{"id":15097627,"url":"https://github.com/lezaf/cardiotocography-signals-analysis","last_synced_at":"2026-02-04T00:34:29.494Z","repository":{"id":246076051,"uuid":"820019408","full_name":"lezaf/cardiotocography-signals-analysis","owner":"lezaf","description":"Biomedical analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) of fetus relationship with various umbilical artery blood measurements. 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Here is a brief summary of the [data](#data), the [preprocessing](#preprocessing) we applied on signals, the [analysis](#process) methods and some of the [results](#Snapshots).\r\n\r\n## Data\r\nWe used intrapartum cardiotocography (CTG) signals [database](https://www.physionet.org/content/ctu-uhb-ctgdb/1.0.0/) from PhysioNet. Each CTG contains a FHR time series and a Uterine Contraction (UC) signal. The database also includes maternal, delivery, and fetal clinical details.\r\n\r\n## Preprocessing\r\nTo handle noise in CTG signals we performed following steps:\r\n\r\n- Step 1: Leading/trailing zeroes elimination\r\n- Step 2: Intermediate zero parts\r\n  - We set a time threshold of *7 seconds* for acceptance of intermediate zero parts. Above this threshold the intermediate parts were eliminated since their interpolation would give an unrealistic behavior of the signal.\r\n- Step 3: Remaining zero values interpolation\r\n- Step 4: Extremely low/high HR values interpolation\r\n\r\nThe preprocessing effect on CTG signals is depicted below:\r\n\r\n\u003cimg src=\"/imgs/steps_of_preprocessing_on_1026.png\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" alt=\"CTG signals preprocessing effects\"\u003e\r\n\r\n## Process\r\nWe used Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) time series to calculate Heart Rate Variability (HRV) of fetus. Performing correlation analysis between HRV and the available features, we concluded to a subset of features with underlying relationship:\r\n\r\n- pH\r\n- BDecf\r\n- BE\r\n\r\nFor the case of HRV/pH relationship we further experiment with ML algorithms, including *k-means* and *DBSCAN* to decide normal/abnormal pH range.\r\n\r\n## Snapshots\r\nFor the case of HRV/pH in *vaginal* delivery, we concluded in *normal* pH values: $7.17 \\leq pH \\leq 7.32$.\r\n\r\n\u003cimg src=\"/imgs/rich_scatter_vaginal.png\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" alt=\"HRV/pH analysis\"\u003e\r\n\r\n## Citations\r\n- [Václav Chudáček, Jiří Spilka, Miroslav Burša, Petr Janků, Lukáš Hruban, Michal Huptych, Lenka Lhotská. Open access intrapartum CTG database. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2014 14:16](https://bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2393-14-16.pdf)\r\n- Goldberger, A., Amaral, L., Glass, L., Hausdorff, J., Ivanov, P. C., Mark, R., ... \u0026 Stanley, H. E. (2000). PhysioBank, PhysioToolkit, and PhysioNet: Components of a new research resource for complex physiologic signals. Circulation [Online]. 101 (23), pp. e215–e220\r\n","project_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Flezaf%2Fcardiotocography-signals-analysis","html_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/projects/github.com%2Flezaf%2Fcardiotocography-signals-analysis","lists_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Flezaf%2Fcardiotocography-signals-analysis/lists"}