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https://github.com/jondgoodwin/cone

Cone Programming Language
https://github.com/jondgoodwin/cone

compiler concurrency cone memory-management programming-language systems-language type-safety web3d webassembly

Last synced: 4 months ago
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Cone Programming Language

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README 

        
# Cone Programming Language

Cone is a fast, fit, friendly, and safe systems programming language.

It features:



- Do-it-your-way memory management

- Versatile type system (incl. variant types and slices)

- Memory, thread & type safe

- Extensive code reuse features

- Lean, native runtime

- Concise, readable syntax



The Cone compiler is currently under development.

The current status and next steps are documented in [PLAN.md][plan].



## Documentation and Other Resources



 - [Cone web site](http://cone.jondgoodwin.com)

 - [Web-based playground][playground], offering pre-built examples in a drop-down

 - [Cone Language Reference][coneref] documentation

 - [Programming Linguistics blog](http://pling.jondgoodwin.com)

 

The [Cone home repository](https://github.com/jondgoodwin/conehome)

offers a rudimentary build environment for Cone programs,

including the Congo build tool and additional example Cone programs.



## Language Features



When finished, Cone will support these features:



- Safely manage memory your way

  - Lexical, single-owner strategy for performance

  - Ref-counted or tracing GC for flexibility

  - Lifetime-constrained references for performance/simplicity

  - Custom allocators (pools/arenas) for performance

- Lightweight concurrency

  - Co-routines, threads and actors

  - Lockless and locked permissions for safe data sharing

- Compile-time memory, type, and concurrency safety

- Robust type system

  - Sum types, structs, arrays, slices, ranges, aliases

  - struct subtyping via trait, & delegated inheritance

  - Attach methods to any nominal type

- Modules, macros, templates and meta-programming

- Extensible pattern matching

  - 'match' blocks using custom match methods

  - Content extraction during matching

- Functions, Methods and Closures

  - Multiple return values and implicit return

  - Computed properties

- 'with' block for context management

- Concise, readable code:

  - 'this'-implied prefix operators for method cascading, etc.

  - Operator overloading

  - Type inference

  - Parallel assignment

  - Auto-detected off-side rule

  - Blocks and 'if' are expressions

- Unicode-aware (UTF8) text strings and variable names

- Fast compilation and convenient packaging



## Building (Windows)



A Visual Studio C++ solution can be created using the Cone.vcxproj project file.

The generated object and executable files are created relative to the location of the 

solutions file. 



The build depends on [LLVM 13][llvm] being installed and libs/includes found at $(LLVMDIR).



Building LLVM on Windows can be a pain. Some notes:



1. Download llvm-13.0.0.src.tar.xz from https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/releases 

2. Extract the src to a path having no spaces (e.g., D:\libs\llvm-13.0.0.src)

3. Make sure you have a recent version of CMake (which has CMake-GUI)

4. Use CMake-GUI to configure. Fill in the source folder (above) and a new target folder (D:\libs\llvm-13.0.0.build) and hit Configure button

   - When it asks if build folder should be created, say Yes

   - When it prompts for a generator, specify the Visual Studio version installed (e.g., 15).

   - In next drop down, select "Win32" to build 32-bit compiler.

5. In CMake-Gui, change defaults if you want (e.g., 32-bit target triple is i686-pc-win32), and then hit "Generate" button.

6. From build folder, double clicked on llvm.sln file to open Visual Studio. 

   - Select Release, and then build ALL_BUILD

   - Select Debug, and then build ALL_BUILD. (fails if not enough memory, shut all pgms off)

7. Copy llvm-c from llvm-13.0.0.src/include to llvm-13.0.0.build/include

8) In command prompt: setx LLVMDIR d:\libs\llvm-13.0.0.build\



## Building (Linux and WSL in Windows)



To build on Linux:



	sudo apt-get install llvm-13-dev

	cmake .

	make



Note: Sometimes, it is necessary to custom-build LLVM, e.g.:



	mkdir llvm

	cd llvm

	svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm-src

	cd llvm-src/tools

	svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk clang

	svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/lld/trunk lld

	cd ../..

	mkdir llvm-build

	cd llvm-build

	CC=clang CXX=clang++ cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DLLVM_BUILD_LLVM_DYLIB=ON -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/llvm/wasm -DLLVM_EXPERIMENTAL_TARGETS_TO_BUILD=WebAssembly /llvm/llvm-src

	make

	make install



## Building (Mac OS)



To build on Mac OS:*



	brew install --with-toolchain llvm

	llvm-config --bindir



CMake will auto-detect LLVM, so all you should need to do:



	cmake .

	make



More detailed instructions: https://github.com/git-yledu/cone-misc/blob/main/install_cone_on_mac.md



## License



The Cone programming language compiler is distributed under the terms of the MIT license. 

See LICENSE and COPYRIGHT for details.



[3dweb]: http://cone.jondgoodwin.com/web3d.html

[gmm]: http://jondgoodwin.com/pling/gmm.pdf

[plan]: https://github.com/jondgoodwin/cone/blob/master/PLAN.md

[coneref]: http://cone.jondgoodwin.com/coneref/index.html

[showcase]: http://cone.jondgoodwin.com/coneref/showcase.html

[playground]: http://cone.jondgoodwin.com/play/index.html

[examples]: http://github.com/jondgoodwin/cone/tree/master/text

[acorn]: https://github.com/jondgoodwin/acornvm

[acornref]: http://web3d.jondgoodwin.com/acorn

[llvm]: https://llvm.org/



[hello]: http://cone.jondgoodwin.com/play/index.html?gist=f55a8caa2605a11223437167730c53af

[pi]: http://cone.jondgoodwin.com/play/index.html?gist=4510655502edcde9d50d185cfd7f3c2e

[perm]: http://cone.jondgoodwin.com/play/index.html?gist=96ecaecb4827c2b9e6aaad35feb2bfd1

[struct]: http://cone.jondgoodwin.com/play/index.html?gist=cd702c7c1ffc8f97d7762735d04fd9de