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https://github.com/jonlamb-gh/air-gradient-pro-rs

Rust bootloader, firmware and CLI tools for the AirGradient PRO
https://github.com/jonlamb-gh/air-gradient-pro-rs

air-gradient bootloader emulation environment-monitoring firmware fota gas-index no-std nox-representation renode renode-run robot-framework rtic rust smoltcp voc-representation

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Rust bootloader, firmware and CLI tools for the AirGradient PRO

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# air-gradient-pro-rs



Firmware and tools for the [AirGradient PRO](https://www.airgradient.com/open-airgradient/kits/) kit

with some modifications.



The firmware is written in Rust and uses the [RTIC](https://rtic.rs/1/book/en/) framework.



![dashboard](resources/dashboard.png)

![startup](resources/startup.jpg)

![display.jpg](resources/display.jpg)

![prototype.jpg](resources/prototype.jpg)

![agp_renode.png](resources/agp_renode.png)



## Overview



I've modified an AirGradient PRO kit ([PCB Version 3.7](https://www.airgradient.com/open-airgradient/instructions/diy-pro-v37/)) mainly so I can have a wired ethernet connection.



Significant differences from stock:

* Replace the Wemos D1 Mini v4 with an stm32f411 "black pill" board

* Add a ENC28J60 Ethernet board

* Custom bootloader and firmware, written in Rust



## Features



* Bootloader with firmware update and failover rollback mechanisms

  - update manager task handles the update protocol in-application

  - see the [bootloader README](bootloader/README.md)

* TCP/IP stack ([smoltcp](https://github.com/smoltcp-rs/smoltcp)), comes with these protocols:

  - a lightweight [broadcast protocol](libraries/wire-protocols/src/broadcast.rs) for influx/etc integration

  - a [device protocol](libraries/wire-protocols/src/device.rs) for FOTA updates, device info, and device control

* CLI with command-line tools and InfluxDB relaying, see the [air-gradient-cli README](host_tools/air-gradient-cli/README.md)

* Configuration for network and device settings

* OLED display

* Emulation support via [Renode](https://renode.io/)



## Configuration



The [build.rs](./build.rs) file handles generating build-time configuration values based

on the github repository and host environment variables.



The following environment variables can be set:

* `AIR_GRADIENT_IP_ADDRESS` : The device's IP address, default is `192.168.1.38`

* `AIR_GRADIENT_MAC_ADDRESS` : The device's MAC address, default is `02:00:04:03:07:02`

* `AIR_GRADIENT_DEVICE_ID` : An arbitrary 16-bit identifier, default is `0xFFFF` (`DeviceId::DEFAULT`)

* `AIR_GRADIENT_BROADCAST_PORT` : The port number to send the broadcast protocol data on, default is `32100`

* `AIR_GRADIENT_BROADCAST_ADDRESS` : The IP address to send the broadcast protocol data to, default is `255.255.255.255`

* `AIR_GRADIENT_DEVICE_PORT` : The port number the device protocol socket listens on, default is `32101`

* `AIR_GRADIENT_LOG` : The max log level filter to use, default is `INFO`



## FOTA Updating



Update files (`agp_images.cpio`) are generated by a custom linker (see its [README](host_tools/agp-linker/README.md))

as part of the build process (`cargo build --release`).



* See the [device update](host_tools/air-gradient-cli/README.md#device-update) section of the

  CLI for more information on using the CLI.

* See the [Firmware Update Sequence](bootloader/README.md#update-sequence) section of the

  bootloader for more information on performing FOTA updates.

* See the [Design](bootloader/README.md#design) section of the bootloader for more

  information on how the update protocol and failover mechanism works.

* See the [Example Update Log](bootloader/README.md#example-update-log) section of the bootloader

  for example output from the bootloader and firmware throughout the update process.



```bash

air-gradient device update --address 192.168.1.38 path/to/agp_images.cpio

```



## Flashing



Initial flashing of the bootloader and firmware onto the board is currently done via SWD and an st-link.



The default [memory.x](memory.x) file is setup to use firmware slot 0 in flash, which is also

the default slot picked by the bootloader on initial setup.



You can use the [Development Artifacts](https://github.com/jonlamb-gh/air-gradient-pro-rs/actions/workflows/dev_artifacts.yml)

github action to build a custom-configured bootloader and firmware image in CI (click "Run workflow" and set the configuration fields)

or grab the latest release with the default configuration from the [Releases page](https://github.com/jonlamb-gh/air-gradient-pro-rs/releases).



### Using a github release artifact



1. Install [probe-rs-cli](https://crates.io/crates/probe-rs-cli)

  ```bash

  cargo install probe-rs-cli

  ```

2. Flash the target using the ELF files

  ```bash

  probe-rs-cli run --chip STM32F411CEUx --protocol swd path/to/bootloader

  probe-rs-cli run --chip STM32F411CEUx --protocol swd path/to/air-gradient-pro

  ```



### Building from source



1. Install [cargo-embed](https://crates.io/crates/cargo-embed) and [flip-link](https://crates.io/crates/flip-link)

  ```bash

  cargo install cargo-embed flip-link

  ```

2. Build the bootloader and flash the target

  ```bash

  cd bootloader/

  cargo embed --release

  ```

2. Build the firmware and flash the target

  ```bash

  cd firmware/

  cargo embed --release

  ```



Log messages are available on pin PA11 (USART6 Tx), you should see output like the following:



```

************************************************************

agp-bootloader 0.1.0 (release)

Build date: Mon, 24 Apr 2023 14:28:38 +0000

Compiler: rustc 1.69.0 (84c898d65 2023-04-16)

Commit: 3023a001f2ab011406a3e58dd8e328cb4502737a

Reset reason: Software reset

Boot config slot: SLOT0

Update pending: false

Update valid: false

************************************************************

############################################################

air-gradient-pro-rs 0.2.0 (release)

Build date: Mon, 24 Apr 2023 14:35:08 +0000

Compiler: rustc 1.69.0 (84c898d65 2023-04-16)

Commit: 3023a001f2ab011406a3e58dd8e328cb4502737a

Serial number: 303233313036517042018

Device ID: 0x1 (1)

IP address: 192.168.1.38

MAC address: 02-00-04-03-07-02

Broadcast protocol port: 32100

Broadcast protocol address: 255.255.255.255

Device protocol port: 32101

Reset reason: Software reset

Update pending: false

############################################################

Setup: startup delay 5 seconds

Setup: boot config

Setup: S8 LP

Setup: PMS5003

Setup: I2C2

Setup: SH1106

Setup: SHT31

Setup: SGP41

Setup: ETH

Setup: TCP/IP

Setup: net clock timer

Setup: net poll timer

>>> Initialized <<<

```



## Renode Emulation



The default Cargo runner for the bootloader and firmware is set to

[`renode-run`](https://crates.io/crates/renode-run).



1. Install [Renode](https://renode.io/) (currently requires nightly, tested against `1.14.0+20231008gitebcb1b6b`)

2. Install [renode-run](https://crates.io/crates/renode-run)

  ```bash

  cargo install renode-run

  ```

3. Setup TAP device and networking on the host (requires root)

  ```bash

  sudo ./renode/setup-network.sh

  ```

4. Configure the environment per the [configuration section](#configuration).

   `AIR_GRADIENT_MAC_ADDRESS` is required to match

   the renode-run configuration in [Cargo.toml](firmware/Cargo.toml)

  ```bash

  export AIR_GRADIENT_MAC_ADDRESS=02:00:04:03:07:04

  export AIR_GRADIENT_IP_ADDRESS=192.0.2.80

  ```

5. Run the bootloader or the firmware

  ```bash

  cd firmware/

  cargo run --release

  ```

6. Use the [air-gradient CLI](host_tools/air-gradient-cli/README.md) to interact with the system



Alternatively, there's also a [agp.resc](renode/agp.resc) script that can be used to emulate the full system

with the bootloader and the firmware, which can be used to test the firmware update procedure.



```bash

# Assumes the bootloader and firmware ELF files have already been built

renode renode/agp.resc



# Run the 'start' command in the renode console

```



## Robot Framework Tests



The system-level integration tests are written in [Robot Framework](https://robotframework.org) and

use [Renode's integration](https://renode.readthedocs.io/en/latest/introduction/testing.html) to drive it.



1. Install [Renode](https://renode.io/) (currently requires nightly, tested against `1.14.0+20231008gitebcb1b6b`)

2. Install [Robot Framework](https://robotframework.org)

  ```bash

  pip install robotframework==6.0.2

  ```

3. Setup TAP device and networking on the host (requires root)

  ```bash

  sudo ./renode/setup-network.sh

  ```

4. Run the tests

  ```bash

  renode-test agp.robot

  ```



## System Architecture



![system_architecture.png](doc/system_architecture.png)



## RTIC Task and System Timings



NOTE: some of the measurement periods are inaccurate (like the S8 LP), need to read the docs again.

Also, the relative start times are not accurate.



![timing.png](doc/timing.png)



![pms_timing.png](doc/pms_timing.png)



## Hardware



* STM32F411 "black pill"

  - [WeActStudio github](https://github.com/WeActStudio/WeActStudio.MiniSTM32F4x1#stm32f411ceu6-core-board)

  - [pinout diagram](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WeActStudio/WeActStudio.MiniSTM32F4x1/master/images/STM32F4x1_PinoutDiagram_RichardBalint.png)

  - [refman](https://www.st.com/resource/en/reference_manual/dm00119316-stm32f411xc-e-advanced-arm-based-32-bit-mcus-stmicroelectronics.pdf)

  - [datasheet](https://www.st.com/resource/en/datasheet/stm32f411ce.pdf)

* ENC28J60 Ethernet board

  - [Waveshare wiki](https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/ENC28J60_Ethernet_Board)

  - [datasheet](https://www.waveshare.com/w/upload/7/7f/ENC28J60.pdf)

  - [errata](https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/80349b.pdf)

* AirGradient PRO V3.7 kit

  - [kit page](https://www.airgradient.com/open-airgradient/instructions/diy-pro-v37/)

  - [schematic](https://www.airgradient.com/images/diy/schematicpro37.png)

  - [Arduino code github](https://github.com/airgradienthq/arduino)

  - [Factory firmware](https://github.com/airgradienthq/arduino/blob/master/examples/DIY_PRO_V3_7/DIY_PRO_V3_7.ino)

* SH1106 OLED

  - [datasheet](https://www.velleman.eu/downloads/29/infosheets/sh1106_datasheet.pdf)

* Sensirion SHT31 (temperature/humidity sensor)

  - [datasheet](https://www.mouser.com/datasheet/2/682/Sensirion_Humidity_Sensors_SHT3x_Datasheet_digital-971521.pdf)

* Senseair S8 LP (CO2 sensor)

  - [product page](https://senseair.com/products/size-counts/s8-lp/)

  - [doc](https://rmtplusstoragesenseair.blob.core.windows.net/docs/publicerat/PSP126.pdf)

  - [doc](https://rmtplusstoragesenseair.blob.core.windows.net/docs/Dev/publicerat/TDE2067.pdf)

* PMS5003 (particle concentration sensor)

  - [manual](https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/aq-spec/resources-page/plantower-pms5003-manual_v2-3.pdf)

* Sensirion SGP41 (TVOC/NOx sensor)

  - [product page](https://sensirion.com/products/catalog/SGP41/)

  - [datasheet](https://www.mouser.com/datasheet/2/682/Sensirion_Gas_Sensors_Datasheet_SGP41-2604356.pdf)

* AMS1117-3.3 regulator

  - [Amazon link](https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B07CP4P5XJ/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_asin_title_o00_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1)



### Pins



| Pin   | Peripheral    | Board D1 Mini Header Pin | Description |

| :---  |    :---       |     :---                 |   :---      |

| PA11  | USART6 Tx     | TX | Console/logger/panic-handler output |

| PA12  | USART6 Rx     | RX | Console input (not used currenlty) |

| PA9   | USART1 Tx     | D3 | senseAir S8 Rx |

| PA10  | USART1 Rx     | D4 | senseAir S8 Tx |

| PA2   | USART2 Tx     | D6 | PMS5003 Rx |

| PA3   | USART2 Rx     | D5 | PMS5003 Tx |

| PB3   | I2C2 SDA      | D1 | Shared I2C SCL : SH1106, SHT31, SGP41 |

| PB10  | I2C2 SCL      | D2 | Shared I2C SDA : SH1106, SHT31, SGP41 |

| PB13  | SPI2 SCK      | NC | ENC28J60 Eth SCK |

| PB14  | SPI2 MISO     | NC | ENC28J60 Eth MISO |

| PB15  | SPI2 MOSI     | NC | ENC28J60 Eth MOSI |

| PB12  | GPIO Output   | NC | ENC28J60 Eth CS |

| PA8   | GPIO Input    | NC | ENC28J60 Eth INT |

| PB1   | GPIO Output   | NC | ENC28J60 Eth RESET |

| PC13  | GPIO Output   | NC | On-board LED |



## License



Licensed under either of



- Apache License, Version 2.0 ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or

  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)

- MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)



at your option.



### Contribution



Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted

for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be

dual licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.