{"id":13535847,"url":"https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs","last_synced_at":"2025-12-12T06:29:22.804Z","repository":{"id":37075796,"uuid":"286791346","full_name":"ethereum/execution-specs","owner":"ethereum","description":"Specification for the Execution Layer. 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The [JSON-RPC API specification](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-apis) can be found in a separate repository.\n\n### Ethereum Protocol Releases\n\n| Version and Code Name | Block No. | Released | Incl EIPs | Specs | Blog |\n|-----------------------|-----------|----------|-----------|-------|-------|\n| Cancun | 19426587 | 2024-03-13\u003cbr /\u003e(1710338135) | [EIP-1153](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1153) \u003c/br\u003e [EIP-4788](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4788)\u003c/br\u003e [EIP-4844](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4844)\u003c/br\u003e [EIP-5656](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5656)\u003c/br\u003e [EIP-6780](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6780)\u003c/br\u003e [EIP-7516](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7516)| [Specification](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/cancun.md) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2024/02/27/dencun-mainnet-announcement) |\n| Shanghai | 17034870 | 2023-04-12\u003cbr/\u003e(1681338455) | [EIP-3651](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3651) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-3855](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3855) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-3860](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3860) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-4895](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4895) | [Specification](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/shanghai.md) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2023/03/28/shapella-mainnet-announcement) |\n| Paris | 15537394 | 2022-09-15 | [EIP-3675](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3675) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-4399](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4399) | [Specification](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/paris.md) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2022/08/24/mainnet-merge-announcement) |\n| Gray Glacier | 15050000 | 2022-06-30 | [EIP-5133](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5133) | [Specification](./network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/gray-glacier.md) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2022/06/16/gray-glacier-announcement/) |\n| Arrow Glacier | 13773000 | 2021-12-09 | [EIP-4345](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4345) | [Specification](./network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/arrow-glacier.md) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2021/11/10/arrow-glacier-announcement/) |\n| London | 12965000 |  2021-08-05 | [EIP-1559](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1559) \u003cbr\u003e [EIP-3198](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3198) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-3529](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3529) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-3541](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3541) \u003cbr\u003e [EIP-3554](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3554)| [Specification](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/london.md) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2021/07/15/london-mainnet-announcement/) |\n| Berlin | 12244000 | 2021-04-15 | [EIP-2565](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2565) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-2929](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2929) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-2718](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2718) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-2930](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2930) | ~[HFM-2070](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2070)~ \u003cbr/\u003e [Specification](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/berlin.md) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2021/03/08/ethereum-berlin-upgrade-announcement/) |\n| Muir Glacier | 9200000 | 2020-01-02 | [EIP-2384](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2384) | [HFM-2387](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2387) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2019/12/23/ethereum-muir-glacier-upgrade-announcement/) |\n| Istanbul | 9069000 | 2019-12-07 | [EIP-152](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-152) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-1108](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1108) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-1344](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1344) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-1884](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-2028](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2028) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-2200](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200) | [HFM-1679](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1679) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2019/11/20/ethereum-istanbul-upgrade-announcement/)\n| Petersburg | 7280000 | 2019-02-28 | [EIP-145](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-145) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-1014](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1014) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-1052](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1052) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-1234](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1234) | [HFM-1716](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1716) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2019/02/22/ethereum-constantinople-st-petersburg-upgrade-announcement/) |\n| Constantinople | 7280000 | 2019-02-28 | [EIP-145](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-145) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-1014](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1014) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-1052](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1052) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-1234](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1234) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-1283](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1283) | [HFM-1013](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1013) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2019/02/22/ethereum-constantinople-st-petersburg-upgrade-announcement/) |\n| Byzantium | 4370000 | 2017-10-16 | [EIP-100](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-100) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-140](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-140) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-196](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-196) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-197](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-197) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-198](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-198) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-211](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-211) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-214](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-214) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-649](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-649) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-658](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-658) | [HFM-609](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-609) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2017/10/12/byzantium-hf-announcement/) |\n| Spurious Dragon | 2675000 | 2016-11-22 | [EIP-155](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-155) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-160](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-160) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-161](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-161) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-170](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-170) | [HFM-607](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-607) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2016/11/18/hard-fork-no-4-spurious-dragon/) |\n| Tangerine Whistle | 2463000 | 2016-10-18 | [EIP-150](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-150) | [HFM-608](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-608) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2016/10/13/announcement-imminent-hard-fork-eip150-gas-cost-changes/) |\n| DAO Fork | 1920000 | 2016-07-20 |  | [HFM-779](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-779) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2016/07/15/to-fork-or-not-to-fork/) |\n| DAO Wars | aborted | aborted |  |  | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2016/06/24/dao-wars-youre-voice-soft-fork-dilemma/) |\n| Homestead | 1150000 | 2016-03-14 | [EIP-2](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-7](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7) \u003cbr/\u003e [EIP-8](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-8) | [HFM-606](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-606) | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2016/02/29/homestead-release/) |\n| Frontier Thawing | 200000 | 2015-09-07 | | | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2015/08/04/the-thawing-frontier/) |\n| Frontier | 1 | 2015-07-30 | | | [Blog](https://blog.ethereum.org/2015/07/22/frontier-is-coming-what-to-expect-and-how-to-prepare/) |\n\n*Note:* Starting with Paris, updates are no longer rolled out based on block numbers. Paris was enabled once proof-of-work Total Difficulty reached 58750000000000000000000. As of Shanghai (at 1681338455), upgrade activation is based on timestamps.\n\nSome clarifications were enabled without protocol releases:\n\n| EIP | Block No. |\n|-----|-----------|\n| [EIP-2681](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2681) | 0 |\n| [EIP-3607](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3607) | 0 |\n| [EIP-7523](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7523) | 15537394 |\n| [EIP-7610](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/8161) | 0 |\n\n\n## Execution Specification (work-in-progress)\n\nThe execution specification is a python implementation of Ethereum that prioritizes readability and simplicity. It will accompanied by both narrative and API level documentation of the various components written in markdown and rendered using docc...\n\n * [Rendered specification](https://ethereum.github.io/execution-specs/)\n\n## Usage\n\nThe Ethereum specification is maintained as a Python library, for better integration with tooling and testing.\n\nRequires Python 3.10+\n\n### Building\n\nBuilding the documentation is most easily done through [`tox`](https://tox.readthedocs.io/en/latest/):\n\n```bash\n$ tox -e doc\n```\n\nThe path to the generated HTML will be printed to the console.\n\n# License\n\nThe Ethereum Execution Layer Specification code is licensed under the [Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal](https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/LICENSE.md).\n","funding_links":[],"categories":["Python","Smart Contract Platforms","Useful Ethereum References"],"sub_categories":["EVM and Execution Layer"],"project_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Fethereum%2Fexecution-specs","html_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/projects/github.com%2Fethereum%2Fexecution-specs","lists_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Fethereum%2Fexecution-specs/lists"}