{"id":14972019,"url":"https://github.com/milanm/devops-roadmap","last_synced_at":"2025-05-14T12:02:33.940Z","repository":{"id":62084991,"uuid":"556191546","full_name":"milanm/DevOps-Roadmap","owner":"milanm","description":"DevOps Roadmap for 2025. with learning resources","archived":false,"fork":false,"pushed_at":"2025-03-31T07:17:32.000Z","size":27351,"stargazers_count":15617,"open_issues_count":7,"forks_count":2560,"subscribers_count":244,"default_branch":"master","last_synced_at":"2025-04-22T15:07:40.938Z","etag":null,"topics":["aws","azure","computer-science","continous-delivery","continuous-integration","developer-roadmap","devops","devops-roadmap","docker","go","grafana","jira","kubernetes","linux","prometheus","python","roadmap","sre","study-plan"],"latest_commit_sha":null,"homepage":"https://newsletter.techworld-with-milan.com/","language":null,"has_issues":true,"has_wiki":null,"has_pages":null,"mirror_url":null,"source_name":null,"license":"apache-2.0","status":null,"scm":"git","pull_requests_enabled":true,"icon_url":"https://github.com/milanm.png","metadata":{"files":{"readme":"README.md","changelog":null,"contributing":null,"funding":null,"license":"LICENSE","code_of_conduct":null,"threat_model":null,"audit":null,"citation":null,"codeowners":null,"security":null,"support":null,"governance":null,"roadmap":null,"authors":null,"dei":null,"publiccode":null,"codemeta":null,"zenodo":null}},"created_at":"2022-10-23T09:19:46.000Z","updated_at":"2025-04-22T13:20:49.000Z","dependencies_parsed_at":"2022-10-26T06:17:23.475Z","dependency_job_id":"727fc686-c7f5-401f-bc54-e74fc4e1d983","html_url":"https://github.com/milanm/DevOps-Roadmap","commit_stats":null,"previous_names":[],"tags_count":0,"template":false,"template_full_name":null,"repository_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repositories/milanm%2FDevOps-Roadmap","tags_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repositories/milanm%2FDevOps-Roadmap/tags","releases_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repositories/milanm%2FDevOps-Roadmap/releases","manifests_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repositories/milanm%2FDevOps-Roadmap/manifests","owner_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/owners/milanm","download_url":"https://codeload.github.com/milanm/DevOps-Roadmap/tar.gz/refs/heads/master","host":{"name":"GitHub","url":"https://github.com","kind":"github","repositories_count":252771917,"owners_count":21801813,"icon_url":"https://github.com/github.png","version":null,"created_at":"2022-05-30T11:31:42.601Z","updated_at":"2022-07-04T15:15:14.044Z","host_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub","repositories_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repositories","repository_names_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/repository_names","owners_url":"https://repos.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/hosts/GitHub/owners"}},"keywords":["aws","azure","computer-science","continous-delivery","continuous-integration","developer-roadmap","devops","devops-roadmap","docker","go","grafana","jira","kubernetes","linux","prometheus","python","roadmap","sre","study-plan"],"created_at":"2024-09-24T13:46:12.407Z","updated_at":"2025-05-06T21:30:56.650Z","avatar_url":"https://github.com/milanm.png","language":null,"readme":"# DevOps Roadmap 2025.\n\nThis is a step-by-step guide on how to become a DevOps engineer, with links to relevant learning resources.\n\nIf you want to learn more about DevOps, be sure to subscribe to **[my newsletter](https://newsletter.techworld-with-milan.com/)**. \n\n## Support My Work\n\nIf you find this repository helpful, consider supporting me on Patreon:\n\n[![Patreon](patreon.png)](https://www.patreon.com/techworld_with_milan)\n\n## Disclaimer\n\n\u003e The purpose of this roadmap is to give you an idea about the landscape. The road map will guide you if you are confused about what to learn next, rather than encouraging you to pick what is hype and trendy. You should grow some understanding of why one tool would be better suited for some cases than the other and remember that hype and trendy do not always mean best suited for the job.\n\n## Give a Star! :star:\n\nIf you like or are using this project to learn or start your solution, please give it a star. Thanks!\n\n![DevOps roadmap](DevOps%20Roadmap.png)\n\n## PDF version\n\n[![DevOps roadmap](pdfversion.png)](DevOps%20Roadmap.pdf)\n\nDownload [PDF version](DevOps%20Roadmap.pdf).\n\n## Table of Contents\n\n- [Learning resources for DevOps Engineers (mostly free)](#learning-resources-for-devops-engineers-mostly-free)\n  - [1. GIT](#1-git)\n  - [2. Learn one programming language](#2-learn-one-programming-language)\n  - [3. Learn Linux \u0026 Scripting](#3-learn-linux--scripting)\n  - [4. Learn Networking \u0026 Security](#4-learn-networking--security)\n  - [5. Learn Server Management](#5-learn-server-management)\n  - [6. Learn Containers](#6-learn-containers)\n  - [7. Learn Container Orchestration](#7-learn-container-orchestration)\n  - [8. Learn Infrastructure as a code (X as Code)](#8-learn-infrastructure-as-a-code-x-as-code)\n  - [9. Learn CI/CD](#9-learn-cicd)\n  - [10. Learn Monitoring \u0026 Observability](#10-learn-monitoring--observability)\n  - [11. Learn one Cloud provider](#11-learn-one-cloud-provider)\n  - [12. Learn Software Engineering Practices](#12-learn-software-engineering-practices)\n  - [Bonus: Learn DevSecOps Fundamentals](#bonus-learn-devsecops-fundamentals)\n- [Additional resources](#additional-resources)\n  - [Tools](#tools)\n  - [Books](#books)\n\n## Learning resources for DevOps Engineers (mostly free)\n\n### 1. GIT\n\nAll your resources (files) will be held in a GIT repository. Those files are **application code** but also **infrastructure as a code**. \n\n**Git** is a free tool used for source code management. Git is used to tracking changes in the source code, enabling multiple developers to work together on non-linear development. \n\nThe two most popular Git platforms are **GitLab** and **GitHub**.\n\nHere you need to learn Git commands, like git clone, branch, merge, and how to collaborate on a project with pull requests.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [Pro Git Book](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learn Git by Atlassian](https://www.atlassian.com/git) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learn Git Branching](https://learngitbranching.js.org/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learn Git \u0026 GitHub on CodeAcademy](https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-git) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Git Command Explorer](https://gitexplorer.com/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Git Immersion](https://gitimmersion.com/index.html) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [A Visual Git Reference](http://marklodato.github.io/visual-git-guide/index-en.html) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Git \u0026 GitHub Tutorial](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S7XpTAnSDL4) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Advanced Git Tutorial](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qsTthZi23VE) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n\n### 2. Learn one programming language\n\nAs an engineer, it is recommended to know at least one programming language that you can use to write **automation scripts**.\n\nSome popular programming languages for DevOps-es are **Python, Go, and JavaScript**.\n\nPython is a multi-paradigm language. Being an interpreted language, code is executed as soon as it is written, and the syntax allows for writing code in different ways. **Python** is frequently recommended as the first language new coders should learn, because of its focus on readability, consistency, and ease of use. \n\nHere you need to learn basic concepts of programming languages, such as syntax, if/else, loops, data structures, etc.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- Python:\n  - [Automate the Boring Stuff with Python book](https://automatetheboringstuff.com/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n  - [Python Crash Course](https://ehmatthes.github.io/pcc/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- JavaScript:\n  - [The Modern JavaScript Tutorial](https://javascript.info/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n  - [JavaScript Crash Course For Beginners](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hdI2bqOjy3c) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n  - [Eloquent JavaScript, 3rd edition](https://eloquentjavascript.net/), Marjin Haverbeke \u003csup\u003eFREE book\u003c/sup\u003e\n- Go\n  - [Go by Example](https://gobyexample.com/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n  - [Learn Go with Tests](https://quii.gitbook.io/learn-go-with-tests) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n\n### 3. Learn Linux \u0026 Scripting\n\nAn Operating system serves as a bridge between a computer's user and its hardware. Its function is to offer a setting in which a user can conveniently and effectively run programs. \n\nAs most servers use **Linux OS**, you need to make yourself comfortable with Linux and its CLI. \n\nLear basic commands, such as: ls, cd, mkdir, rm, cp, mv, touch, cat, printenv, grep, find, chmod, chmod, ps, kill, top, df, du, tar, gzip, ssh, scp, wget, curl, etc.\n\nOne easy-to-start distribution is **Ubuntu**. \n\nIn addition, you need to know **scripting** to automate tasks for development and operations. \n\nHere you can learn OS-specific languages, such as **Bash or Powershell**, or independent, like Python or Go.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [Operating System - Overview](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/operating_system/os_overview.htm) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Shell Scripting Tutorial](https://www.shellscript.sh/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Powershell Tutorial for Beginners: Learn Powershell Scripting](https://www.guru99.com/powershell-tutorial.html)  \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Bash Reference Manual](https://www.gnu.org/savannah-checkouts/gnu/bash/manual/bash.html) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Ultimate Guide: Getting Started With Ubuntu](https://itsfoss.com/getting-started-with-ubuntu/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [FreeBSD Handbook](https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Linux command handbook](https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-linux-commands-handbook/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Linux commands for Cloud and Devops engineers](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lCq4mYQL0WY) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n\n### 4. Learn Networking \u0026 Security\n\nA **network protocol** is an established set of rules that determine how data is transmitted between different devices in the same network. Essentially, it allows connected devices to communicate with each other, regardless of any differences in their internal processes, structure, or design. \n\nHere you will need to know how a network works, how to configure **firewalls**, understand how **DNS** works, **OSI model**, IP addresses, ports, etc.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [OSI Model Explained](https://www.cloudflare.com/en-gb/learning/ddos/glossary/open-systems-interconnection-model-osi/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach](https://www.amazon.com/Computer-Networking-Top-Down-Approach-7th/dp/0133594149) \u003csup\u003ebook\u003c/sup\u003e [Video Content](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLByK_3hwzY3Tysh-SY9MKZhMm9wIfNOas)\u003csup\u003evideo\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [TCP/IP and Networking Fundamentals for IT Pros](https://www.pluralsight.com/courses/tcpip-networking-it-pros) \u003csup\u003ePluralsight course\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [DevSecOps : Master Securing CI/CD | DevOps Pipeline](https://www.udemy.com/course/devsecops/) \u003csup\u003eUdemy course\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Hands-On Security in DevOps: Ensure continuous security, deployment, and delivery with DevSecOps](https://www.amazon.com/Hands-Security-DevOps-continuous-deployment/dp/1788995503) \u003csup\u003e Book\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Securing DevOps: Security in the Cloud](https://www.amazon.com/Securing-DevOps-Security-Julien-Vehent/dp/1617294136/) \u003csup\u003e Book\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Professor Messers Network+ course](https://www.professormesser.com/network-plus/n10-008/n10-008-video/n10-008-training-course/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n\n### 5. Learn Server Management\n\nServer management includes all the infrastructure monitoring and maintenance required for servers to operate reliably and at optimal performance levels. The primary goals of an **effective server management strategy** are to:\n\n- Minimize server slowdowns and downtime while maximizing reliability.\n- Build secure server environments.\n- Scale servers and related operations to meet the needs of the organization over time.\n\nHere you will need to know what is **forward and reverse proxies**, **caching servers**, and how to operate **Web Servers**, such as Nginx, Apache, or IIS.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [What is a reverse proxy?](https://www.cloudflare.com/en-gb/learning/cdn/glossary/reverse-proxy/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [What is a CDN edge server??](https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/cdn/glossary/edge-server/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Cache Server](https://networkencyclopedia.com/cache-server/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Reverse Proxy vs. Forward Proxy: The Differences](https://oxylabs.io/blog/reverse-proxy-vs-forward-proxy) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [What is load balancing?](https://www.cloudflare.com/en-gb/learning/performance/what-is-load-balancing/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [What is a Firewall?](https://www.checkpoint.com/cyber-hub/network-security/what-is-firewall/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [The NGINX Handbook](https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-nginx-handbook/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learn Apache Server](https://www.twaino.com/en/blog/website-creation/apache-server-2/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learn IIS](https://www.dnsstuff.com/windows-iis-server-tools) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n\n### 6. Learn Containers\n\nA **container** is a standard unit of software that packages up code and all its dependencies, so the application runs quickly and reliably from one computing environment to another. \n\n**Docker** is by far the most popular container technology today. A Docker container image is a lightweight, standalone, executable package of software that includes everything needed to run an application: code, runtime, system tools, system libraries, and settings. \n\nHere you need to know how to run containers, Docker Networking, Volumes, Dockerfiles, and run multiple containers with Docker-Compose.\n\nDocker Compose is important as pre-requisite for Kubernetes. It is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. With Compose, you use a YAML file to configure your application’s services. Then, with a single command, you create and start all the services from your configuration.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [What are Containers?](https://cloud.google.com/learn/what-are-containers) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learning Containers From The Bottom Up](https://iximiuz.com/en/posts/container-learning-path/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Docker Crash Course for Absolute Beginners by TechWorld with Nana](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pg19Z8LL06w) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Docker Tutorial for Beginners by TechWorld with Nana](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3c-iBn73dDE) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Ultimate Docker Compose Tutorial by TechWorld with Nana](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXwC9fSwct8) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Docker Mastery: with Kubernetes + Swarm from a Docker Captain](https://www.udemy.com/course/docker-mastery/) \u003csup\u003eUdemy course\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [What is Service Mesh?](https://www.redhat.com/en/topics/microservices/what-is-a-service-mesh) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [DevOps with Kubernetes](https://devopswithkubernetes.com/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [OCI Specification](https://github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/blob/main/spec.md)\n\n### 7. Learn Container Orchestration\n\nContainer orchestration **automates** the deployment, management, scaling, and networking of containers. \n\nContainer orchestration can be used in any environment where you use containers. It can help you to deploy the same application across different environments without needing to redesign it. And microservices in containers make it easier to orchestrate services, including storage, networking, and security. \n\nHere you need to learn how **Kubernetes** works, and how to administer the Kubernetes cluster and deploy applications on it.\n\nYou need to know basic components of Kubernetes, such as: Master Node, Worker Node, Pod, ReplicaSet, Deployment, Service, Ingress, ConfigMap, Secret, PersistentVolume, PersistentVolumeClaim, StatefulSet, DaemonSet, Job and CronJob.\n\nAlso, you need to know how to work with kubectl and Helm tools.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [Kubernetes Crash Course for Absolute Beginners by TechWorld with Nana](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s_o8dwzRlu4) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Primer: How Kubernetes Came to Be, What It Is, and Why You Should Care](https://thenewstack.io/primer-how-kubernetes-came-to-be-what-it-is-and-why-you-should-care/) \u003csup\u003eArticle\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA) with Practice Tests](https://www.udemy.com/course/certified-kubernetes-administrator-with-practice-tests/) \u003csup\u003eUdemy course\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learn Kubernetes - Beginners to Advanced by KodeKloud](https://kodekloud.com/learning-path-kubernetes/) \u003csup\u003eCourse\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Understand when to use Cluster Services, Ingresses or API Gateways](https://gateway-api.sigs.k8s.io) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Understand which Problems Service Mesh solve (Use an Abstraction smi-spec.io](https://linkerd.io/2.12/features/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learn how to automate TLS](https://cert-manager.io/docs/) and  [DNS](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/external-dns) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Kubernetes Up and Running](https://www.amazon.com/_/dp/1491935677?tag=oreilly20-20) \u003csup\u003eBook\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Kubernetes Learning Path - 50 days from zero to hero from Microsoft](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/resources/kubernetes-learning-path/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Below Kubernetes: Demystifying container runtimes](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MDsjINTL7Ek) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n\n### 8. Learn Infrastructure as a code (X as Code)\n\nSometimes referred to as **IaC**, it refers to the techniques and tools used to define infrastructure, typically in a markup language like YAML or JSON. Infrastructure as code allows Engineers to automate environment setup and teardown. Accelerates and de-risks deployment by provisioning gold copy environments on demand.\n\n**Terraform** is the most popular infrastructure provisioning tool, but there are others such as Ansible, Chef, Puppet, and Vagrant.\n\nHere you need to know how to do **infrastructure provisioning** and **configuration management**.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [GUIs, CLI, APIs: Learn Basic Terms of Infrastructure-as-Code](https://thenewstack.io/guis-cli-apis-learn-basic-terms-of-infrastructure-as-code/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- Terraform:\n    - [Official Terraform Tutorials](https://learn.hashicorp.com/terraform) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [A Comprehensive Guide to Terraform](https://blog.gruntwork.io/a-comprehensive-guide-to-terraform-b3d32832baca) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [Automate Terraform documentation like a pro!](https://medium.com/google-cloud/automate-terraform-documentation-like-a-pro-ed3e19998808) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [Writing reusable Terraform modules](https://thomasthornton.cloud/2022/06/02/writing-reusable-terraform-modules/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [Terraform Course - Automate your AWS cloud infrastructure](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLB_c_ayRMo) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [HashiCorp Terraform Associate Certification Course](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPcwo0Gq9T8) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [Terraform on Azure](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/developer/terraform/overview) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- Puppet:\n    - [Puppet overview](https://puppet.com/docs/puppet/latest/puppet_overview.html) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [Puppet Courses](https://training.puppet.com/) \u003csup\u003eFREE and PAID\u003c/sup\u003e\n- Chef:\n    - [Learn Chef](https://learn.chef.io/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- Ansible:\n    - [Getting Started With Ansible](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/getting_started/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [Learning Ansible Basics](https://www.redhat.com/en/topics/automation/learning-ansible-tutorial)\n    - [Get started with Red Hat Ansible](https://www.ansible.com/resources/get-started) \u003csup\u003eFREE and PAID\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [Mastering Ansible](https://www.udemy.com/course/mastering-ansible/) \u003csup\u003eUdemy Course\u003c/sup\n- Istio:\n    - [What is Istio?](https://www.redhat.com/en/topics/microservices/what-is-istio) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n\n### 9. Learn CI/CD\n\nContinuous Integration / Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) is a method to frequently deliver apps to customers by introducing **automation** into the stages of app development. CI/CD is a solution to the problems integrating new code can cause for development and operations teams.\n\nCI/CD introduces continuous automation and **continuous** monitoring throughout the lifecycle of apps, from integration and testing phases to delivery and deployment. These connected practices are often referred to as a \"**CI/CD pipeline**\" and are supported by development and operations teams.\n\nThere are **different stages** of a CI/CD pipeline, such as: **build, test and deploy**, but there could be much more activities included:\n\n- Checking code from version control and building it\n- Having staged gates for different kinds of approvals\n- Managing environment variables\n- Restarting services\n- Executing tests\n- And more...\n\nHere you need to learn how to set up CI/CD server, integrate code and trigger pipelines automatically, store and read secrets, and build and package management tools.\n\nSome **popular CI/CD tools** are: Jenkins, TeamCity, CircleCI, Bamboo, GitLab, and Azure DevOps.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [Continuous Integration](https://martinfowler.com/articles/continuousIntegration.html) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [CI/CD Pipeline: A Gentle Introduction](https://semaphoreci.com/blog/cicd-pipeline) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- Jenkins:\n    - [Jenkins, From Zero To Hero: Become a DevOps Jenkins Master](https://www.udemy.com/course/jenkins-from-zero-to-hero) \u003csup\u003eUdemy course\u003c/sup\u003e\n- Azure DevOps:\n    - [Learn Azure DevOps](https://milan.milanovic.org/post/ci-cd-with-azure-devops-yaml/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- GitHub Actions:\n    - [Learn GitHub actions](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/users/githubtraining/collections/n5p4a5z7keznp5) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [GitHub Actions Tutorial by Tech World with Nana](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R8_veQiYBjI) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [Workflow syntax for GitHub Actions](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- GitLab:\n    - [Learn GitLab with tutorials](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/tutorials/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [GitLab CI CD Tutorial for Beginners by Tech World With Nana](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qP8kir2GUgo) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [Get started with GitLab CI/CD](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/quick_start/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [GitLab Cheatsheets](https://dev.to/jphi_baconnais/series/12928) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n\n### 10. Learn Monitoring \u0026 Observability\n\nMonitoring entails overseeing the entire development process from planning, development, integration and testing, deployment, and operations. It involves a complete and **real-time view** of the status of applications, services, and infrastructure in the production environment.\n\nThis is especially important when our software is in **production**, and we need to track all kinds of issues in our infrastructure and application.\n\nThe two most popular tools are **Prometheus** and **Grafana**, but also Cloud-based tools such as AWS CloudWatch, Azure Monitor, and Google Cloud Monitoring.\n\nHere you need to know how to set up monitoring and visualize data, crating and setting up alerting, and creating automatization during alerting.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [What Is Observability? Comprehensive Beginners Guide](https://devopscube.com/what-is-observability/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [The Hows, Whys and Whats of Monitoring Microservices](https://thenewstack.io/the-hows-whys-and-whats-of-monitoring-microservices/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [DevOps Monitoring](https://www.atlassian.com/devops/devops-tools/devops-monitoring) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Applying Basic vs. Advanced Monitoring Techniques](https://thenewstack.io/applying-basic-vs-advanced-monitoring-techniques/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learn Prometheus](https://prometheus.io/docs/tutorials/getting_started/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learn Grafana](https://grafana.com/tutorials/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Beautiful Dashboards with Grafana and Prometheus](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzny5uUaAeY) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Elastic Stack](https://www.elastic.co/guide/index.html) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [AWS Tutorial - Amazon CloudWatch Tutorial](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qVYnlxdEebE) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Datadog 101 Course](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Js06FTU3nXo) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Splunk Fundamentals](https://www.splunk.com/en_us/training/splunk-fundamentals.html) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e    \n\n### 11. Learn one Cloud provider\n\nCloud providers provide a layer of APIs to abstract infrastructure and provision it based on security and billing boundaries. The cloud runs on servers in data centers, but the abstractions cleverly give the appearance of interacting with a single \"platform\" or large application. The ability to quickly provision, configure and secure resources with cloud providers has been key to both the tremendous success, and complexity, of modern DevOps.\n\nThe most popular cloud providers in the market are **AWS** and **Azure**, as well as **Google Cloud**.\n\nHere you need to know how to manage users and administration, networks, virtual servers, etc.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [Serverless 101 - Serverless Land](https://serverlessland.com/learn/serverless-101) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- Azure:\n    - [Exam AZ-900: Microsoft Azure Fundamentals](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/certifications/exams/az-900) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [Microsoft Azure Fundamentals Certification Course (AZ-900)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NKEFWyqJ5XA) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [AZ-900 | Microsoft Azure Fundamentals Full Course, Free Practice Tests, Website and Study Guides](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPEsD6n9A_I\u0026list=PLGjZwEtPN7j-Q59JYso3L4_yoCjj2syrM) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- AWS:\n    - [Ultimate AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner - 2022](https://www.udemy.com/course/aws-certified-cloud-practitioner-new) \u003csup\u003eUdemy\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [AWS Developer by A Cloud Guru](https://acloudguru.com/learning-paths/aws-developer) \u003csup\u003eLearning path\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [AWS Well-Architected](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/well-architected/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- Google Cloud:\n    - [Google Cloud Associate Cloud Engineer Course](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpno8FSqpc8) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n    - [Google Cloud Well-Architected Framework](https://cloud.google.com/architecture/framework) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n\n### 12. Learn Software Engineering Practices\n\nAs a DevOps engineer, you will probably work in a team with other developers in an Agile world, such as **Scrum**. So, it is very important to know different parts of **SDLC**, as well as the tools which are used there.\n\nIn addition, it would be good to know how **automation testing** is working, as you will need to set up it in CI/CD way.\n\nHere you need to know what is **Scrum**, all phases of **SDLC**, how **automation testing** works, etc.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [What is Scrum?](https://www.atlassian.com/agile/scrum) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Ways To Learn About Scrum](https://www.scrum.org/resources/ways-learn-about-scrum) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Phases \u0026 Models](https://www.guru99.com/software-development-life-cycle-tutorial.html) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [The Beginner's Guide to Agile in Jira: Course description](https://university.atlassian.com/student/page/1117976-the-beginner-s-guide-to-agile-in-jira-course-description?sid_i=8) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learn SAFe](https://www.scaledagileframework.com/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Learn Automation Testing](https://blog.testproject.io/2020/03/26/automation-testing-for-beginners-ultimate-guide/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [GitLab - Beginner's Guide to DevOps](https://page.gitlab.com/resources-ebook-beginners-guide-devops.html) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Common SDLC Models](https://www.scaler.com/blog/software-development-life-cycle/#common-sdlc-models) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n\n### Bonus: Learn DevSecOps Fundamentals\n\nSecurity must be integrated throughout the DevOps lifecycle rather than added as an afterthought.\n\nHere you will need to learn how to integrate security into the DevOps pipeline, and how to automate security testing (SAST and DAST).\n\nAlso, you need to know how to manage secrets and credentials, and how to set up security policies.\n\n**Resources:**\n\n- [OWASP DevSecOps Guideline](https://owasp.org/www-project-devsecops-guideline/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Supply Chain Levels for Software Artifacts (SLSA)](https://slsa.dev/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [HashiCorp Vault Documentation](https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Trivy Documentation](https://trivy.dev/latest/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Falco Runtime Security](https://falco.org/docs/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [DevSecOps: A leader's guide](https://www.devsecops.org/) \u003csup\u003eFREE\u003c/sup\u003e\n- [Container Security](https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/container-security/9781492056690/) book\n\n\n## Additional resources\n\n### Tools\n\n- **Work Tracking**:** [Asana](https://asana.com/), [Monday](https://monday.com/), [Jira](https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira), [Trello](https://trello.com/), [Azure Boards](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-au/products/devops/boards/).\n- **Source code control**: [Git](https://git-scm.com/), [Github](https://github.com/), [GitLab](https://about.gitlab.com/), [BitBucket](https://bitbucket.org/), [Azure DevOps](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/devops).\n- **CI/CD**: [Jenkins](https://www.jenkins.io/), [Team City](https://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/), [Github Actions](https://github.com/features/actions), [Travis CI](https://www.travis-ci.com/), [Bamboo](https://www.atlassian.com/software/bamboo), [Circle CI](https://circleci.com/), [Azure Pipelines](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/devops/pipelines/), [Octopus Deploy](https://octopus.com/), [Harness](https://www.harness.io/), [CloudBees CodeShip](https://www.cloudbees.com/products/codeship).\n- **Source Code Analysis**: [SonarQube](https://www.sonarsource.com/products/sonarqube/), [Veracode](https://www.veracode.com/).\n- **Artifact management**: [Artifactory](https://jfrog.com/artifactory/), [Docker Container Register](https://docs.docker.com/registry/), [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/), [Yarn](https://yarnpkg.com/), [NuGet](https://www.nuget.org/).\n- **Configuration Management**: [Terraform](https://www.terraform.io/), [Ansible](https://www.ansible.com/), [Puppet](https://www.puppet.com/), [Chef](https://www.chef.io/).\n- **Container orchestration**: [Docker](https://www.docker.com/), [Kubernetes](https://kubernetes.io/), [Red Hat OpenShift](https://www.redhat.com/en/technologies/cloud-computing/openshift).\n- **Monitoring**: [Prometheus](https://prometheus.io/), [Grafana](https://grafana.com/), [Splunk](https://www.splunk.com/), [Dynatrace](https://www.dynatrace.com/), [Kibana](https://www.elastic.co/kibana/).\n\n![DevOps roadmap](devops%20tools.png)\n\n### Books\n\n- **[The DevOps Handbook: How to Create World-Class Agility, Reliability, and Security in Technology Organizations](https://amzn.to/3IJPv0h)**, Gene Kim, Patrick Debois, John Willis, Jez Humble \n\n    The book introduces product development, quality assurance, IT operations, and information security. It is a great read for those who are new to DevOps or who want to learn more about how the various components of DevOps work together.\n\n- **[Accelerate: The Science of Lean Software and DevOps: Building and Scaling High Performing Technology Organizations](https://amzn.to/3XRShoA)**, Nicole Forsgren, Jez Humble, Gene Kim \n\n    This book presents both the findings and the science behind measuring software delivery performance. For promoting DevOps to senior management, it's a fantastic tool.\n\n- **[Continuous Delivery: Reliable Software Releases through Build, Test, and Deployment Automation ](https://amzn.to/3XRShoA)**, Jez Humble, David Farley \n\n    It introduces automated architecture management and data migration. Many of the deployment pipeline concepts that have since become standard were established in this book. Config as Code, build and deployment automation, and efficient testing techniques are covered in some technical detail. Its mostly technical book.\n\n- **[Team Topologies: Organizing Business and Technology Teams for Fast Flow](https://amzn.to/3Zb83fl)**, Matthew Skelton, Manuel Pais\n\n    The book talks about how to organize teams in a way that enables fast flow of value to customers. It provides a set of four fundamental team topologies: Stream-Aligned Teams, Enabling Teams, Complicated-Subsystem Teams, and Platform Teams, which can be combined and adapted to suit different organizational contexts. \n\n- **[Effective DevOps: Building a Culture of Collaboration, Affinity, and Tooling at Scale](https://amzn.to/3Za5aLH)**, Jennifer Davis, Ryn Daniels\n\n    The book provides effective ways to improve team coordination. It shows how to break down information silos, monitor relationships, and repair misunderstandings that arise between and within teams in your organization.\n\n- **[The Phoenix Project: A Novel about IT, DevOps, and Helping Your Business Win](https://amzn.to/3Z6VSQG)**, Gene Kim, Kevin Behr, George Spafford\n\n    It is a classic novel about effectiveness and communications. IT work is like manufacturing plant work, and a system must be established to streamline the workflow. One of the best books out there.\n\n- **[Site Reliability Engineering](https://sre.google/books/)**, Betsy Beyer, Chris Jones, Jennifer Petoff, Niall Richard Murphy \n\n    This book explains the whole life cycle of Google’s development, deployment, and monitoring, and how to manage the world’s biggest software systems (also known as SRE). Anyone who considers themselves to be more on the \"Ops\" end of the DevOps side or who wants to know how to strengthen the bonds between various Dev and Ops teams should read SRE.\n\n![DevOps books](DevOpsBooks.jpg)\n\n## DevOps as a Burger (DaaB)\n\nWe can even present this roadmap as a burger :).\n\n![DevOps as a Burger](DevOpsBurger.jpg)\n\n## Wrap Up\n\nIf you think the roadmap can be improved, please open a PR with any updates and submit any issues. Also, I will continue to improve this, so you might want to star this repository to revisit.\n\n## Contribution\n\n- Open a pull request with improvements\n- Discuss ideas in issues\n- Spread the word\n\n## License\n\n[![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-Apache_2.0-blue.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-2.0)\n\n## Authors\n\n- [Dr. Milan Milanović](https://milan.milanovic.org) -  CTO at [3MD](https://3mdinc.com).\n- [Romano Roth](https://romanoroth.com) - Chief of DevOps at [Zühlke](https://www.zuehlke.com/en).\n","funding_links":["https://www.patreon.com/techworld_with_milan"],"categories":[],"sub_categories":[],"project_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Fmilanm%2Fdevops-roadmap","html_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/projects/github.com%2Fmilanm%2Fdevops-roadmap","lists_url":"https://awesome.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/projects/github.com%2Fmilanm%2Fdevops-roadmap/lists"}