{"id":45368965,"url":"https://github.com/cjabradshaw/sharkbite","last_synced_at":"2026-02-21T15:19:58.488Z","repository":{"id":135569514,"uuid":"254808801","full_name":"cjabradshaw/sharkbite","owner":"cjabradshaw","description":"R code to reproduce analyses predicting potential reduction in shark bites in Australia when wearing electronic 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unexpected eof while reading","robots_txt_status":"success","robots_txt_updated_at":"2025-07-24T06:49:26.215Z","robots_txt_url":"https://github.com/robots.txt","online":false,"can_crawl_api":true,"host_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub","repositories_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repositories","repository_names_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repository_names","owners_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/owners"}},"keywords":["australia","bull-shark","conservation","great-white-shark","human-wildlife-conflict","marine","shark-attack","shark-bite","shark-human","shark-human-interactions","tiger-shark","white-pointer-shark","white-shark"],"created_at":"2026-02-21T15:19:57.927Z","updated_at":"2026-02-21T15:19:58.480Z","avatar_url":"https://github.com/cjabradshaw.png","language":"R","funding_links":[],"categories":[],"sub_categories":[],"readme":"## Shark bites analysis\n\u003cimg align=\"right\" src=\"www/sharkbite.png\" alt=\"shark bite\" width=\"200\" style=\"margin-top: 20px\"\u003e\n\n\u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4461747\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.4461748.svg\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\nAccompanies the article: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flinders.edu.au/people/corey.bradshaw\"\u003eBRADSHAW, CJA\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://taronga.org.au/zoo-friends-at-home/team-taronga-wildlife-conservation-officer\"\u003eP MEAGHER\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://globalecologyflinders.com/people/#MT\"\u003eMJ THIELE\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://directory.science.mq.edu.au/users/rharcour\"\u003eRG HARCOURT\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://www.flinders.edu.au/people/charlie.huveneers\"\u003eC HUVENEERS\u003c/a\u003e. 2021. \n\u003ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201197\"\u003ePredicting potential future reduction in shark bites on people\u003c/a\u003e. \u003cem\u003eRoyal Society Open Science\u003c/em\u003e 8: 201197. doi:10.1098/rsos.201197\n\n## Abstract\nDespite the low chance of a person being bitten by a shark, there are serious associated costs. Electronic deterrents are currently the only types of personal deterrent with empirical evidence of a substantial reduction in the probability of being bitten by a shark. We aimed to predict the number of people who could potentially avoid being bitten by sharks in Australia if they wear personal electronic deterrents. We used the Australian Shark Attack File from 1900 to 2020 to\ndevelop sinusoidal time-series models of per capita incidents, and then stochastically projected these to 2066. We predicted that up to 1063 people (range: 185–2118) could potentially avoid being bitten across Australia by 2066 if all people used the devices. Avoiding death and injury of people over the next half-century is of course highly desirable, especially when considering the additional costs associated with the loss of recreational, commercial and tourism revenue potentially in the tens to hundreds of millions of dollars following clusters of shark-bite events.\n\nJanuary 2021\n\nCorey J. A. Bradshaw (\u003ca href=\"mailto:corey.bradshaw@flinders.edu.au\"\u003ee-mail\u003c/a\u003e),\n\u003ca href=\"http://GlobalEcologyFlinders.com\"\u003eGlobal Ecology\u003c/a\u003e, Flinders University\n\nThe \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/cjabradshaw/sharkbite/blob/master/sharkbiteGithub.R\"\u003eR code\u003c/a\u003e attached reproduces an analysis to predict the number of people who could avoid being bitten by a shark in Australia from 2020-2066 if wearing electronic deterrents.\n\nThe analysis requires four different data files:\n\n1. Australian Shark Attack File ('sharkbite.exp.csv') — for proprietry reasons, this dataset is only available upon request to \u003ca href=\"https://taronga.org.au/\"\u003eTaronga Conservation Society Australia\u003c/a\u003e (attn: \u003ca href=\"mailto:pmeagher@zoo.nsw.gov.au\"\u003ePhoebe Meagher\u003c/a\u003e), Taronga Zoo, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (but see this repository: \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/cjabradshaw/AustralianSharkIncidentDatabase\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAustralian Shark-Incident Database\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e)\n\n2. Monthly southern oscillation index (soi) values from the Australian \u003ca href=\"http://www.bom.gov.au\"\u003eBureau of Meteorology\u003c/a\u003e (BoM) ('\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/cjabradshaw/sharkbite/blob/master/soi.csv\"\u003esoi.csv\u003c/a\u003e')\n\n3. Monthly Pacific Decadal Oscillation (pdo) values from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/teleconnections/pdo/ \"\u003eNational Centres for Environmental Information\u003c/a\u003e ('\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/cjabradshaw/sharkbite/blob/master/pdo.csv\"\u003epdo.csv\u003c/a\u003e')\n\n4. Australian population size estimates (past) and projections to 2066 ('\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/cjabradshaw/sharkbite/blob/master/auspop.csv\"\u003eauspop.csv\u003c/a\u003e') from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.abs.gov.au\"\u003eAustralian Bureau of Statistics\u003c/a\u003e\n\nAlso accompanying the code are two source files with additional functions necessary to reproduce the analyses (\u003ca href=\"https://github.com/cjabradshaw/sharkbite/blob/master/r.squared.R\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003er.squared.R\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e \u0026 \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/cjabradshaw/sharkbite/blob/master/new_lmer_AIC_tables3.r\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003enew_lmer_AIC_tables3.R\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/a\u003e)\n\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.flinders.edu.au\"\u003e\u003cimg align=\"bottom-left\" src=\"www/Flinders_University_Logo_Horizontal_RGB_Master.png\" alt=\"Flinders University logo\" width=\"200\" style=\"margin-top: 20px\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https://globalecologyflinders.com\"\u003e\u003cimg align=\"bottom-left\" src=\"www/GEL Logo Kaurna New Transp.png\" alt=\"GEL logo\" width=\"200\" style=\"margin-top: 20px\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/SouthernSharkEG\"\u003e\u003cimg align=\"bottom-left\" src=\"www/SSEG.png\" alt=\"SSEG logo\" width=\"150\" style=\"margin-top: 20px\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n","project_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Fcjabradshaw%2Fsharkbite","html_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/projects/github.com%2Fcjabradshaw%2Fsharkbite","lists_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Fcjabradshaw%2Fsharkbite/lists"}