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MathMLNow - MathML with scriptless fallback\n\n\"Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) is a dialect of XML for describing mathematical notation and capturing both its structure and content.\" - [MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML)\n\nIn browsers that support it, MathML allows for the display of maths equations in a simple way that never pixilates, can be copied and pasted, and can be read by screen readers.\n\nBut because most browsers do _not_ support MathML, fallback content is necessary. Traditionally, this has been done with the JavaScript library [MathJax](https://www.mathjax.org/), but MathJax suffers from the same problem any JavaScript library has - it is a large download that slows down the users browsing; and doesn't work when JavaScript is turned off (or more likely, broken by another script on the page).\n\nMathMLNow is a Node package that produces a series of HTML tags that show MathML if available, gracefully degrading to an SVG image where MathMl is not supported.\n\nTo see an example of this technique in action, visit [this example page](https://sora2455.github.io/MathMlNow/).\n\n## Getting started\n\nMathMLNow provides a function in the file `./app.js`.\n\nThe file provided is called `MathMLNow`. To generate the MathMLNow used in the example file, the following commands were used:\n\n```JavaScript\n//Remember to escape '\\' characters!\nMathMLNow(\"x=\\\\frac{-b\\\\pm\\\\sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}\", {\n    formatName: \"TeX\",\n    fontSize: 18\n}).then((result) =\u003e console.log(\"Quadratic formula:\\n\" + result));\nMathMLNow(\"e^{i\\\\pi}+1=0\", {\n    formatName: \"TeX\",\n    fontSize: 30\n}).then((result) =\u003e console.log(\"Euler's identity:\\n\" + result));\nMathMLNow(\"\\\\int_0^{\\\\pi/6}\\\\sec\\\\left(y\\\\right)\\\\operatorname dy=\\\\ln\\\\left(\\\\sqrt3i^{64}\\\\right)\", {\n    formatName: \"TeX\",\n    fontSize: 16,\n    verticalMarginPercent: 20\n}).then((result) =\u003e console.log(\"Integral of the secant function:\\n\" + result));\n```\n\nIf you wish to replace inline math instances in a large file (say, a HTML page), then you can pipe it as a [vinyl](https://github.com/gulpjs/vinyl) stream:\n\n```JavaScript\nconst gulp = require('gulp');\nconst rename = require('gulp-rename');\nconst mmlN = require(\"math-ml-now\");\n\ngulp.task('mathReplace', () =\u003e {\n\tconst replacer = new mmlN.MathMlReplacer({\n\t\tformatName: \"TeX\",\n\t});\n\n\treturn gulp.src(\"**/*.pre.html\")\n\t\t.pipe(replacer)\n\t\t.pipe(rename(function (opt) {\n\t\t\topt.basename = opt.basename.replace('.pre', '');\n\t\t\treturn opt;\n\t\t}))\n\t\t.pipe(gulp.dest(function (file) {\n\t\t\treturn file.base;\n\t\t}));\n});\n```\n\nThis will replace any instance of Math inbetween two \"$$\" strings, with font-size, vertical margin percent, horizontal margin percent, and font-color all settable in optional paramaters (in that order) provided after the math string with \"||\" seperators.\n\nFor example, if you wanted the Euler's identity result from up above, you would place\n\n`$$e^{i\\pi}+1=0||30$$`\n\n(math string = \"e^{i\\pi}+1=0\", font-size = 30) wherever you wanted that math to appear.\n\nThe Integral of the secant function from up above would be expressed as\n\n`$$\\int_0^{\\pi/6}\\sec\\left(y\\right)\\operatorname dy=\\ln\\left(\\sqrt3i^{64}\\right)||16||20$$`\n\n(math string = \"\\int_0^{\\pi/6}\\sec\\left(y\\right)\\operatorname dy=\\ln\\left(\\sqrt3i^{64}\\right)\", font-size = 16, vertical margin percent = 20).\n\n## Using with [MathJax](https://www.mathjax.org/)\n\nIf you want to use this as a fallback and MathJax when possible, add this script to your page after where you included the MathJax script (IE9 and up):\n\n```JavaScript\nMathJax.Hub.Register.StartupHook(\"End Extensions\", function(){\n\tvar mathElements = document.querySelectorAll(\"foreignObject[requiredExtensions='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML'] math\");\n\tvar getParentSvg = Element.prototype.closest ?\n\t\tfunction(el) {return el.closest(\"svg\")} :\n\t\tfunction(el) {return el.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode};\n\tfor (var i = 0; i \u003c mathElements.length; i++) {\n\t\tvar mathElement = mathElements[i];\n\t\tvar parentSvg = getParentSvg(mathElement);\n\t\t//Extract the math from the SVG and remove the SVG\n\t\tparentSvg.parentNode.replaceChild(mathElement, parentSvg);\n\t}\n});\n```\n\n## Documentation\n\n`MathMLNow` takes two paramaters - a string representing the maths equation to render (in the same formats [MathJax-node](https://github.com/mathjax/MathJax-node) accepts, as that is what is used internally), and a `MathMLNowOptions` object.\n\n```TypeScript\ninterface MathMLNowOptions {\n    /**\n     * The format of the math input\n     */\n    formatName: \"TeX\" | \"inline-TeX\" | \"AsciiMath\" | \"MathML\";\n    /**\n     * Use to set the effective font-size (in pixels) of the maths expression (defaults to 18)\n     */\n    fontSize?: number;\n    /**\n     * Use to set the color of the rendered equation (defaults to black). 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