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https://github.com/franzose/ClosureTable

Adjacency List’ed Closure Table database design pattern implementation for the Laravel framework.
https://github.com/franzose/ClosureTable

closure-table database hierarchical-data laravel php tree

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Adjacency List’ed Closure Table database design pattern implementation for the Laravel framework.

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README 

        
# ClosureTable

[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/franzose/ClosureTable.png)](https://travis-ci.org/franzose/ClosureTable)

[![Latest Release](https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/franzose/ClosureTable)](https://packagist.org/packages/franzose/closure-table)

[![Total Downloads](https://poser.pugx.org/franzose/closure-table/downloads.png)](https://packagist.org/packages/franzose/closure-table)



This is a database manipulation package for the Laravel 5.4+ framework. You may want to use it when you need to store and operate hierarchical data in your database. The package is an implementation of a well-known design pattern called [closure table](https://www.slideshare.net/billkarwin/models-for-hierarchical-data). However, in order to simplify and optimize SQL `SELECT` queries, it uses adjacency lists to query direct parent/child relationships.



Contents:

- [Installation](#installation)

- [Setup](#setup)

- [Requirements](#requirements)

- Examples → [List of Scopes](#scopes)

- Examples → [Parent/Root](#parentroot)

- Examples → [Ancestors](#ancestors)

- Examples → [Descendants](#descendants)

- Examples → [Children](#children)

- Examples → [Siblings](#siblings)

- Examples → [Tree](#tree)

- Examples → [Collection Methods](#collection-methods)



## Installation

It's strongly recommended to use [Composer](https://getcomposer.org) to install the package:

```bash

$ composer require franzose/closure-table

```



If you use Laravel 5.5+, the package's service provider is automatically registered for you thanks to the [package auto-discovery](https://laravel.com/docs/7.x/packages#package-discovery) feature. Otherwise, you have to manually add it to your `config/app.php`:

```php

 [

        Franzose\ClosureTable\ClosureTableServiceProvider::class

    ]

];

```



## Setup

In a basic scenario, you can simply run the following command:

```bash

$ php artisan closuretable:make Node

```

Where `Node` is the name of the entity model. This is what you get from running the above:


1. Two models in the `app` directory: `App\Node` and `App\NodeClosure`


2. A new migration in the `database/migrations` directory



As you can see, the command requires a single argument, name of the entity model. However, it accepts several options in order to provide some sort of customization:

 Option          | Alias | Meaning 

 ----------------| ------| -------

 namespace       | ns    | Custom namespace for generated models. Keep in mind that the given namespace will override  model namespaces: `php artisan closuretable:make Foo\\Node --namespace=Qux --closure=Bar\\NodeTree` will generate `Qux\Node` and `Qux\NodeTree` models.

 entity-table    | et    | Database table name for the entity model       

 closure         | c     | Class name for the closure model

 closure-table   | ct    | Database table name for the closure model

 models-path     | mdl   | Directory in which to put generated models

 migrations-path | mgr   | Directory in which to put generated migrations

 use-innodb      | i     | This flag will tell the generator to set database engine to InnoDB. Useful only if you use MySQL



## Requirements

You have to keep in mind that, by design of this package, the models/tables have a required minimum of attributes/columns:



Entity



Attribute/Column

Customized by

Meaning



parent_id

Entity::getParentIdColumn()

ID of the node's immediate parent, simplifies queries for immediate parent/child nodes.



position

Entity::getPositionColumn()

Node position, allows to order nodes of the same depth level



ClosureTable



Attribute/Column

Customized by

Meaning



id



ancestor

ClosureTable::getAncestorColumn()

Parent (self, immediate, distant) node ID



descendant

ClosureTable::getDescendantColumn()

Child (self, immediate, distant) node ID



depth

ClosureTable::getDepthColumn()

Current nesting level, 0+



## Examples

In the examples, let's assume that we've set up a `Node` model which extends the `Franzose\ClosureTable\Models\Entity` model.



### Scopes

Since ClosureTable 6, a lot of query scopes have become available in the Entity model:



```php

ancestors()

ancestorsOf($id)

ancestorsWithSelf()

ancestorsWithSelfOf($id)

descendants()

descendantsOf($id)

descendantsWithSelf()

descendantsWithSelfOf($id)

childNode()

childNodeOf($id)

childAt(int $position)

childOf($id, int $position)

firstChild()

firstChildOf($id)

lastChild()

lastChildOf($id)

childrenRange(int $from, int $to = null)

childrenRangeOf($id, int $from, int $to = null)

sibling()

siblingOf($id)

siblings()

siblingsOf($id)

neighbors()

neighborsOf($id)

siblingAt(int $position)

siblingOfAt($id, int $position)

firstSibling()

firstSiblingOf($id)

lastSibling()

lastSiblingOf($id)

prevSibling()

prevSiblingOf($id)

prevSiblings()

prevSiblingsOf($id)

nextSibling()

nextSiblingOf($id)

nextSiblings()

nextSiblingsOf($id)

siblingsRange(int $from, int $to = null)

siblingsRangeOf($id, int $from, int $to = null)

```



You can learn how to use query scopes from the [Laravel documentation](https://laravel.com/docs/7.x/eloquent#query-scopes).



### Parent/Root

```php

 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 2]),

    new Node(['id' => 3]),

    new Node(['id' => 4, 'parent_id' => 1])

];



foreach ($nodes as $node) {

    $node->save();

}



Node::getRoots()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [1, 2, 3]

Node::find(1)->isRoot(); // true

Node::find(1)->isParent(); // true

Node::find(4)->isRoot(); // false

Node::find(4)->isParent(); // false



// make node 4 a root at the fourth position (1 => 0, 2 => 1, 3 => 2, 4 => 3)

$node = Node::find(4)->makeRoot(3);

$node->isRoot(); // true

$node->position; // 3



Node::find(4)->moveTo(0, Node::find(2)); // same as Node::find(4)->moveTo(0, 2);

Node::find(2)->getChildren()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [4]

```



### Ancestors

```php

 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 2, 'parent_id' => 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 3, 'parent_id' => 2]),

    new Node(['id' => 4, 'parent_id' => 3])

];



foreach ($nodes as $node) {

    $node->save();

}



Node::find(4)->getAncestors()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [1, 2, 3]

Node::find(4)->countAncestors(); // 3

Node::find(4)->hasAncestors(); // true

Node::find(4)->ancestors()->where('id', '>', 1)->get()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3];

Node::find(4)->ancestorsWithSelf()->where('id', '>', 1)->get()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3, 4];

Node::ancestorsOf(4)->where('id', '>', 1)->get()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3];

Node::ancestorsWithSelfOf(4)->where('id', '>', 1)->get()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3, 4];

```



There are several methods that have been deprecated since ClosureTable 6:



```diff

-Node::find(4)->getAncestorsTree();

+Node::find(4)->getAncestors()->toTree();



-Node::find(4)->getAncestorsWhere('id', '>', 1);

+Node::find(4)->ancestors()->where('id', '>', 1)->get();

```



### Descendants

```php

 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 2, 'parent_id' => 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 3, 'parent_id' => 2]),

    new Node(['id' => 4, 'parent_id' => 3])

];



foreach ($nodes as $node) {

    $node->save();

}



Node::find(1)->getDescendants()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3, 4]

Node::find(1)->countDescendants(); // 3

Node::find(1)->hasDescendants(); // true

Node::find(1)->descendants()->where('id', '<', 4)->get()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3];

Node::find(1)->descendantsWithSelf()->where('id', '<', 4)->get()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [1, 2, 3];

Node::descendantsOf(1)->where('id', '<', 4)->get()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3];

Node::descendantsWithSelfOf(1)->where('id', '<', 4)->get()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [1, 2, 3];

```



There are several methods that have been deprecated since ClosureTable 6:



```diff

-Node::find(4)->getDescendantsTree();

+Node::find(4)->getDescendants()->toTree();



-Node::find(4)->getDescendantsWhere('foo', '=', 'bar');

+Node::find(4)->descendants()->where('foo', '=', 'bar')->get();

```



### Children

```php

 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 2, 'parent_id' => 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 3, 'parent_id' => 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 4, 'parent_id' => 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 5, 'parent_id' => 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 6, 'parent_id' => 2]),

    new Node(['id' => 7, 'parent_id' => 3])

];



foreach ($nodes as $node) {

    $node->save();

}



Node::find(1)->getChildren()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3, 4, 5]

Node::find(1)->countChildren(); // 3

Node::find(1)->hasChildren(); // true



// get child at the second position (positions start from zero)

Node::find(1)->getChildAt(1)->id; // 3



Node::find(1)->getChildrenRange(1)->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [3, 4, 5]

Node::find(1)->getChildrenRange(0, 2)->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3, 4]



Node::find(1)->getFirstChild()->id; // 2

Node::find(1)->getLastChild()->id; // 5



Node::find(6)->countChildren(); // 0

Node::find(6)->hasChildren(); // false



Node::find(6)->addChild(new Node(['id' => 7]));



Node::find(1)->addChildren([new Node(['id' => 8]), new Node(['id' => 9])], 2);

Node::find(1)->getChildren()->pluck('position', 'id')->toArray(); // [2 => 0, 3 => 1, 8 => 2, 9 => 3, 4 => 4, 5 => 5]



// remove child by its position

Node::find(1)->removeChild(2);

Node::find(1)->getChildren()->pluck('position', 'id')->toArray(); // [2 => 0, 3 => 1, 9 => 2, 4 => 3, 5 => 4]



Node::find(1)->removeChildren(2, 4);

Node::find(1)->getChildren()->pluck('position', 'id')->toArray(); // [2 => 0, 3 => 1]

```



### Siblings

```php

 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 2, 'parent_id' => 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 3, 'parent_id' => 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 4, 'parent_id' => 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 5, 'parent_id' => 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 6, 'parent_id' => 1]),

    new Node(['id' => 7, 'parent_id' => 1])

];



foreach ($nodes as $node) {

    $node->save();

}



Node::find(7)->getFirstSibling()->id; // 2

Node::find(7)->getSiblingAt(0); // 2

Node::find(2)->getLastSibling(); // 7

Node::find(7)->getPrevSibling()->id; // 6

Node::find(7)->getPrevSiblings()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

Node::find(7)->countPrevSiblings(); // 5

Node::find(7)->hasPrevSiblings(); // true



Node::find(2)->getNextSibling()->id; // 3

Node::find(2)->getNextSiblings()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [3, 4, 5, 6, 7]

Node::find(2)->countNextSiblings(); // 5

Node::find(2)->hasNextSiblings(); // true



Node::find(3)->getSiblings()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 4, 5, 6, 7]

Node::find(3)->getNeighbors()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 4]

Node::find(3)->countSiblings(); // 5

Node::find(3)->hasSiblings(); // true



Node::find(2)->getSiblingsRange(2)->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [4, 5, 6, 7]

Node::find(2)->getSiblingsRange(2, 4)->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [4, 5, 6]



Node::find(4)->addSibling(new Node(['id' => 8]));

Node::find(4)->getNextSiblings()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [5, 6, 7, 8]



Node::find(4)->addSibling(new Node(['id' => 9]), 1);

Node::find(1)->getChildren()->pluck('position', 'id')->toArray();

// [2 => 0, 9 => 1, 3 => 2, 4 => 3, 5 => 4, 6 => 5, 7 => 6, 8 => 7]



Node::find(8)->addSiblings([new Node(['id' => 10]), new Node(['id' => 11])]);

Node::find(1)->getChildren()->pluck('position', 'id')->toArray();

// [2 => 0, 9 => 1, 3 => 2, 4 => 3, 5 => 4, 6 => 5, 7 => 6, 8 => 7, 10 => 8, 11 => 9]



Node::find(2)->addSiblings([new Node(['id' => 12]), new Node(['id' => 13])], 3);

Node::find(1)->getChildren()->pluck('position', 'id')->toArray();

// [2 => 0, 9 => 1, 3 => 2, 12 => 3, 13 => 4, 4 => 5, 5 => 6, 6 => 7, 7 => 8, 8 => 9, 10 => 10, 11 => 11]

```



### Tree

```php

 1,

    'children' => [

        [

            'id' => 2,

            'children' => [

                [

                    'id' => 3,

                    'children' => [

                        [

                            'id' => 4,

                            'children' => [

                                [

                                    'id' => 5,

                                    'children' => [

                                        [

                                            'id' => 6,

                                        ]

                                    ]

                                ]

                            ]

                        ]

                    ]

                ]

            ]

        ]

    ]

]);



Node::find(4)->deleteSubtree();

Node::find(1)->getDescendants()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3, 4]



Node::find(4)->deleteSubtree(true);

Node::find(1)->getDescendants()->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3]

```



There are several methods that have been deprecated since ClosureTable 6:



```diff

-Node::getTree();

-Node::getTreeByQuery(...);

-Node::getTreeWhere('foo', '=', 'bar');

+Node::where('foo', '=', 'bar')->get()->toTree();

```



### Collection methods

This library uses an extended collection class which offers some convenient methods:



```php

 1,

    'children' => [

        ['id' => 2],

        ['id' => 3],

        ['id' => 4],

        ['id' => 5],

        [

            'id' => 6,

            'children' => [

                ['id' => 7],

                ['id' => 8],

            ]

        ],

    ]

]);



/** @var Franzose\ClosureTable\Extensions\Collection $children */

$children = Node::find(1)->getChildren();

$children->getChildAt(1)->id; // 3

$children->getFirstChild()->id; // 2

$children->getLastChild()->id; // 6

$children->getRange(1)->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [3, 4, 5, 6]

$children->getRange(1, 3)->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [3, 4, 5]

$children->getNeighbors(2)->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [3, 5]

$children->getPrevSiblings(2)->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [2, 3]

$children->getNextSiblings(2)->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [5, 6]

$children->getChildrenOf(4)->pluck('id')->toArray(); // [7, 8]

$children->hasChildren(4); // true

$tree = $children->toTree();

```