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Show current working directory\nls                        # List directory contents\nls -la                    # Long listing including hidden files\ncd /path/to/dir           # Change directory\nmkdir newdir              # Create a new directory\nrmdir dir                 # Remove empty directory\nrm -r dir                 # Remove directory and contents\ntouch file.txt            # Create an empty file\ncp file1 file2            # Copy file1 to file2\ncp -r dir1 dir2           # Copy directories recursively\nmv file newname           # Rename or move file\nrm file.txt               # Delete file\n```\n\n---\n\n## File Permissions and Ownership\n\n```bash\nchmod 755 file            # Set permissions (owner=rwx, group=rx, others=rx)\nchmod -R 755 dir/         # Apply permissions recursively\nchown user:group file     # Change file owner and group\nls -l                     # List files with permissions\numask                     # Show default permission mask\n```\n\n---\n\n## Process Management\n\n```bash\nps aux                    # List all running processes\ntop                       # Dynamic real-time process view\nhtop                      # Interactive process monitor (install: dnf install htop)\nkill PID                  # Terminate process by PID\nkillall name              # Terminate all processes by name\nnice -n 10 command        # Run command with specific priority\nrenice -n -5 PID          # Change running process priority\n```\n\n---\n\n## User and Group Management\n\n```bash\nadduser username          # Add new user\npasswd username           # Set password for user\nusermod -aG wheel user    # Add user to 'wheel' (sudo) group\ndeluser username          # Delete user\ngroupadd groupname        # Create new group\ngpasswd -a user group     # Add user to group\nid user                   # Show user ID and groups\n```\n\n---\n\n## Disk and Memory Usage\n\n```bash\ndf -h                     # Disk usage of mounted filesystems\ndu -sh dir/               # Disk usage of a directory\nfree -m                   # Memory usage\nswapon -s                 # Show swap usage\nlsblk                     # List block devices\nmount /dev/sdX /mnt       # Mount device\numount /mnt               # Unmount device\n```\n\n---\n\n## Networking Commands\n\n```bash\nip a                      # Show IP addresses\nip r                      # Show routing table\nping example.com          # Check network connectivity\ndig example.com           # DNS lookup\nnslookup example.com      # DNS resolver tool\ntraceroute example.com    # Trace route to host\nwget http://url           # Download file\ncurl http://url           # Fetch web resource\nnmcli                     # NetworkManager command-line tool\n```\n\n---\n\n## System Monitoring and Logs\n\n```bash\nuptime                   # Show system uptime\ndmesg                    # Kernel messages\njournalctl               # Systemd log viewer\njournalctl -xe           # Show recent critical logs\nsystemctl status service # Show status of a service\n```\n\n---\n\n## System Services (systemd)\n\n```bash\nsystemctl status sshd           # Check service status\nsystemctl start sshd            # Start a service\nsystemctl stop sshd             # Stop a service\nsystemctl restart sshd          # Restart a service\nsystemctl enable sshd           # Enable service at boot\nsystemctl disable sshd          # Disable autostart\nsystemctl list-units --type=service  # List all services\n```\n\n---\n\n## Package Management Comparison (APT vs DNF vs Pacman)\n\n| Task | APT (Debian/Ubuntu) | DNF (Fedora) | Pacman (Arch) |\n|------|----------------------|--------------|----------------|\n| Update package index | `sudo apt update` | `sudo dnf check-update` | `sudo pacman -Sy` |\n| Upgrade packages | `sudo apt upgrade` | `sudo dnf upgrade` | `sudo pacman -Su` |\n| Install package | `sudo apt install pkg` | `sudo dnf install pkg` | `sudo pacman -S pkg` |\n| Remove package | `sudo apt remove pkg` | `sudo dnf remove pkg` | `sudo pacman -R pkg` |\n| Clean cache | `sudo apt clean` | `sudo dnf clean all` | `sudo pacman -Sc` |\n\n---\n\n## Archiving and Compression\n\n```bash\ntar -cvf archive.tar dir/      # Create tar archive\ntar -xvf archive.tar           # Extract tar\nzip file.zip file1 file2       # Create zip\nunzip file.zip                 # Extract zip\ngzip file                      # Compress file\ngunzip file.gz                 # Decompress file\n```\n\n---\n\n## Search and Filters\n\n```bash\ngrep 'text' file               # Search text in file\nfind / -name \"file.txt\"        # Find file by name\nlocate file.txt                # Fast file location (needs updatedb)\nawk '{print $1}' file.txt      # Print first column\nsed 's/old/new/g' file.txt     # Replace text in file\n```\n\n---\n\n## Scripting and Shell Utilities\n\n```bash\nbash script.sh                # Run shell script\nchmod +x script.sh            # Make script executable\necho \"text\"                   # Print text\nread var                      # Read input into variable\nsleep 5                       # Pause script\ndate                          # Show current date and time\n```\n\n---\n\n## Crontab and Scheduling\n\n```bash\ncrontab -e                    # Edit crontab\ncrontab -l                    # List scheduled jobs\n@reboot command               # Run command at boot\n0 2 * * * command             # Schedule: 2:00 AM daily\n```\n\n---\n\n## Boot Process and GRUB\n\n```bash\ngrub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg  # Regenerate GRUB config\ngrub2-install /dev/sdX                  # Install GRUB bootloader\nsystemctl reboot                        # Reboot system\nsystemctl poweroff                      # Shutdown system\n```\n\n---\n\n## Security Tools\n\n```bash\nsudo dnf install ufw                   # Install Uncomplicated Firewall\nsudo ufw enable                        # Enable firewall\nsudo ufw allow ssh                     # Allow SSH\nsudo ufw status                        # Show status\nsudo dnf install fail2ban              # Install Fail2Ban\nsudo systemctl enable fail2ban --now   # Start Fail2Ban\n```\n\n---\n**Sources**: Fedora Docs, Arch Wiki, Debian Manual.\n\n","project_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Fmahidulhq%2Funixcli-cheatsheet","html_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/projects/github.com%2Fmahidulhq%2Funixcli-cheatsheet","lists_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Fmahidulhq%2Funixcli-cheatsheet/lists"}