisperPair?\n\n**Hijacking Bluetooth Accessories Using Google Fast Pair.**\n\n**[WhisperPair](https://whisperpair.eu) (CVE-2025-36911)** is a critical vulnerability that allows attackers to forcefully pair with flagship audio accessories **without user consent**, often in under 10 seconds.\n\n**`DIY-WhisperPair`** is a research toolkit implementing these attacks to demonstrate three key risks:\n*   **Device Hijacking**: Seizing control of audio and microphone streams by bypassing pairing mode checks.\n*   **Location Tracking**: Maliciously registering devices to Google's Find Hub Network to stalk victims.\n*   **Cross-Ecosystem Impact**: Exploiting accessories regardless of the paired phone (iOS or Android).\n\n\u003e [!NOTE]\n\u003e **Research Only**: This toolkit contains **Proof-of-Concept** scanners and verifiers. It does **not** include tools for active eavesdropping, persistent location tracking, or malicious payload injection. Its purpose is solely to identify vulnerable devices.\n\n---\n\n## Quick Start\n\n```bash\n# Install\ngit clone https://github.com/SpectrixDev/DIY_WhisperPair.git\ncd DIY_WhisperPair\npip install -e .\n\n# Run interactive CLI\nwhisperpair\n```\n\nThis launches an interactive menu:\n\n```\n╦ ╦╦ ╦╦╔═╗╔═╗╔═╗╦═╗╔═╗╔═╗╦╦═╗\n║║║╠═╣║╚═╗╠═╝║╣ ╠╦╝╠═╝╠═╣║╠╦╝\n╚╩╝╩ ╩╩╚═╝╩  ╚═╝╩╚═╩  ╩ ╩╩╩╚═\n\n────────────── Main Menu ──────────────\n\n  1  Scan      Discover Fast Pair devices nearby\n  2  Verify    Test device vulnerability (requires authorization)\n  3  Info      Get detailed device information\n  4  About     Learn about CVE-2025-36911\n  0  Exit      Quit the application\n\nSelect option [1]:\n```\n\n---\n\n## For Researchers: Python API\n\nThis library is designed to be **easily extensible**. Import what you need:\n\n### Simple Functions\n\n```python\nimport asyncio\nfrom whisperpair import scan_devices, verify_device, get_device_info\n\n# Scan for Fast Pair devices\ndevices = asyncio.run(scan_devices(timeout=10))\nfor d in devices:\n    print(f\"{d.address} - {d.name} - Risk: {'HIGH' if not d.is_in_pairing_mode else 'Low'}\")\n\n# Find only vulnerable devices (not in pairing mode)\nvulnerable = asyncio.run(scan_devices(vulnerable_only=True))\n\n# Verify a specific device (REQUIRES AUTHORIZATION)\nresult = asyncio.run(verify_device(\"AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF\"))\nif result.success:\n    print(f\"VULNERABLE - Provider: {result.provider_address}\")\n\n# Get device info\ninfo = asyncio.run(get_device_info(\"AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF\"))\nprint(f\"Model: {info['model_name']}\")\n```\n\n### Building Custom Tools\n\n```python\nfrom whisperpair import (\n    # Scanner\n    FastPairScanner,\n    FastPairDevice,\n    \n    # Client  \n    FastPairClient,\n    VerificationResult,\n    \n    # Protocol\n    KeyBasedPairingRequest,\n    KeyBasedPairingResponse,\n    PairingRequestFlags,\n    parse_bluetooth_address,\n    parse_kbp_response_multi_strategy,\n    \n    # Crypto\n    FastPairCrypto,\n    aes_128_encrypt,\n    aes_128_decrypt,\n    generate_account_key,\n    \n    # Constants\n    FAST_PAIR_SERVICE_UUID,\n    KEY_BASED_PAIRING_CHAR_UUID,\n    KNOWN_MODEL_IDS,\n)\n\n# Custom scanner with callbacks\ndef on_found(device: FastPairDevice):\n    if not device.is_in_pairing_mode:\n        print(f\"[!] Potential target: {device.address}\")\n\nscanner = FastPairScanner(timeout=15, on_device_found=on_found)\nasyncio.run(scanner.scan())\n\n# Build raw protocol packets (flags 0x11 = INITIATE_BONDING | EXTENDED_RESPONSE)\ntarget_bytes = parse_bluetooth_address(\"AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF\")\nrequest = KeyBasedPairingRequest.for_verification(provider_address=target_bytes)\npacket = request.build()  # 16-byte plaintext\n\n# Multiple verification strategies available:\n# - strategy_raw_kbp()      - flags 0x11, works on most vulnerable devices\n# - strategy_with_seeker()  - flags 0x02, includes seeker address\n# - strategy_retroactive()  - flags 0x0A, bypasses some checks\n# - strategy_extended()     - flags 0x10, for newer devices\n\n# Full custom flow (AES key optional - response detection alone indicates vulnerability)\nasync with FastPairClient(\"AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF\") as client:\n    model_id = await client.read_model_id()\n    result = await client.verify_pairing_behavior()  # No key needed for detection\n    if result.response_received:\n        print(\"VULNERABLE - device responded when it shouldn't\")\n```\n\n### Example Scripts\n\nSee [`examples.py`](examples.py) for copy-paste ready examples:\n\n```bash\npython examples.py scan              # Basic scanning\npython examples.py vulnerable        # Find vulnerable devices\npython examples.py verify AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF\npython examples.py custom            # Scanner with callbacks\n```\n\n---\n\n## CLI Commands\n\n### Interactive Mode (Default)\n```bash\nwhisperpair\n```\n\n### Direct Commands\n```bash\n# Scan for devices\nwhisperpair scan\nwhisperpair scan --vulnerable\nwhisperpair scan --timeout 15\n\n# Get device info\nwhisperpair info AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF\n\n# Verify vulnerability (requires flags)\nwhisperpair verify AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF --authorized\n\n# Learn about the vulnerability\nwhisperpair about\n```\n\n---\n\n## Legal Requirements\n\n### You MUST Have Authorization\n\nThis tool performs active Bluetooth operations. **Before running any verification commands**, you must have:\n\n1. **Written permission** from the device owner, OR\n2. **Own the device** yourself\n\n### Jurisdiction-Specific Laws\n\n| Jurisdiction | Relevant Law |\n|--------------|--------------|\n| **UK** | Computer Misuse Act 1990, Section 1-3A |\n| **US** | Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) |\n| **EU** | Directive 2013/40/EU |\n| **Germany** | § 202a-c StGB |\n| **Australia** | Criminal Code Act 1995, Part 10.7 |\n\n**See [LEGAL.md](LEGAL.md) for detailed guidance.**\n\n---\n\n## The Vulnerability (CVE-2025-36911)\n\n### The Flaw\n\nGoogle Fast Pair requires devices to **only accept pairing requests when in pairing mode**. Many devices fail this check:\n\n```\nEXPECTED: Device checks \"Am I in pairing mode?\" → NO → Reject\nACTUAL:   Device accepts request regardless of mode state\n```\n\n### How Detection Works\n\nThe vulnerability is detected by checking if a device **responds at all** to a Key-Based Pairing request when not in pairing mode:\n\n```mermaid\ngraph TD\n    subgraph Packet[\"Key-Based Pairing Request (16 bytes)\"]\n      direction LR\n      B0[\"0x00\"]\n      B1[\"0x11\"]\n      MAC[\"MAC: 6 bytes\"]\n      Salt[\"Salt: 8 bytes\"]\n    end\n\n    B0:::byte -- \"Message Type\" --\u003e Desc0[\"Key-Based Pairing Request\"]\n    B1:::byte -- \"Flags\" --\u003e Desc1[\"INITIATE_BONDING | EXTENDED_RESP\"]\n\n    classDef byte fill:#e1f5fe,stroke:#333,stroke-width:1px;\n```\n\nDetection: Response received = VULNERABLE (no AES key needed!)\n\n### Impact\n\nAn attacker within Bluetooth range (~10-14m) can:\n- **Play audio** through victim's headphones\n- **Access microphone** for surveillance  \n- **Track location** via Google Find Hub\n\n### Affected Devices (Pre-Patch)\n\n| Manufacturer | Devices |\n|--------------|---------|\n| Google | Pixel Buds Pro 2 |\n| Sony | WF-1000XM4, WH-1000XM5, LinkBuds S |\n| JBL | Tune Buds, Live Pro 2 |\n| Anker | Soundcore Liberty 4 |\n| Others | See [whisperpair.eu](https://whisperpair.eu) |\n\n---\n\n## Project Structure\n\n```\nDIY_WhisperPair/\n├── src/whisperpair/\n│   ├── __init__.py      # Public API exports\n│   ├── scanner.py       # BLE device discovery\n│   ├── client.py        # GATT client \u0026 verification\n│   ├── protocol.py      # Packet builders\n│   ├── crypto.py        # AES-128, ECDH, keys\n│   ├── constants.py     # UUIDs, Model IDs\n│   └── cli.py           # Interactive CLI\n├── examples.py          # Copy-paste code snippets\n├── security_demo.py     # Standalone verification demo\n├── LEGAL.md\n└── README.md\n```\n\n---\n\n## Installation\n\n```bash\ngit clone https://github.com/SpectrixDev/DIY_WhisperPair.git\ncd DIY_WhisperPair\npython3 -m venv venv\nsource venv/bin/activate  # Linux/macOS\npip install -e .\n```\n\n### Requirements\n\n- Python 3.10+\n- Bluetooth adapter with BLE support\n- Linux: BlueZ 5.50+\n- Windows: Windows 10 1703+\n- macOS: macOS 10.13+\n\n---\n\n## References\n\n### Original Research\n- **Website**: [whisperpair.eu](https://whisperpair.eu)\n- **CVE**: [CVE-2025-36911](https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-36911)\n- **Paper**: \"WhisperPair: Hijacking Bluetooth Accessories Using Google Fast Pair\"\n- **Authors**: KU Leuven DistriNet (Duttagupta, Antonijević, Preneel, Wyns, Singelée)\n\n### Technical Docs\n- [Google Fast Pair Spec](https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/specifications/introduction)\n- [Key-based Pairing Protocol](https://developers.google.com/nearby/fast-pair/specifications/characteristics#key-based_pairing)\n\n### Video\n[![One Tap to Hijack Them All](https://img.youtube.com/vi/-j45ShJINtc/0.jpg)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-j45ShJINtc)\n\n---\n\n## Responsible Use\n\nThis tool is provided **solely** for:\n- Security research and vulnerability verification\n- Authorized penetration testing\n- Device manufacturer validation\n- Educational purposes\n\n**NOT for**: Unauthorized access, harassment, surveillance, or any illegal activity.\n\n---\n\n## License\n\nMIT License - See [LICENSE](LICENSE)\n\n---\n\n## Acknowledgments\n\n- **SpectrixDev** - Project Maintainer\n- **KU Leuven DistriNet** - Original research\n- **Google Android Security Team** - Coordinated disclosure\n- **Seytonic** - [Excellent explainer video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ux07J-wS2VA)\n","project_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2FSpectrixDev%2FDIY_WhisperPair","html_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/projects/github.com%2FSpectrixDev%2FDIY_WhisperPair","lists_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2FSpectrixDev%2FDIY_WhisperPair/lists"}