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awesome-self-reference

A curated list of examples of self-reference in art, science, and technology
https://github.com/aztek/awesome-self-reference

Last synced: 3 days ago
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  • Art

    • Triple Self-Portrait - A painting by Norman Rockwell.
    • Mise en abyme - A formal technique of placing a copy of an image within itself.
    • Droste effect - The effect of a picture recursively appearing within itself, in a place where a similar picture would realistically be expected to appear.
    • The Treachery of Images - A painting by René Magritte.
  • Language

    • Autogram - A sentence that describes itself in the sense of providing an inventory of its own characters.
    • Fumblerule - A rule of language or linguistic style, humorously written in such a way that it breaks this rule.
    • Recursive acronym - An acronym that refers to itself.
  • Mathematics

    • Liar's paradox - This sentence is false.
    • Russell's paradox - Does the set of all those sets that do not contain themselves contain itself?
    • Trott's constant - The unique number whose digits equal its continued fraction coefficients.
    • Tupper's self-referential formula - A formula that visually represents itself when graphed at a specific location in the (x, y) plane.
    • Life in Life - Conway's Game of Life running inside Conway's Game of Life using OTCA metapixels.
    • 13532385396179 - A number that is its own prime factorization, that is 13532385396179 = 13 × 53² × 3853 × 96179.
  • Computing

    • Quine - A computer program that takes no input and produces a copy of its own source code as its only output.
    • The Qlobe - A Ruby quine with an ASCII image of a globe in its source code that rotates by 45 degrees after each run, eventually coming around after eight runs.
    • html_wysiwyg - A truly naked, brutalist html quine.
    • hashquine_by_retr0id.png - A PNG image of the ouroboros that displays its own MD5 hash.
    • Meta-circular evaluator - An interpreter that defines each feature of the interpreted language using a similar facility of the interpreter's host language.
    • Fix-point combinator - A higher-order function fix that, for any function f that has an attractive fixed point, returns a fixed point x of that function.
    • Universal Turing machine - A Turing machine that can simulate an arbitrary Turing machine on arbitrary input.
    • Bootstrapping - A technique for producing a self-compiling compiler - that is, compiler (or assembler) written in the source programming language that it intends to compile.
    • Man man - Manual pager man page (accessed using `$ man man`).
    • An Ouroboros Quine - A Ruby program that generates Rust program that generates Scala program that generates (through 128 languages in total) REXX program that generates the original Ruby code again.
    • A radiation hardened quine - A Ruby quine that remains a quine after any one of the characters in its source code is removed.
    • quinesnake - A quine that plays snake over its own source.
    • A Micro-Manual for LISP - Not the whole truth - The LISP interpreter written in LISP.
  • Web

    • Wikipedia - An article about Wikipedia on Wikipedia.
    • Wayback Machine - Snapshots of The Internet Archive stored in The Internet Archive.
    • Quine Tweet - A tweet that quote tweets itself.
  • Other

    • Hofstadter's law - "It always takes longer than you expect, even when you take into account Hofstadter's Law".
    • Miniatur Wunderland - The world's largest model railway in Hamburg, Germany has a model of itself in its model of Hamburg.
    • Untitled Goose Game - The village where Untitled Goose Game takes place contains a small model version of itself, and also a tiny version of the model inside that.