{"id":29892966,"url":"https://github.com/bixat/language-keywords-reference","last_synced_at":"2026-02-11T19:32:25.286Z","repository":{"id":305745037,"uuid":"1023786787","full_name":"bixat/language-keywords-reference","owner":"bixat","description":"Cross-language keyword reference comparing Python, Dart, TypeScript, and Rust. 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Keywords aligned by concept and function for easy language switching and learning.\n\n[![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-yellow.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)\n[![Contributors Welcome](https://img.shields.io/badge/contributors-welcome-brightgreen.svg)](CONTRIBUTING.md)\n[![Languages](https://img.shields.io/badge/languages-4-blue.svg)](#supported-languages)\n\n## 🚀 Overview\n\nThis repository provides a comprehensive, side-by-side comparison of keywords across four major programming languages. Unlike traditional keyword lists, this reference aligns keywords by their **conceptual meaning and function**, making it invaluable for:\n\n- 🔄 **Language Migration**: Switching between languages\n- 📚 **Learning**: Understanding language design patterns\n- 🔍 **Quick Reference**: Finding equivalent keywords instantly\n- 👥 **Team Collaboration**: Working with polyglot codebases\n\n## 🌐 Supported Languages\n\n| Language | Keywords Count | Focus Area |\n|----------|---------------|------------|\n| **Python** | 35 | Simplicity \u0026 Readability |\n| **Dart** | 52+ | Flutter \u0026 Web Development |\n| **TypeScript** | 50+ | Type-Safe JavaScript |\n| **Rust** | 40+ | Memory Safety \u0026 Performance |\n\n## 🔍 Quick Examples\n\n### Finding Equivalents\nLooking for class definition across languages?\n```\nPython: class     Dart: class     TypeScript: class     Rust: struct\n```\n\n### Boolean Values\n```\nPython: True/False     Dart: true/false     TypeScript: true/false     Rust: true/false\n```\n\n### Pattern Matching\n```\nPython: -     Dart: switch     TypeScript: switch     Rust: match\n```\n\n## 📊 Complete Keywords Table\n\n# Programming Language Keywords Reference Table\n\n## Keywords Aligned by Similarity and Function\n\n| Concept | Python | Dart | TypeScript | Rust |\n|---------|--------|------|------------|------|\n| **Type Casting** | as | as | as | as |\n| **Async Programming** | async | async | async | async |\n| **Async Await** | await | await | await | await |\n| **Loop Control - Break** | break | break | break | break |\n| **Loop Control - Continue** | continue | continue | continue | continue |\n| **Conditional - Else** | else | else | else | else |\n| **Loop - For** | for | for | for | for |\n| **Conditional - If** | if | if | if | if |\n| **Membership Test** | in | in | in | in |\n| **Function Return** | return | return | return | return |\n| **Loop - While** | while | while | while | while |\n| **Object Definition** | class | class | class | struct |\n| **Constants** | - | const | const | const |\n| **Enumerations** | - | enum | enum | enum |\n| **Boolean False** | False | false | false | false |\n| **Static Members** | - | static | static | static |\n| **Inheritance** | - | super | super | super |\n| **Boolean True** | True | true | true | true |\n| **Exception Handling** | try | try | try | - |\n| **Context/Resource** | with | with | with | - |\n| **Generators** | yield | yield | yield | - |\n| **Import/Use** | import | import | import | use |\n| **Type Definition** | - | - | type | type |\n| **Variable Declaration** | - | var | var | let |\n| **Function Definition** | def | - | function | fn |\n| **Abstract Classes** | - | abstract | abstract | - |\n| **Assertion** | assert | assert | - | - |\n| **Switch Case** | - | case | case | - |\n| **Exception Catch** | - | catch | catch | - |\n| **Switch Default** | - | default | default | - |\n| **Do Loop** | - | do | do | - |\n| **Module Export** | - | export | export | - |\n| **Class Extension** | - | extends | extends | - |\n| **Property Getter** | - | get | get | - |\n| **Interface Implementation** | - | implements | implements | trait |\n| **Type Check** | is | is | - | - |\n| **Object Creation** | - | new | new | - |\n| **Null Value** | None | null | null | - |\n| **Property Setter** | - | set | set | - |\n| **Switch Statement** | - | switch | switch | match |\n| **This Reference** | self | this | this | self |\n| **Exception Throw** | - | throw | throw | - |\n| **Void Type** | - | void | void | - |\n| **Logical AND** | and | - | - | - |\n| **Boolean/Logical NOT** | not | - | - | - |\n| **Logical OR** | or | - | - | - |\n| **Function Expression** | lambda | - | - | - |\n| **Exception Handling** | except | - | - | - |\n| **Exception Finally** | finally | finally | finally | - |\n| **Variable Deletion** | del | - | delete | - |\n| **Conditional Elif** | elif | - | - | - |\n| **Exception Raise** | raise | - | - | - |\n| **No Operation** | pass | - | - | - |\n| **Global Scope** | global | - | - | - |\n| **Nonlocal Scope** | nonlocal | - | - | - |\n| **Module Import From** | from | - | from | - |\n| **Execution** | exec | - | - | - |\n| **Any Type** | - | - | any | - |\n| **Boolean Type** | - | - | boolean | - |\n| **Constructor** | - | - | constructor | - |\n| **Declaration** | - | - | declare | - |\n| **Instance Check** | - | - | instanceof | - |\n| **Interface** | - | interface | interface | - |\n| **Key Of Type** | - | - | keyof | - |\n| **Module System** | - | - | module | mod |\n| **Namespace** | - | - | namespace | - |\n| **Never Type** | - | - | never | - |\n| **Number Type** | - | - | number | - |\n| **Object Type** | - | - | object | - |\n| **Of Operator** | - | - | of | - |\n| **Package** | - | - | package | - |\n| **Access Private** | - | - | private | priv |\n| **Access Protected** | - | - | protected | - |\n| **Access Public** | - | - | public | pub |\n| **Readonly** | - | - | readonly | - |\n| **Require** | - | - | require | - |\n| **String Type** | - | - | string | - |\n| **Symbol Type** | - | - | symbol | - |\n| **Type Of** | - | - | typeof | - |\n| **Undefined** | - | - | undefined | - |\n| **Unique** | - | - | unique | - |\n| **Unknown Type** | - | - | unknown | - |\n| **Deferred Loading** | - | deferred | - | - |\n| **Dynamic Type** | - | dynamic | - | dyn |\n| **External** | - | external | - | extern |\n| **Factory Constructor** | - | factory | - | - |\n| **Final** | - | final | - | - |\n| **Hide Library** | - | hide | - | - |\n| **Late Initialization** | - | late | - | - |\n| **Library** | - | library | - | crate |\n| **Mixin** | - | mixin | - | - |\n| **On Clause** | - | on | - | - |\n| **Operator** | - | operator | - | - |\n| **Part** | - | part | - | - |\n| **Required** | - | required | - | - |\n| **Rethrow** | - | rethrow | - | - |\n| **Show Library** | - | show | - | - |\n| **Sync** | - | sync | - | - |\n| **Type Definition** | - | typedef | - | - |\n| **Implementation** | - | - | - | impl |\n| **Loop** | - | - | - | loop |\n| **Move Ownership** | - | - | - | move |\n| **Mutable** | - | - | - | mut |\n| **Reference** | - | - | - | ref |\n| **Self Type** | - | - | - | Self |\n| **Unsafe** | - | - | - | unsafe |\n| **Where Clause** | - | - | - | where |\n\n## 💡 Key Insights\n\n### Universal Keywords (All 4 Languages)\nCore programming concepts shared across all languages:\n- **Control Flow**: `if`, `else`, `for`, `while`, `break`, `continue`, `return`\n- **Modern Features**: `async`, `await`, `as`\n\n### Language Families\n- **Object-Oriented Trio**: Dart and TypeScript share many OOP keywords\n- **Systems Programming**: Rust has unique memory safety keywords (`mut`, `unsafe`, `move`)\n- **Python's Philosophy**: Fewer, more readable keywords (`elif` vs `else if`)\n\n### Missing Concepts\n- **Rust**: No traditional exception handling (`try`/`catch`)\n- **Python**: No built-in constants declaration or static typing keywords\n- **TypeScript**: Inherits JavaScript's limitations, adds type system\n\n## 🛠 Usage Examples\n\n### For Language Learners\n```markdown\nComing from Python and learning Rust?\n- Python `def` → Rust `fn`\n- Python `True` → Rust `true` \n- Python `class` → Rust `struct`\n```\n\n### For Code Translation\n```markdown\nConverting TypeScript to Dart?\n- Both use: `class`, `async`, `await`, `try`, `catch`\n- TypeScript `interface` → Dart `abstract class` or `mixin`\n- TypeScript `type` → Dart `typedef`\n```\n\n### For Team Standards\nUse this reference to establish consistent patterns across your polyglot codebase.\n\n## 📈 Statistics\n\n| Metric | Count |\n|--------|-------|\n| **Total Unique Keywords** | 100+ |\n| **Shared Across All 4** | 11 |\n| **Shared Across 3** | 15 |\n| **Shared Across 2** | 20+ |\n| **Language-Specific** | 50+ |\n\n## 🎯 Use Cases\n\n### ✅ Perfect For\n- **Polyglot Developers** switching between languages\n- **Code Migration** projects\n- **Learning** new programming languages\n- **Technical Documentation** and training\n- **Interview Preparation** for multiple languages\n\n### 📚 Educational Value\n- Understand **language design philosophy**\n- Compare **feature completeness** across languages\n- Learn **modern programming concepts** (async/await, pattern matching)\n- Identify **missing features** in your target language\n\n## 🤝 Contributing\n\nWe welcome contributions! Here's how you can help:\n\n### Add New Languages\n- Java, C#, Go, Swift, Kotlin, etc.\n- Follow the existing format and alignment principles\n\n### Improve Accuracy\n- Spot missing keywords or incorrect mappings\n- Add context-specific notes\n- Improve conceptual groupings\n\n### Enhance Documentation\n- Add usage examples\n- Improve descriptions\n- Create visual aids\n\n**Getting Started:**\n1. Fork the repository\n2. Create a feature branch\n3. Make your changes\n4. Submit a pull request\n\n\n## 📝 License\n\nThis project is licensed under the MIT License - see the [LICENSE](LICENSE) file for details.\n\n## 🌟 Acknowledgments\n\n- Language specification teams for comprehensive documentation\n- Developer communities for keyword usage patterns\n- Contributors who help maintain accuracy and completeness\n\n---\n\n**Found this helpful?** ⭐ Star the repository and share with fellow developers!\n\n**Have questions?** 💬 Open an issue or start a discussion.\n","funding_links":[],"categories":[],"sub_categories":[],"project_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Fbixat%2Flanguage-keywords-reference","html_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/projects/github.com%2Fbixat%2Flanguage-keywords-reference","lists_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Fbixat%2Flanguage-keywords-reference/lists"}