{"id":30257646,"url":"https://github.com/ruby-oauth/oauth2","last_synced_at":"2025-08-15T16:05:27.357Z","repository":{"id":878990,"uuid":"622911","full_name":"ruby-oauth/oauth2","owner":"ruby-oauth","description":"A Ruby wrapper for OAuth 2.0 protocol, including 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align=\"center\"\u003e\n    \u003ca href=\"https://discord.gg/3qme4XHNKN\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003e\n      \u003cimg width=\"124px\" src=\"https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/raw/main/docs/images/logo/galtzo-floss-logos-original.svg?raw=true\" alt=\"Galtzo.com Logo by Aboling0, CC BY-SA 4.0\"\u003e\n    \u003c/a\u003e\n    \u003ca href=\"http://oauth.net/2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003e\n      \u003cimg src=\"https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/raw/main/docs/images/logo/oauth2-logo-124px.png?raw=true\" alt=\"OAuth 2.0 Logo by Chris Messina, CC BY-SA 3.0\"\u003e\n    \u003c/a\u003e\n    \u003ca href=\"https://www.ruby-lang.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003e\n      \u003cimg width=\"124px\" src=\"https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/raw/main/docs/images/logo/ruby-logo-198px.svg?raw=true\" alt=\"Yukihiro Matsumoto, Ruby Visual Identity Team, CC BY-SA 2.5\"\u003e\n    \u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n## 🔐 OAuth2\n\n[![Version][👽versioni]][👽version] [![License: MIT][📄license-img]][📄license-ref] [![Downloads Rank][👽dl-ranki]][👽dl-rank] [![Open Source Helpers][👽oss-helpi]][👽oss-help] [![Depfu][🔑depfui♻️]][🔑depfu] [![Coveralls Test Coverage][🔑coveralls-img]][🔑coveralls] [![QLTY Test Coverage][🔑qlty-covi♻️]][🔑qlty-cov] [![QLTY Maintainability][🔑qlty-mnti♻️]][🔑qlty-mnt] [![CI Heads][🚎3-hd-wfi]][🚎3-hd-wf] [![CI Runtime Dependencies @ HEAD][🚎12-crh-wfi]][🚎12-crh-wf] [![CI Current][🚎11-c-wfi]][🚎11-c-wf] [![CI Truffle Ruby][🚎9-t-wfi]][🚎9-t-wf] [![CI JRuby][🚎10-j-wfi]][🚎10-j-wf] [![CI Supported][🚎6-s-wfi]][🚎6-s-wf] [![CI Legacy][🚎4-lg-wfi]][🚎4-lg-wf] [![CI Unsupported][🚎7-us-wfi]][🚎7-us-wf] [![CI Ancient][🚎1-an-wfi]][🚎1-an-wf] [![CI Caboose is an absolute WAGON][🚎13-cbs-wfi]][🚎13-cbs-wf] [![CI Test Coverage][🚎2-cov-wfi]][🚎2-cov-wf] [![CI Style][🚎5-st-wfi]][🚎5-st-wf] [![CodeQL][🖐codeQL-img]][🖐codeQL]\n\n---\n\n[![Liberapay Goal Progress][⛳liberapay-img]][⛳liberapay] [![Sponsor Me on Github][🖇sponsor-img]][🖇sponsor] [![Buy me a coffee][🖇buyme-small-img]][🖇buyme] [![Donate on Polar][🖇polar-img]][🖇polar] [![Donate to my FLOSS or refugee efforts at ko-fi.com][🖇kofi-img]][🖇kofi] [![Donate to my FLOSS or refugee efforts using Patreon][🖇patreon-img]][🖇patreon]\n\n---\n\nOAuth 2.0 is the industry-standard protocol for authorization.\nOAuth 2.0 focuses on client developer simplicity while providing specific authorization flows for web applications,\n    desktop applications, mobile phones, and living room devices.\nThis is a RubyGem for implementing OAuth 2.0 clients (not servers) in Ruby applications.\n\n| Federated [DVCS][💎d-in-dvcs] Repository      | Status                                                            | Issues                    | PRs                      | Wiki                      | CI                       | Discussions                  |\n|-----------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|--------------------------|---------------------------|--------------------------|------------------------------|\n| 🧪 [oauth-xx/oauth2 on GitLab][📜src-gl]      | The Truth                                                         | [💚][🤝gl-issues]         | [💚][🤝gl-pulls]         | [💚][📜wiki]              | 🏀 Tiny Matrix           | ➖                            |\n| 🧊 [oauth-xx/oauth2 on CodeBerg][📜src-cb]    | An Ethical Mirror ([Donate][🤝cb-donate])                         | ➖                         | [💚][🤝cb-pulls]         | ➖                         | ⭕️ No Matrix             | ➖                            |\n| 🐙 [oauth-xx/oauth2 on GitHub][📜src-gh]      | A Dirty Mirror                                                    | [💚][🤝gh-issues]         | [💚][🤝gh-pulls]         | ➖                         | 💯 Full Matrix           | ➖                            |\n| 🤼 [OAuth Ruby Google Group][⛳gg-discussions] | \"Active\"                                                          | ➖                         | ➖                        | ➖                         | ➖                        | [💚][⛳gg-discussions]        |\n| 🎮️ [Discord Server][✉️discord-invite]        | [![Live Chat on Discord][✉️discord-invite-img]][✉️discord-invite] | [Let's][✉️discord-invite] | [talk][✉️discord-invite] | [about][✉️discord-invite] | [this][✉️discord-invite] | [library!][✉️discord-invite] |\n\n### Upgrading Runtime Gem Dependencies\n\nThis project sits underneath a large portion of the authorization systems on the internet.\nAccording to GitHub's project tracking, which I believe only reports on public projects,\n[100,000+ projects](https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/network/dependents), and\n[500+ packages](https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/network/dependents?dependent_type=PACKAGE) depend on this project.\n\nThat means it is painful for the Ruby community when this gem forces updates to its runtime dependencies.\n\nAs a result, great care, and a lot of time, have been invested to ensure this gem is working with all the\nleading versions per each minor version of Ruby of all the runtime dependencies it can install with.\n\nWhat does that mean specifically for the runtime dependencies?\n\nWe have 100% test coverage of lines and branches, and this test suite runs across a large matrix\ncovering the latest patch for each of the following minor versions:\n\n* MRI Ruby @ v2.3, v2.4, v2.5, v2.6, v2.7, v3.0, v3.1, v3.2, v3.3, v3.4, HEAD\n  * NOTE: This gem will still install on ruby v2.2, but vanilla GitHub Actions no longer supports testing against it, so YMMV.\n* JRuby @ v9.2, v9.3, v9.4, v10.0, HEAD\n* TruffleRuby @ v23.1, v24.1, HEAD\n* gem `faraday` @ v0, v1, v2, HEAD ⏩️ [lostisland/faraday](https://github.com/lostisland/faraday)\n* gem `jwt` @ v1, v2, v3, HEAD ⏩️ [jwt/ruby-jwt](https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt)\n* gem `logger` @ v1.2, v1.5, v1.7, HEAD ⏩️ [ruby/logger](https://github.com/ruby/logger)\n* gem `multi_xml` @ v0.5, v0.6, v0.7, HEAD ⏩️ [sferik/multi_xml](https://github.com/sferik/multi_xml)\n* gem `rack` @ v1.2, v1.6, v2, v3, HEAD ⏩️ [rack/rack](https://github.com/rack/rack)\n* gem `snaky_hash` @ v2, HEAD ⏩️ [oauth-xx/snaky_hash](https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/snaky_hash)\n* gem `version_gem` @ v1, HEAD ⏩️ [oauth-xx/version_gem](https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/version_gem)\n\nThe last two were extracted from this gem. They are part of the `oauth-xx` org,\nand are developed in tight collaboration with this gem.\n\nAlso, where reasonable, tested against the runtime dependencies of those dependencies:\n\n* gem `hashie` @ v0, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, HEAD ⏩️ [hashie/hashie](https://github.com/hashie/hashie)\n\n#### You should upgrade this gem with confidence\\*.\n\n- This gem follows a _strict \u0026 correct_ (according to the maintainer of SemVer; [more info][sv-pub-api]) interpretation of SemVer.\n  - Dropping support for **any** of the runtime dependency versions above will be a major version bump.\n  - If you aren't on one of the minor versions above, make getting there a priority.\n- You should upgrade the dependencies of this gem with confidence\\*.\n- Please do upgrade, and then, when it goes smooth as butter [please sponsor me][🖇sponsor].  Thanks!\n\n[sv-pub-api]: #-is-platform-support-part-of-the-public-api\n\n\\* MIT license; I am unable to make guarantees.\n\n| 🚚 Test matrix brought to you by | 🔎 appraisal++                                                          |\n|----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| Adds back support for old Rubies | ✨ [appraisal PR #250](https://github.com/thoughtbot/appraisal/pull/250) |\n| Adds support for `eval_gemfile`  | ✨ [appraisal PR #248](https://github.com/thoughtbot/appraisal/pull/248) |\n| Please review                    | my PRs!                                                                 |\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n  \u003csummary\u003eStandard Library Dependencies\u003c/summary\u003e\n\nThe various versions of each are tested via the Ruby test matrix, along with whatever Ruby includes them.\n\n* base64\n* cgi\n* json\n* time\n* logger (removed from stdlib in Ruby 3.5 so added as runtime dependency in v2.0.10)\n\nIf you use a gem version it should work fine!\n\n\u003c/details\u003e\n\n### Quick Usage Example for AI and Copy / Pasting\n\nConvert the following `curl` command into a token request using this gem...\n\n```shell\ncurl --request POST \\\n  --url 'https://login.microsoftonline.com/REDMOND_REDACTED/oauth2/token' \\\n  --header 'content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' \\\n  --data grant_type=client_credentials \\\n  --data client_id=REDMOND_CLIENT_ID \\\n  --data client_secret=REDMOND_CLIENT_SECRET \\\n  --data resource=REDMOND_RESOURCE_UUID\n```\n\nNOTE: In the ruby version below, certain params are passed to the `get_token` call, instead of the client creation.\n\n```ruby\nOAuth2::Client.new(\n  \"REDMOND_CLIENT_ID\", # client_id\n  \"REDMOND_CLIENT_SECRET\", # client_secret\n  auth_scheme: :request_body, # Other modes are supported: :basic_auth, :tls_client_auth, :private_key_jwt\n  token_url: \"oauth2/token\", # relative path, except with leading `/`, then absolute path\n  site: \"https://login.microsoftonline.com/REDMOND_REDACTED\",\n). # The base path for token_url when it is relative\n  client_credentials. # There are many other types to choose from!\n  get_token(resource: \"REDMOND_RESOURCE_UUID\")\n```\n\nNOTE: `header` - The content type specified in the `curl` is already the default!\n\nIf any of the above makes you uncomfortable, you may be in the wrong place.\nOne of these might be what you are looking for:\n\n* [OAuth 2.0 Spec][oauth2-spec]\n* [doorkeeper gem][doorkeeper-gem] for OAuth 2.0 server/provider implementation.\n* [oauth sibling gem][sibling-gem] for OAuth 1.0 implementations in Ruby.\n\n[oauth2-spec]: https://oauth.net/2/\n[sibling-gem]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth\n[doorkeeper-gem]: https://github.com/doorkeeper-gem/doorkeeper\n\n## 💡 Info you can shake a stick at\n\n| Tokens to Remember      | [![Gem name][⛳️name-img]][⛳️gem-name] [![Gem namespace][⛳️namespace-img]][⛳️gem-namespace]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |\n|-------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| Works with JRuby        | [![JRuby 9.2 Compat][💎jruby-9.2i]][🚎10-j-wf] [![JRuby 9.3 Compat][💎jruby-9.3i]][🚎10-j-wf] [![JRuby 9.4 Compat][💎jruby-9.4i]][🚎10-j-wf] [![JRuby 10.0 Compat][💎jruby-c-i]][🚎11-c-wf] [![JRuby HEAD Compat][💎jruby-headi]][🚎3-hd-wf]                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |\n| Works with Truffle Ruby | [![Truffle Ruby 23.1 Compat][💎truby-23.1i]][🚎9-t-wf] [![Truffle Ruby 24.1 Compat][💎truby-c-i]][🚎11-c-wf] [![Truffle Ruby HEAD Compat][💎truby-headi]][🚎3-hd-wf]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |\n| Works with MRI Ruby 3   | [![Ruby 3.0 Compat][💎ruby-3.0i]][🚎4-lg-wf] [![Ruby 3.1 Compat][💎ruby-3.1i]][🚎6-s-wf] [![Ruby 3.2 Compat][💎ruby-3.2i]][🚎6-s-wf] [![Ruby 3.3 Compat][💎ruby-3.3i]][🚎6-s-wf] [![Ruby 3.4 Compat][💎ruby-c-i]][🚎11-c-wf] [![Ruby HEAD Compat][💎ruby-headi]][🚎3-hd-wf]                                                                                                                                                                                         |\n| Works with MRI Ruby 2   | [![Ruby 2.3 Compat][💎ruby-2.3i]][🚎13-cbs-wf] [![Ruby 2.4 Compat][💎ruby-2.4i]][🚎1-an-wf] [![Ruby 2.5 Compat][💎ruby-2.5i]][🚎1-an-wf] [![Ruby 2.6 Compat][💎ruby-2.6i]][🚎7-us-wf] [![Ruby 2.7 Compat][💎ruby-2.7i]][🚎7-us-wf]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |\n| Source                  | [![Source on GitLab.com][📜src-gl-img]][📜src-gl] [![Source on CodeBerg.org][📜src-cb-img]][📜src-cb] [![Source on Github.com][📜src-gh-img]][📜src-gh] [![The best SHA: dQw4w9WgXcQ!][🧮kloc-img]][🧮kloc]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |\n| Documentation           | [![Discussion][⛳gg-discussions-img]][⛳gg-discussions] [![Current release on RubyDoc.info][📜docs-cr-rd-img]][🚎yard-current] [![YARD on Galtzo.com][📜docs-head-rd-img]][🚎yard-head] [![BDFL Blog][🚂bdfl-blog-img]][🚂bdfl-blog] [![Wiki][📜wiki-img]][📜wiki]                                                                                                                                                                                                    |\n| Compliance              | [![License: MIT][📄license-img]][📄license-ref] [![📄ilo-declaration-img]][📄ilo-declaration] [![Security Policy][🔐security-img]][🔐security] [![Contributor Covenant 2.1][🪇conduct-img]][🪇conduct] [![SemVer 2.0.0][📌semver-img]][📌semver]                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |\n| Style                   | [![Enforced Code Style Linter][💎rlts-img]][💎rlts] [![Keep-A-Changelog 1.0.0][📗keep-changelog-img]][📗keep-changelog] [![Gitmoji Commits][📌gitmoji-img]][📌gitmoji]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |\n| Support                 | [![Live Chat on Discord][✉️discord-invite-img]][✉️discord-invite] [![Get help from me on Upwork][👨🏼‍🏫expsup-upwork-img]][👨🏼‍🏫expsup-upwork] [![Get help from me on Codementor][👨🏼‍🏫expsup-codementor-img]][👨🏼‍🏫expsup-codementor]                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |\n| Enterprise Support      | [![Get help from me on Tidelift][🏙️entsup-tidelift-img]][🏙️entsup-tidelift]\u003cbr/\u003e💡Subscribe for support guarantees covering _all_ FLOSS dependencies!\u003cbr/\u003e💡Tidelift is part of [Sonar][🏙️entsup-tidelift-sonar]!\u003cbr/\u003e💡Tidelift pays maintainers to maintain the software you depend on!\u003cbr/\u003e📊`@`Pointy Haired Boss: An [enterprise support][🏙️entsup-tidelift] subscription is \"[never gonna let you down][🧮kloc]\", and *supports* open source maintainers! |\n| Comrade BDFL 🎖️        | [![Follow Me on LinkedIn][💖🖇linkedin-img]][💖🖇linkedin] [![Follow Me on Ruby.Social][💖🐘ruby-mast-img]][💖🐘ruby-mast] [![Follow Me on Bluesky][💖🦋bluesky-img]][💖🦋bluesky] [![Contact BDFL][🚂bdfl-contact-img]][🚂bdfl-contact] [![My technical writing][💖💁🏼‍♂️devto-img]][💖💁🏼‍♂️devto]                                                                                                                                                              |\n| `...` 💖                | [![Find Me on WellFound:][💖✌️wellfound-img]][💖✌️wellfound] [![Find Me on CrunchBase][💖💲crunchbase-img]][💖💲crunchbase] [![My LinkTree][💖🌳linktree-img]][💖🌳linktree] [![More About Me][💖💁🏼‍♂️aboutme-img]][💖💁🏼‍♂️aboutme] [🧊][💖🧊berg] [🐙][💖🐙hub]  [🛖][💖🛖hut] [🧪][💖🧪lab]                                                                                                                                                                   |\n\n## 🚀 Release Documentation\n\n### Version 2.0.x\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n  \u003csummary\u003e2.0.x CHANGELOG and README\u003c/summary\u003e\n\n| Version | Release Date | CHANGELOG                             | README                          |\n|---------|--------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------|\n| 2.0.12  | 2025-05-31   | [v2.0.12 CHANGELOG][2.0.12-changelog] | [v2.0.12 README][2.0.12-readme] |\n| 2.0.11  | 2025-05-23   | [v2.0.11 CHANGELOG][2.0.11-changelog] | [v2.0.11 README][2.0.11-readme] |\n| 2.0.10  | 2025-05-17   | [v2.0.10 CHANGELOG][2.0.10-changelog] | [v2.0.10 README][2.0.10-readme] |\n| 2.0.9   | 2022-09-16   | [v2.0.9 CHANGELOG][2.0.9-changelog]   | [v2.0.9 README][2.0.9-readme]   |\n| 2.0.8   | 2022-09-01   | [v2.0.8 CHANGELOG][2.0.8-changelog]   | [v2.0.8 README][2.0.8-readme]   |\n| 2.0.7   | 2022-08-22   | [v2.0.7 CHANGELOG][2.0.7-changelog]   | [v2.0.7 README][2.0.7-readme]   |\n| 2.0.6   | 2022-07-13   | [v2.0.6 CHANGELOG][2.0.6-changelog]   | [v2.0.6 README][2.0.6-readme]   |\n| 2.0.5   | 2022-07-07   | [v2.0.5 CHANGELOG][2.0.5-changelog]   | [v2.0.5 README][2.0.5-readme]   |\n| 2.0.4   | 2022-07-01   | [v2.0.4 CHANGELOG][2.0.4-changelog]   | [v2.0.4 README][2.0.4-readme]   |\n| 2.0.3   | 2022-06-28   | [v2.0.3 CHANGELOG][2.0.3-changelog]   | [v2.0.3 README][2.0.3-readme]   |\n| 2.0.2   | 2022-06-24   | [v2.0.2 CHANGELOG][2.0.2-changelog]   | [v2.0.2 README][2.0.2-readme]   |\n| 2.0.1   | 2022-06-22   | [v2.0.1 CHANGELOG][2.0.1-changelog]   | [v2.0.1 README][2.0.1-readme]   |\n| 2.0.0   | 2022-06-21   | [v2.0.0 CHANGELOG][2.0.0-changelog]   | [v2.0.0 README][2.0.0-readme]   |\n\u003c/details\u003e\n\n[2.0.12-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#2012---2025-05-31\n[2.0.11-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#2011---2025-05-23\n[2.0.10-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#2010---2025-05-17\n[2.0.9-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#209---2022-09-16\n[2.0.8-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#208---2022-09-01\n[2.0.7-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#207---2022-08-22\n[2.0.6-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#206---2022-07-13\n[2.0.5-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#205---2022-07-07\n[2.0.4-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#204---2022-07-01\n[2.0.3-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#203---2022-06-28\n[2.0.2-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#202---2022-06-24\n[2.0.1-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#201---2022-06-22\n[2.0.0-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#200---2022-06-21\n\n[2.0.12-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.12/README.md\n[2.0.11-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.11/README.md\n[2.0.10-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.10/README.md\n[2.0.9-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.9/README.md\n[2.0.8-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.8/README.md\n[2.0.7-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.7/README.md\n[2.0.6-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.6/README.md\n[2.0.5-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.5/README.md\n[2.0.4-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.4/README.md\n[2.0.3-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.3/README.md\n[2.0.2-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.2/README.md\n[2.0.1-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.1/README.md\n[2.0.0-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v2.0.0/README.md\n\n### Older Releases\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n  \u003csummary\u003e1.4.x CHANGELOGs and READMEs\u003c/summary\u003e\n\n| Version | Release Date | CHANGELOG                             | README                          |\n|---------|--------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------|\n| 1.4.11  | Sep 16, 2022 | [v1.4.11 CHANGELOG][1.4.11-changelog] | [v1.4.11 README][1.4.11-readme] |\n| 1.4.10  | Jul 1, 2022  | [v1.4.10 CHANGELOG][1.4.10-changelog] | [v1.4.10 README][1.4.10-readme] |\n| 1.4.9   | Feb 20, 2022 | [v1.4.9 CHANGELOG][1.4.9-changelog]   | [v1.4.9 README][1.4.9-readme]   |\n| 1.4.8   | Feb 18, 2022 | [v1.4.8 CHANGELOG][1.4.8-changelog]   | [v1.4.8 README][1.4.8-readme]   |\n| 1.4.7   | Mar 19, 2021 | [v1.4.7 CHANGELOG][1.4.7-changelog]   | [v1.4.7 README][1.4.7-readme]   |\n| 1.4.6   | Mar 19, 2021 | [v1.4.6 CHANGELOG][1.4.6-changelog]   | [v1.4.6 README][1.4.6-readme]   |\n| 1.4.5   | Mar 18, 2021 | [v1.4.5 CHANGELOG][1.4.5-changelog]   | [v1.4.5 README][1.4.5-readme]   |\n| 1.4.4   | Feb 12, 2020 | [v1.4.4 CHANGELOG][1.4.4-changelog]   | [v1.4.4 README][1.4.4-readme]   |\n| 1.4.3   | Jan 29, 2020 | [v1.4.3 CHANGELOG][1.4.3-changelog]   | [v1.4.3 README][1.4.3-readme]   |\n| 1.4.2   | Oct 1, 2019  | [v1.4.2 CHANGELOG][1.4.2-changelog]   | [v1.4.2 README][1.4.2-readme]   |\n| 1.4.1   | Oct 13, 2018 | [v1.4.1 CHANGELOG][1.4.1-changelog]   | [v1.4.1 README][1.4.1-readme]   |\n| 1.4.0   | Jun 9, 2017  | [v1.4.0 CHANGELOG][1.4.0-changelog]   | [v1.4.0 README][1.4.0-readme]   |\n\u003c/details\u003e\n\n[1.4.11-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#1411---2022-09-16\n[1.4.10-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#1410---2022-07-01\n[1.4.9-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#149---2022-02-20\n[1.4.8-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#148---2022-02-18\n[1.4.7-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#147---2021-03-19\n[1.4.6-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#146---2021-03-19\n[1.4.5-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#145---2021-03-18\n[1.4.4-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#144---2020-02-12\n[1.4.3-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#143---2020-01-29\n[1.4.2-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#142---2019-10-01\n[1.4.1-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#141---2018-10-13\n[1.4.0-changelog]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md?ref_type=heads#140---2017-06-09\n\n[1.4.11-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.11/README.md\n[1.4.10-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.10/README.md\n[1.4.9-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.9/README.md\n[1.4.8-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.8/README.md\n[1.4.7-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.7/README.md\n[1.4.6-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.6/README.md\n[1.4.5-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.5/README.md\n[1.4.4-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.4/README.md\n[1.4.3-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.3/README.md\n[1.4.2-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.2/README.md\n[1.4.1-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.1/README.md\n[1.4.0-readme]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.4.0/README.md\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n  \u003csummary\u003e1.3.x Readmes\u003c/summary\u003e\n\n| Version  | Release Date | Readme                                                   |\n|----------|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------|\n| 1.3.1    | Mar 3, 2017  | https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.3.1/README.md |\n| 1.3.0    | Dec 27, 2016 | https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.3.0/README.md |\n\u003c/details\u003e\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n  \u003csummary\u003e\u0026le;= 1.2.x Readmes (2016 and before)\u003c/summary\u003e\n\n| Version  | Release Date | Readme                                                   |\n|----------|--------------|----------------------------------------------------------|\n| 1.2.0    | Jun 30, 2016 | https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.2.0/README.md |\n| 1.1.0    | Jan 30, 2016 | https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.1.0/README.md |\n| 1.0.0    | May 23, 2014 | https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/v1.0.0/README.md |\n| \u003c 1.0.0  | Find here    | https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/tags                  |\n\u003c/details\u003e\n\n## ✨ Installation\n\nInstall the gem and add to the application's Gemfile by executing:\n\n    $ bundle add oauth2\n\nIf bundler is not being used to manage dependencies, install the gem by executing:\n\n    $ gem install oauth2\n\n### 🔒 Secure Installation\n\n`oauth2` is cryptographically signed, and has verifiable [SHA-256 and SHA-512][💎SHA_checksums] checksums by\n[stone_checksums][💎stone_checksums]. Be sure the gem you install hasn’t been tampered with\nby following the instructions below.\n\nAdd my public key (if you haven’t already, expires 2045-04-29) as a trusted certificate:\n\n```shell\ngem cert --add \u003c(curl -Ls https://raw.github.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/main/certs/pboling.pem)\n```\n\nYou only need to do that once.  Then proceed to install with:\n\n```shell\ngem install oauth2 -P MediumSecurity\n```\n\nThe `MediumSecurity` trust profile will verify signed gems, but allow the installation of unsigned dependencies.\n\nThis is necessary because not all of `oauth2`’s dependencies are signed, so we cannot use `HighSecurity`.\n\nIf you want to up your security game full-time:\n\n```shell\nbundle config set --global trust-policy MediumSecurity\n```\n\nNOTE: Be prepared to track down certs for signed gems and add them the same way you added mine.\n\n## OAuth2 for Enterprise\n\nAvailable as part of the Tidelift Subscription.\n\nThe maintainers of this and thousands of other packages are working with Tidelift to deliver commercial support and maintenance for the open source packages you use to build your applications. Save time, reduce risk, and improve code health, while paying the maintainers of the exact packages you use. [Learn more.][tidelift-ref]\n\n[tidelift-ref]: https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/rubygems-oauth2?utm_source=rubygems-oauth2\u0026utm_medium=referral\u0026utm_campaign=enterprise\n\n## Security contact information\n\nTo report a security vulnerability, please use the [Tidelift security contact](https://tidelift.com/security).\nTidelift will coordinate the fix and disclosure.\n\nFor more see [SECURITY.md][🔐security].\n\n## What is new for v2.0?\n\n- Works with Ruby versions \u003e= 2.2\n- Drop support for the expired MAC Draft (all versions)\n- Support IETF rfc7515 JSON Web Signature - JWS (since v2.0.12)\n  - Support JWT `kid` for key discovery and management\n- Support IETF rfc7523 JWT Bearer Tokens (since v2.0.0)\n- Support IETF rfc7231 Relative Location in Redirect (since v2.0.0)\n- Support IETF rfc6749 Don't set oauth params when nil (since v2.0.0)\n- Support IETF rfc7009 Token Revocation (since v2.0.10)\n- Support [OIDC 1.0 Private Key JWT](https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#ClientAuthentication); based on the OAuth JWT assertion specification [(RFC 7523)](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7523)\n- Support new formats, including from [jsonapi.org](http://jsonapi.org/format/): `application/vdn.api+json`, `application/vnd.collection+json`, `application/hal+json`, `application/problem+json`\n- Adds option to `OAuth2::Client#get_token`:\n    - `:access_token_class` (`AccessToken`); user specified class to use for all calls to `get_token`\n- Adds option to `OAuth2::AccessToken#initialize`:\n    - `:expires_latency` (`nil`); number of seconds by which AccessToken validity will be reduced to offset latency\n- By default, keys are transformed to snake case.\n  - Original keys will still work as previously, in most scenarios, thanks to [snaky_hash][snaky_hash] gem.\n  - However, this is a _breaking_ change if you rely on `response.parsed.to_h` to retain the original case, and the original wasn't snake case, as the keys in the result will be snake case.\n  - As of version 2.0.4 you can turn key transformation off with the `snaky: false` option.\n- By default, the `:auth_scheme` is now `:basic_auth` (instead of `:request_body`)\n  - Third-party strategies and gems may need to be updated if a provider was requiring client id/secret in the request body\n- [... A lot more](https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md#200-2022-06-21-tag)\n\n[snaky_hash]: https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/snaky_hash\n\n## Compatibility\n\nTargeted ruby compatibility is non-EOL versions of Ruby, currently 3.2, 3.3, and 3.4.\nCompatibility is further distinguished as \"Best Effort Support\" or \"Incidental Support\" for older versions of Ruby.\nThis gem will install on Ruby versions \u003e= v2.2 for 2.x releases.\nSee `1-4-stable` branch for older rubies.\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n  \u003csummary\u003eRuby Engine Compatibility Policy\u003c/summary\u003e\n\nThis gem is tested against MRI, JRuby, and Truffleruby.\nEach of those has varying versions that target a specific version of MRI Ruby.\nThis gem should work in the just-listed Ruby engines according to the targeted MRI compatibility in the table below.\nIf you would like to add support for additional engines,\n  see [gemfiles/README.md](gemfiles/README.md), then submit a PR to the correct maintenance branch as according to the table below.\n\u003c/details\u003e\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n  \u003csummary\u003eRuby Version Compatibility Policy\u003c/summary\u003e\n\nIf something doesn't work on one of these interpreters, it's a bug.\n\nThis library may inadvertently work (or seem to work) on other Ruby\nimplementations, however support will only be provided for the versions listed\nabove.\n\nIf you would like this library to support another Ruby version, you may\nvolunteer to be a maintainer. Being a maintainer entails making sure all tests\nrun and pass on that implementation. When something breaks on your\nimplementation, you will be responsible for providing patches in a timely\nfashion. If critical issues for a particular implementation exist at the time\nof a major release, support for that Ruby version may be dropped.\n\u003c/details\u003e\n\n|     | Ruby OAuth2 Version | Maintenance Branch | Targeted Support     | Best Effort Support     | Incidental Support           |\n|:----|---------------------|--------------------|----------------------|-------------------------|------------------------------|\n| 1️⃣ | 2.0.x               | `main`             | 3.2, 3.3, 3.4        | 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 3.0, 3.1 | 2.2, 2.3, 2.4                |\n| 2️⃣ | 1.4.x               | `1-4-stable`       | 3.2, 3.3, 3.4        | 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 3.0, 3.1 | 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 |\n| 3️⃣ | older               | N/A                | Best of luck to you! | Please upgrade!         |                              |\n\nNOTE: The 1.4 series will only receive critical security updates.\nSee [SECURITY.md][🔐security].\n\n## 🔧 Basic Usage\n\n### Global Configuration\n\nYou can turn on additional warnings.\n\n```ruby\nOAuth2.configure do |config|\n  # Turn on a warning like:\n  #   OAuth2::AccessToken.from_hash: `hash` contained more than one 'token' key\n  config.silence_extra_tokens_warning = false # default: true\n  # Set to true if you want to also show warnings about no tokens\n  config.silence_no_tokens_warning = false # default: true,\nend\n```\n\nThe \"extra tokens\" problem comes from ambiguity in the spec about which token is the right token.\nSome OAuth 2.0 standards legitimately have multiple tokens.\nYou may need to subclass `OAuth2::AccessToken`, or write your own custom alternative to it, and pass it in.\nSpecify your custom class with the `access_token_class` option.\n\nIf you only need one token you can, as of v2.0.10,\nspecify the exact token name you want to extract via the `OAuth2::AccessToken` using\nthe `token_name` option.\n\nYou'll likely need to do some source diving.\nThis gem has 100% test coverage for lines and branches, so the specs are a great place to look for ideas.\nIf you have time and energy please contribute to the documentation!\n\n### `authorize_url` and `token_url` are on site root (Just Works!)\n\n```ruby\nrequire \"oauth2\"\nclient = OAuth2::Client.new(\"client_id\", \"client_secret\", site: \"https://example.org\")\n# =\u003e #\u003cOAuth2::Client:0x00000001204c8288 @id=\"client_id\", @secret=\"client_sec...\nclient.auth_code.authorize_url(redirect_uri: \"http://localhost:8080/oauth2/callback\")\n# =\u003e \"https://example.org/oauth/authorize?client_id=client_id\u0026redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A8080%2Foauth2%2Fcallback\u0026response_type=code\"\n\naccess = client.auth_code.get_token(\"authorization_code_value\", redirect_uri: \"http://localhost:8080/oauth2/callback\", headers: {\"Authorization\" =\u003e \"Basic some_password\"})\nresponse = access.get(\"/api/resource\", params: {\"query_foo\" =\u003e \"bar\"})\nresponse.class.name\n# =\u003e OAuth2::Response\n```\n\n### Relative `authorize_url` and `token_url` (Not on site root, Just Works!)\n\nIn above example, the default Authorization URL is `oauth/authorize` and default Access Token URL is `oauth/token`, and, as they are missing a leading `/`, both are relative.\n\n```ruby\nclient = OAuth2::Client.new(\"client_id\", \"client_secret\", site: \"https://example.org/nested/directory/on/your/server\")\n# =\u003e #\u003cOAuth2::Client:0x00000001204c8288 @id=\"client_id\", @secret=\"client_sec...\nclient.auth_code.authorize_url(redirect_uri: \"http://localhost:8080/oauth2/callback\")\n# =\u003e \"https://example.org/nested/directory/on/your/server/oauth/authorize?client_id=client_id\u0026redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A8080%2Foauth2%2Fcallback\u0026response_type=code\"\n```\n\n### Customize `authorize_url` and `token_url`\n\nYou can specify custom URLs for authorization and access token, and when using a leading `/` they will _not be relative_, as shown below:\n\n```ruby\nclient = OAuth2::Client.new(\n  \"client_id\",\n  \"client_secret\",\n  site: \"https://example.org/nested/directory/on/your/server\",\n  authorize_url: \"/jaunty/authorize/\",\n  token_url: \"/stirrups/access_token\",\n)\n# =\u003e #\u003cOAuth2::Client:0x00000001204c8288 @id=\"client_id\", @secret=\"client_sec...\nclient.auth_code.authorize_url(redirect_uri: \"http://localhost:8080/oauth2/callback\")\n# =\u003e \"https://example.org/jaunty/authorize/?client_id=client_id\u0026redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%3A8080%2Foauth2%2Fcallback\u0026response_type=code\"\nclient.class.name\n# =\u003e OAuth2::Client\n```\n\n### snake_case and indifferent access in Response#parsed\n\n```ruby\nresponse = access.get(\"/api/resource\", params: {\"query_foo\" =\u003e \"bar\"})\n# Even if the actual response is CamelCase. it will be made available as snaky:\nJSON.parse(response.body)         # =\u003e {\"accessToken\"=\u003e\"aaaaaaaa\", \"additionalData\"=\u003e\"additional\"}\nresponse.parsed                   # =\u003e {\"access_token\"=\u003e\"aaaaaaaa\", \"additional_data\"=\u003e\"additional\"}\nresponse.parsed.access_token      # =\u003e \"aaaaaaaa\"\nresponse.parsed[:access_token]    # =\u003e \"aaaaaaaa\"\nresponse.parsed.additional_data   # =\u003e \"additional\"\nresponse.parsed[:additional_data] # =\u003e \"additional\"\nresponse.parsed.class.name        # =\u003e SnakyHash::StringKeyed (from snaky_hash gem)\n```\n\n#### Serialization\n\nAs of v2.0.11, if you need to serialize the parsed result, you can!\n\nThere are two ways to do this, globally, or discretely.  The discrete way is recommended.\n\n##### Global Serialization Config\n\nGlobally configure `SnakyHash::StringKeyed` to use the serializer. Put this in your code somewhere reasonable (like an initializer for Rails).\n\n```ruby\nSnakyHash::StringKeyed.class_eval do\n  extend SnakyHash::Serializer\nend\n```\n\n##### Discrete Serialization Config\n\nDiscretely configure a custom Snaky Hash class to use the serializer.\n\n```ruby\nclass MySnakyHash \u003c SnakyHash::StringKeyed\n  # Give this hash class `dump` and `load` abilities!\n  extend SnakyHash::Serializer\nend\n\n# And tell your client to use the custom class in each call:\nclient = OAuth2::Client.new(\"client_id\", \"client_secret\", site: \"https://example.org/oauth2\")\ntoken = client.get_token({snaky_hash_klass: MySnakyHash})\n```\n\n##### Serialization Extensions\n\nThese extensions work regardless of whether you used the global or discrete config above.\n\nThere are a few hacks you may need in your class to support Ruby \u003c 2.4.2 or \u003c 2.6.\nThey are likely not needed if you are on a newer Ruby.\nSee [response_spec.rb](https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/blob/main/spec/oauth2/response_spec.rb) if you need to study the hacks for older Rubies.\n\n```ruby\nclass MySnakyHash \u003c SnakyHash::StringKeyed\n  # Give this hash class `dump` and `load` abilities!\n  extend SnakyHash::Serializer\n\n  #### Serialization Extentions\n  #\n  # Act on the non-hash values (including the values of hashes) as they are dumped to JSON\n  # In other words, this retains nested hashes, and only the deepest leaf nodes become bananas.\n  # WARNING: This is a silly example!\n  dump_value_extensions.add(:to_fruit) do |value|\n    \"banana\" # =\u003e Make values \"banana\" on dump\n  end\n\n  # Act on the non-hash values (including the values of hashes) as they are loaded from the JSON dump\n  # In other words, this retains nested hashes, and only the deepest leaf nodes become ***.\n  # WARNING: This is a silly example!\n  load_value_extensions.add(:to_stars) do |value|\n    \"***\" # Turn dumped bananas into *** when they are loaded\n  end\n\n  # Act on the entire hash as it is prepared for dumping to JSON\n  # WARNING: This is a silly example!\n  dump_hash_extensions.add(:to_cheese) do |value|\n    if value.is_a?(Hash)\n      value.transform_keys do |key|\n        split = key.split(\"_\")\n        first_word = split[0]\n        key.sub(first_word, \"cheese\")\n      end\n    else\n      value\n    end\n  end\n\n  # Act on the entire hash as it is loaded from the JSON dump\n  # WARNING: This is a silly example!\n  load_hash_extensions.add(:to_pizza) do |value|\n    if value.is_a?(Hash)\n      res = klass.new\n      value.keys.each_with_object(res) do |key, result|\n        split = key.split(\"_\")\n        last_word = split[-1]\n        new_key = key.sub(last_word, \"pizza\")\n        result[new_key] = value[key]\n      end\n      res\n    else\n      value\n    end\n  end\nend\n```\n\nSee [response_spec.rb](https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/blob/main/spec/oauth2/response_spec.rb), or the [oauth-xx/snaky_hash](https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/snaky_hash) gem for more ideas.\n\n#### What if I hate snakes and/or indifference?\n\n```ruby\nresponse = access.get(\"/api/resource\", params: {\"query_foo\" =\u003e \"bar\"}, snaky: false)\nJSON.parse(response.body)         # =\u003e {\"accessToken\"=\u003e\"aaaaaaaa\", \"additionalData\"=\u003e\"additional\"}\nresponse.parsed                   # =\u003e {\"accessToken\"=\u003e\"aaaaaaaa\", \"additionalData\"=\u003e\"additional\"}\nresponse.parsed[\"accessToken\"]    # =\u003e \"aaaaaaaa\"\nresponse.parsed[\"additionalData\"] # =\u003e \"additional\"\nresponse.parsed.class.name        # =\u003e Hash (just, regular old Hash)\n```\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n  \u003csummary\u003eDebugging \u0026 Logging\u003c/summary\u003e\n\nSet an environment variable as per usual (e.g. with [dotenv](https://github.com/bkeepers/dotenv)).\n\n```ruby\n# will log both request and response, including bodies\nENV[\"OAUTH_DEBUG\"] = \"true\"\n```\n\nBy default, debug output will go to `$stdout`. This can be overridden when\ninitializing your OAuth2::Client.\n\n```ruby\nrequire \"oauth2\"\nclient = OAuth2::Client.new(\n  \"client_id\",\n  \"client_secret\",\n  site: \"https://example.org\",\n  logger: Logger.new(\"example.log\", \"weekly\"),\n)\n```\n\u003c/details\u003e\n\n### OAuth2::Response\n\nThe `AccessToken` methods `#get`, `#post`, `#put` and `#delete` and the generic `#request`\nwill return an instance of the #OAuth2::Response class.\n\nThis instance contains a `#parsed` method that will parse the response body and\nreturn a Hash-like [`SnakyHash::StringKeyed`](https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/snaky_hash/-/blob/main/lib/snaky_hash/string_keyed.rb) if the `Content-Type` is `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` or if\nthe body is a JSON object.  It will return an Array if the body is a JSON\narray.  Otherwise, it will return the original body string.\n\nThe original response body, headers, and status can be accessed via their\nrespective methods.\n\n### OAuth2::AccessToken\n\nIf you have an existing Access Token for a user, you can initialize an instance\nusing various class methods including the standard new, `from_hash` (if you have\na hash of the values), or `from_kvform` (if you have an\n`application/x-www-form-urlencoded` encoded string of the values).\n\n### OAuth2::Error\n\nOn 400+ status code responses, an `OAuth2::Error` will be raised.  If it is a\nstandard OAuth2 error response, the body will be parsed and `#code` and `#description` will contain the values provided from the error and\n`error_description` parameters.  The `#response` property of `OAuth2::Error` will\nalways contain the `OAuth2::Response` instance.\n\nIf you do not want an error to be raised, you may use `:raise_errors =\u003e false`\noption on initialization of the client.  In this case the `OAuth2::Response`\ninstance will be returned as usual and on 400+ status code responses, the\nResponse instance will contain the `OAuth2::Error` instance.\n\n### Authorization Grants\n\nCurrently, the Authorization Code, Implicit, Resource Owner Password Credentials, Client Credentials, and Assertion\nauthentication grant types have helper strategy classes that simplify client\nuse. They are available via the [`#auth_code`](https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/lib/oauth2/strategy/auth_code.rb),\n[`#implicit`](https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/lib/oauth2/strategy/implicit.rb),\n[`#password`](https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/lib/oauth2/strategy/password.rb),\n[`#client_credentials`](https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/lib/oauth2/strategy/client_credentials.rb), and\n[`#assertion`](https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/blob/main/lib/oauth2/strategy/assertion.rb) methods respectively.\n\nThese aren't full examples, but demonstrative of the differences between usage for each strategy.\n```ruby\nauth_url = client.auth_code.authorize_url(redirect_uri: \"http://localhost:8080/oauth/callback\")\naccess = client.auth_code.get_token(\"code_value\", redirect_uri: \"http://localhost:8080/oauth/callback\")\n\nauth_url = client.implicit.authorize_url(redirect_uri: \"http://localhost:8080/oauth/callback\")\n# get the token params in the callback and\naccess = OAuth2::AccessToken.from_kvform(client, query_string)\n\naccess = client.password.get_token(\"username\", \"password\")\n\naccess = client.client_credentials.get_token\n\n# Client Assertion Strategy\n# see: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7523\nclaimset = {\n  iss: \"http://localhost:3001\",\n  aud: \"http://localhost:8080/oauth2/token\",\n  sub: \"me@example.com\",\n  exp: Time.now.utc.to_i + 3600,\n}\nassertion_params = [claimset, \"HS256\", \"secret_key\"]\naccess = client.assertion.get_token(assertion_params)\n\n# The `access` (i.e. access token) is then used like so:\naccess.token # actual access_token string, if you need it somewhere\naccess.get(\"/api/stuff\") # making api calls with access token\n```\n\nIf you want to specify additional headers to be sent out with the\nrequest, add a 'headers' hash under 'params':\n\n```ruby\naccess = client.auth_code.get_token(\"code_value\", redirect_uri: \"http://localhost:8080/oauth/callback\", headers: {\"Some\" =\u003e \"Header\"})\n```\n\nYou can always use the `#request` method on the `OAuth2::Client` instance to make\nrequests for tokens for any Authentication grant type.\n\n## 🔐 Security\n\nSee [SECURITY.md][🔐security].\n\n## 🤝 Contributing\n\nIf you need some ideas of where to help, you could work on adding more code coverage,\nor if it is already 💯 (see [below](#code-coverage)) check [issues][🤝gh-issues], or [PRs][🤝gh-pulls],\nor use the gem and think about how it could be better.\n\nWe [![Keep A Changelog][📗keep-changelog-img]][📗keep-changelog] so if you make changes, remember to update it.\n\nSee [CONTRIBUTING.md][🤝contributing] for more detailed instructions.\n\n### 🚀 Release Instructions\n\nSee [CONTRIBUTING.md][🤝contributing].\n\n### Code Coverage\n\n[![Coveralls Test Coverage][🔑coveralls-img]][🔑coveralls]\n[![QLTY Test Coverage][🔑qlty-covi♻️]][🔑qlty-cov]\n\n### 🪇 Code of Conduct\n\nEveryone interacting with this project's codebases, issue trackers,\nchat rooms and mailing lists agrees to follow the [![Contributor Covenant 2.1][🪇conduct-img]][🪇conduct].\n\n## 🌈 Contributors\n\n[![Contributors][🖐contributors-img]][🖐contributors]\n\nMade with [contributors-img][🖐contrib-rocks].\n\nAlso see GitLab Contributors: [https://gitlab.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/-/graphs/main][🚎contributors-gl]\n\n## ⭐️ Star History\n\n\u003ca href=\"https://star-history.com/#oauth-xx/oauth2\u0026Date\"\u003e\n \u003cpicture\u003e\n     \u003csource media=\"(prefers-color-scheme: dark)\"\n             srcset=\"https://api.star-history.com/svg?repos=oauth-xx/oauth2\u0026type=Date\u0026theme=dark\"/\u003e\n     \u003csource media=\"(prefers-color-scheme: light)\"\n             srcset=\"https://api.star-history.com/svg?repos=oauth-xx/oauth2\u0026type=Date\"/\u003e\n   \u003cimg alt=\"Star History Chart\" src=\"https://api.star-history.com/svg?repos=oauth-xx/oauth2\u0026type=Date\" /\u003e\n \u003c/picture\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\n\n## 📌 Versioning\n\nThis Library adheres to [![Semantic Versioning 2.0.0][📌semver-img]][📌semver].\nViolations of this scheme should be reported as bugs.\nSpecifically, if a minor or patch version is released that breaks backward compatibility,\na new version should be immediately released that restores compatibility.\nBreaking changes to the public API will only be introduced with new major versions.\n\n### 📌 Is \"Platform Support\" part of the public API?\n\nYes.  But I'm obligated to include notes...\n\nSemVer should, but doesn't explicitly, say that dropping support for specific Platforms\nis a *breaking change* to an API.\nIt is obvious to many, but not all, and since the spec is silent, the bike shedding is endless.\n\n\u003e dropping support for a platform is both obviously and objectively a breaking change\n\n- Jordan Harband (@ljharb, maintainer of SemVer) [in SemVer issue 716][📌semver-breaking]\n\nTo get a better understanding of how SemVer is intended to work over a project's lifetime,\nread this article from the creator of SemVer:\n\n- [\"Major Version Numbers are Not Sacred\"][📌major-versions-not-sacred]\n\nAs a result of this policy, and the interpretive lens used by the maintainer,\nyou can (and should) specify a dependency on these libraries using\nthe [Pessimistic Version Constraint][📌pvc] with two digits of precision.\n\nFor example:\n\n```ruby\nspec.add_dependency(\"oauth2\", \"~\u003e 2.0\")\n```\n\nSee [CHANGELOG.md][📌changelog] for a list of releases.\n\n## 📄 License\n\nThe gem is available as open source under the terms of\nthe [MIT License][📄license] [![License: MIT][📄license-img]][📄license-ref].\nSee [LICENSE.txt][📄license] for the official [Copyright Notice][📄copyright-notice-explainer].\n\n### © Copyright\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003e\n        Copyright (c) 2017–2025 Peter H. Boling, of\n        \u003ca href=\"https://discord.gg/3qme4XHNKN\"\u003e\n            Galtzo.com\n            \u003cpicture\u003e\n              \u003cimg src=\"https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth2/raw/main/docs/images/logo/galtzo-floss-logos-wordless.svg?raw=true\" alt=\"Galtzo.com Logo by Aboling0, CC BY-SA 4.0\" width=\"24\"\u003e\n            \u003c/picture\u003e\n        \u003c/a\u003e, and oauth2 contributors\n    \u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003e\n        Copyright (c) 2011-2013 Michael Bleigh and Intridea, Inc.\n    \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\n## 🤑 One more thing\n\nHaving arrived at the bottom of the page, please endure a final supplication.\nThe primary maintainer of this gem, Peter Boling, wants\nRuby to be a great place for people to solve problems, big and small.\nPlease consider supporting his efforts via the giant yellow link below,\nor one of smaller ones, depending on button size preference.\n\n[![Buy me a latte][🖇buyme-img]][🖇buyme]\n\n[![Liberapay Goal Progress][⛳liberapay-img]][⛳liberapay] [![Sponsor Me on Github][🖇sponsor-img]][🖇sponsor] [![Donate on Polar][🖇polar-img]][🖇polar] [![Donate to my FLOSS or refugee efforts at ko-fi.com][🖇kofi-img]][🖇kofi] [![Donate to my FLOSS or refugee efforts using Patreon][🖇patreon-img]][🖇patreon]\n\nP.S. Use the gem =\u003e Discord for help\n\n[![Live Chat on Discord][✉️discord-invite-img]][✉️discord-invite]\n\n[⛳liberapay-img]: https://img.shields.io/liberapay/goal/pboling.svg?logo=liberapay\n[⛳liberapay]: https://liberapay.com/pboling/donate\n[🖇sponsor-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/Sponsor_Me!-pboling.svg?style=social\u0026logo=github\n[🖇sponsor]: https://github.com/sponsors/pboling\n[🖇polar-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/polar-donate-yellow.svg\n[🖇polar]: https://polar.sh/pboling\n[🖇kofi-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/a_more_different_coffee-✓-yellow.svg\n[🖇kofi]: https://ko-fi.com/O5O86SNP4\n[🖇patreon-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/patreon-donate-yellow.svg\n[🖇patreon]: https://patreon.com/galtzo\n[🖇buyme-small-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/buy_me_a_coffee-✓-yellow.svg?style=flat\n[🖇buyme-img]: 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https://img.shields.io/badge/name-oauth2-brightgreen.svg?style=flat\u0026logo=rubygems\u0026logoColor=red\n[🚂bdfl-blog]: http://www.railsbling.com/tags/oauth2\n[🚂bdfl-blog-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/blog-railsbling-0093D0.svg?style=for-the-badge\u0026logo=rubyonrails\u0026logoColor=orange\n[🚂bdfl-contact]: http://www.railsbling.com/contact\n[🚂bdfl-contact-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/Contact-BDFL-0093D0.svg?style=flat\u0026logo=rubyonrails\u0026logoColor=red\n[💖🖇linkedin]: http://www.linkedin.com/in/peterboling\n[💖🖇linkedin-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/PeterBoling-LinkedIn-0B66C2?style=flat\u0026logo=newjapanprowrestling\n[💖✌️wellfound]: https://angel.co/u/peter-boling\n[💖✌️wellfound-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/peter--boling-orange?style=flat\u0026logo=wellfound\n[💖💲crunchbase]: https://www.crunchbase.com/person/peter-boling\n[💖💲crunchbase-img]: https://img.shields.io/badge/peter--boling-purple?style=flat\u0026logo=crunchbase\n[💖🐘ruby-mast]: 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