{"id":25526286,"url":"https://github.com/eugeniogiusti/Layer-1","last_synced_at":"2026-01-05T21:30:15.262Z","repository":{"id":273928363,"uuid":"920811662","full_name":"eugeniogiusti/Layer_1","owner":"eugeniogiusti","description":"Talking about Hardware","archived":false,"fork":false,"pushed_at":"2025-01-23T19:58:14.000Z","size":14,"stargazers_count":0,"open_issues_count":0,"forks_count":0,"subscribers_count":1,"default_branch":"main","last_synced_at":"2025-01-23T20:23:49.226Z","etag":null,"topics":["ethernet","hardware","layer1"],"latest_commit_sha":null,"homepage":"","language":null,"has_issues":true,"has_wiki":null,"has_pages":null,"mirror_url":null,"source_name":null,"license":null,"status":null,"scm":"git","pull_requests_enabled":true,"icon_url":"https://github.com/eugeniogiusti.png","metadata":{"files":{"readme":"README.md","changelog":null,"contributing":null,"funding":null,"license":null,"code_of_conduct":null,"threat_model":null,"audit":null,"citation":null,"codeowners":null,"security":null,"support":null,"governance":null,"roadmap":null,"authors":null,"dei":null,"publiccode":null,"codemeta":null}},"created_at":"2025-01-22T20:13:24.000Z","updated_at":"2025-01-23T19:58:17.000Z","dependencies_parsed_at":"2025-01-23T20:23:57.316Z","dependency_job_id":"bcc0a7cf-2167-4428-842f-e0c7b0e297f6","html_url":"https://github.com/eugeniogiusti/Layer_1","commit_stats":null,"previous_names":["eugeniogiusti/layer_1"],"tags_count":0,"template":false,"template_full_name":null,"repository_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repositories/eugeniogiusti%2FLayer_1","tags_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repositories/eugeniogiusti%2FLayer_1/tags","releases_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repositories/eugeniogiusti%2FLayer_1/releases","manifests_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repositories/eugeniogiusti%2FLayer_1/manifests","owner_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/owners/eugeniogiusti","download_url":"https://codeload.github.com/eugeniogiusti/Layer_1/tar.gz/refs/heads/main","host":{"name":"GitHub","url":"https://github.com","kind":"github","repositories_count":239735249,"owners_count":19688262,"icon_url":"https://github.com/github.png","version":null,"created_at":"2022-05-30T11:31:42.601Z","updated_at":"2022-07-04T15:15:14.044Z","host_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub","repositories_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repositories","repository_names_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repository_names","owners_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/owners"}},"keywords":["ethernet","hardware","layer1"],"created_at":"2025-02-19T21:17:14.186Z","updated_at":"2026-01-05T21:30:15.197Z","avatar_url":"https://github.com/eugeniogiusti.png","language":null,"funding_links":[],"categories":[],"sub_categories":[],"readme":"# Ethernet Cable Crimping Guide\n\nThis guide provides step-by-step instructions for crimping Ethernet cables, including both straight-through and crossover cables. Proper crimping ensures reliable network connections.\n\n---\n\n## Materials Required\n\n- Ethernet cable (Cat5e, Cat6, etc.)\n- RJ45 connectors (8P8C plugs)\n- Crimping tool\n- Cable stripper or knife\n- Wire cutter\n- Ethernet cable tester (optional, but recommended)\n\n---\n\n## Types of Ethernet Cables\n\n### 1. **Straight-through Cable**\n\nUsed to connect:\n\n- Computers to switches/routers.\n- Printers to network devices.\n\n![RJ45-Pinout](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/af6825a0-35cb-4090-a6ba-16604bc6b40f)\n\n### 2. **Crossover Cable**\n\nUsed to connect:\n\n- Two computers directly.\n- Two switches or hubs without an uplink port.\n\n![EthernetCross-300x217](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1ee3e643-1372-4e8a-a88e-a76f4532ebaf)\n\n\n---\n\n## Wiring Standards\n\nThere are two main standards for Ethernet cable wiring:\n\n### **TIA/EIA-568A**\n\n```\nPin 1: White/Green\nPin 2: Green\nPin 3: White/Orange\nPin 4: Blue\nPin 5: White/Blue\nPin 6: Orange\nPin 7: White/Brown\nPin 8: Brown\n```\n\n### **TIA/EIA-568B**\n\n```\nPin 1: White/Orange\nPin 2: Orange\nPin 3: White/Green\nPin 4: Blue\nPin 5: White/Blue\nPin 6: Green\nPin 7: White/Brown\nPin 8: Brown\n```\n\n### **Choosing the Standard**\n\n- Use the same standard (568A or 568B) on both ends for a straight-through cable.\n- Use 568A on one end and 568B on the other for a crossover cable.\n\n---\n\n## Steps for Crimping Ethernet Cables\n\n### 1. **Prepare the Cable**\n\n- Cut the cable to the desired length using wire cutters.\n- Strip approximately 1.5 inches (3-4 cm) of the outer jacket using a cable stripper.\n- Untwist the wire pairs and straighten them.\n\n### 2. **Arrange the Wires**\n\n- Arrange the wires according to the desired wiring standard (568A or 568B).\n- Flatten and align the wires in the correct order.\n\n### 3. **Trim the Wires**\n\n- Trim the wires evenly to about 0.5 inch (1.2 cm) from the jacket.\n- Ensure no wire extends beyond the others.\n\n### 4. **Insert the Wires into the RJ45 Connector**\n\n- Hold the RJ45 connector with the clip facing down.\n- Insert the wires into the connector, ensuring each wire is fully seated in its slot.\n- The outer jacket should fit snugly inside the connector to ensure a secure crimp.\n\n### 5. **Crimp the Connector**\n\n- Place the connector into the crimping tool.\n- Squeeze the tool firmly to crimp the connector onto the wires.\n- Remove the connector and inspect for proper crimping.\n\n### 6. **Repeat for the Other End**\n\n- Repeat the process for the other end of the cable, using the appropriate wiring standard.\n\n### 7. **Test the Cable**\n\n- Use an Ethernet cable tester to verify continuity and proper wiring.\n- Ensure all pins are correctly connected and there are no shorts or miswires.\n\n---\n\n## Troubleshooting Tips\n\n- **Wires not fully seated**: Trim and reinsert the wires, ensuring they are flush with the connector's front.\n- **Poor connection**: Check the crimping tool's pressure and ensure the outer jacket is securely crimped.\n- **Cable tester fails**: Verify the wiring order and re-crimp if necessary.\n\n---\n\n## Additional Notes\n\n- Use high-quality cables and connectors for optimal performance.\n- Avoid over-tightening or damaging the cable jacket during crimping.\n- Label cables for easier identification in complex networks.\n\n![images](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/58d3dbad-f97d-4ecd-b977-b0536260da4d)\n\n- Useful videos: \n- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NWhoJp8UQpo\n- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=noRk8jYAbSg\n\n\n# Cisco 2950 Switch Factory Reset and Console Connection Guide\n\n## Physical Factory Reset\n1. Power off the switch\n2. Locate the Mode button on front panel (left side of LEDs)\n3. Waiting boot system\n4. Keep holding Mode button for 15-20 seconds until LED blinks amber\n5. Release Mode button\n6. Switch will reset to factory defaults\n\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/fed3670a-d522-455f-99b5-c88cb9b5e897)\n\n- Useful links:\n- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L1ep9CDfAaE (factory reset)\n- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vjaScc6-MbQ (factory reset_2)\n\n## Console Reset Method\n```\nswitch# write erase\nswitch# delete flash:vlan.dat\nswitch# reload\n```\n\n## Verify Reset\nCheck these commands to confirm factory reset:\n```\nshow running-config\nshow vlan\nshow version\n```\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/e941da62-f990-4ddf-a958-a178f82d4f12)\n\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/d56716ca-8a3a-4634-9e86-c6a92f1a81d3)\n\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f4a2c8e8-9ead-43f3-b7f9-7a5813ce42eb)\n\n\n- Running-config should show only default settings\n- VLAN database should only have VLAN 1\n- Interfaces should show \"!\" indicating no configuration\n\n## Console Cable Connection\n1. Hardware Required:\n   - RJ45 to DB9 console cable (light blue Cisco cable)\n   - If laptop lacks DB9 port: USB to Serial adapter\n\n2. Software Setup:\n   - Install terminal emulator (PuTTY, screen, minicom)\n   - For Linux using screen:\n     ```bash\n     sudo apt install screen\n     sudo screen /dev/ttyUSB0 9600\n     ```\n     ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4a447941-b8d7-472a-866d-a05d50d8d3e1)\n\n     ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/713e66d4-35a5-487b-8201-3622b8cf1612)\n\n     ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/bb89a4bb-305f-4d2e-93bd-402c295fdb1e)\n\n\n   \n3. Connection Settings:\n   - Speed: 9600 baud\n   - Data bits: 8\n   - Stop bits: 1\n   - Parity: None\n   - Flow control: None\n\n4. ## Basic Configuration | Password configuration console line\n   ```\n   enable\n   configure terminal\n   line console 0\n   password \u003cpassword\u003e\n   login\n   end\n   write memory\n   ```\n\n### Set Enable Password (Privileged EXEC mode)\n```\nenable\nconfigure terminal\nenable secret \u003cpassword\u003e\nend\nwrite memory\n```\n\n### Configure hostname\n```\nenable\nconfigure terminal\nhostname \u003cname\u003e\nend\nwrite memory\nor to save the configuration\ncopy running-config startup-config\n```\n\n### SSH Configuration\n```cisco\nSwitch(config)# hostname switch_name\nSwitch(config)# ip domain-name local.net\nSwitch(config)# crypto key generate rsa\nSwitch(config)# username admin password your_password\nSwitch(config)# line vty 0 15\nSwitch(config-line)# transport input ssh\nSwitch(config-line)# login local\n```\n\n### Linux Screen Commands\n```\nExit screen: Ctrl+A, then type \":quit\"\nDetach screen: Ctrl+A, then D\nList screens: screen -ls\nReattach: screen -r\n```\n","project_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Feugeniogiusti%2FLayer-1","html_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/projects/github.com%2Feugeniogiusti%2FLayer-1","lists_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Feugeniogiusti%2FLayer-1/lists"}