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https://github.com/Binlogo-Archive/iOS-Practice-Checklist

iOS 精进与实践检查清单
https://github.com/Binlogo-Archive/iOS-Practice-Checklist

best-practice ios ios-app ios-swift

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iOS 精进与实践检查清单

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README 

        
# iOS 实践与精进检查清单



> 回顾即开始



## 目录



1. [开始项目](#开始项目)

2. [实用公共库](#实用公共库)

3. [架构](#架构)

4. [数据储存](#数据储存)

5. [资源](#资源)

6. [编码规范](#编码规范)

7. [安全性](#安全性)

8. [诊断](#诊断)



## 开始项目



### Xcode



- [ ] [Apple 帮助 - Xcode](https://help.apple.com/xcode/mac)

- [ ] 自定义项目信息配置 - IDETemplateMacros.plist



  - [帮助文档](https://help.apple.com/xcode/mac/9.0/index.html?localePath=en.lproj#/dev7fe737ce0)



- [ ] 配置 Target



### .gitignore



- [ ] Git 添加 `.gitignore`: [Swift](https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/master/Swift.gitignore) or [Objective-C](https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/master/Objective-C.gitignore)



  - [ ] 工具：[gitignore.io](https://gitignore.io/)



### 依赖管理



- [ ] CocoaPods [文档](https://guides.cocoapods.org/syntax/podfile.html)



```shell

sudo gem install cocoapods # 安装

pod init # 初始化创建 Podfile

pod install/update # 安装/更新依赖

```



- [ ] Carthage (Swift) [文档](https://github.com/Carthage/Carthage#quick-start)



```shell

brew install carthage # 安装

carthage bootstrap/update # 安装或更新依赖

```



### 工程目录结构



- [ ] 规范化命名

- [ ] 熟悉并保持合理的目录结构



```

AwesomeProject

├─ Assets

│    ├─ Info.Plist

│    ├─ Localizable.strings

│    ├─ R.generated.swift # 可选，R.swift 生成

│    ├─ LaunchScreen.storyboard

│    ├─ Assets.xcassets

│    ├─ ProjectName.entitlements

│    ├─ BuildConfigs

│    └─ ···

├─Sources

│    ├─ Modules

│   ├─ MyModule

│   │   │   ├─ Models

│   │   │   ├─ Views

│   │   │   └─ Controllers (or ViewModels)

│   │    └─ ···

│   ├─ Stores

│   ├─ Helpers

│   ├─ Utilities

│   ├─ Extentsions

│   ├─ Mediator

│   ├─ Ventors

│   └─ ···

├─Tests

└─ ···

```



- [ ] 字符串本地化（Localization）



  - [ ] [WWDC 404 - New Localization Workflows in Xcode 10](https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2018/404/)

  - [ ] [WWDC 401 - Localizing with Xcode 9](https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2017/401)

  - [ ] [WWDC 201 - Internationalization Best Practices](https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2016/201)



- [ ] 最小化常量作用域（Constants）



```swift

// 全局常量建议采用 Enum 定义

enum Constants {

    static let myConstant = "Just a constant"

}

enum Apprearance {

    enum Sizes {

        static let gutter: CGFloat = 15

        static let cardGutter: CGFloat = 8

        ···

    }

    enum Color {

        static let primaryColor = UIColor(red: 0.22, green: 0.58, blue: 0.29, alpha: 1.0)

        static let secondaryColor = UIColor.lightGray

        static let background = UIColor.white



        enum Red {

               // 可视化颜色

            static let medium = #colorLiteral(red: 0.22, green: 0.58, blue: 0.29, alpha: 1.0)

            static let light = #colorLiteral(red: 0.22, green: 0.58, blue: 0.29, alpha: 1.0)

        }

    }

}

```



- [ ] Git 分支模型



  - [ ] [git-flow 的工作流 - Tower](https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/cn/command-line/advanced-topics/git-flow)

  - [ ] [gitflow-avh 拓展](https://github.com/petervanderdoes/gitflow-avh)



## 实用公共库



- [ ] [Alamofire](https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire) 网络库

- [ ] [Moya](https://github.com/Moya/Moya) 基于 Alamofire 封装的网络抽象层

- [ ] [Reachability.swift](https://github.com/ashleymills/Reachability.swift) 用于网络状况检查

- [ ] [R.swift](https://github.com/mac-cain13/R.swift) 自动将各种资源强类型化

- [ ] [SwiftDate](https://github.com/malcommac/SwiftDate)/[DateTool](https://github.com/MatthewYork/DateTools) 时间日期处理库

- [ ] [RxSwift](https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxSwift) 响应式编程框架 by [ReactiveX.io](http://reactivex.io/)

- [ ] [LayoutKit](https://github.com/linkedin/LayoutKit) 高性能视图布局库

- [ ] [Kingfisher](https://github.com/onevcat/Kingfisher) 轻量级图片下载缓存库

- [ ] [NSLogger](https://github.com/fpillet/NSLogger) 便捷日志工具

- [ ] [Willow](https://github.com/Nike-Inc/Willow) 轻量级日志工具 [教程](https://medium.com/joshtastic-blog/convenient-logging-in-swift-75e1adf6ba7c)

- [ ] [FLEX](https://github.com/Flipboard/FLEX)/[DoraemonKit](https://github.com/didi/DoraemonKit) 应用内 Debug 工具库

- [ ] Keychain 便捷封装库



  - [KeychainAccess](https://github.com/kishikawakatsumi/KeychainAccess)

  - [Valet](https://github.com/square/Valet) by _Square, Inc._



## 架构



- [ ] [Model-View-Controller (MVC) in iOS: A Modern Approach](https://www.raywenderlich.com/1073-model-view-controller-mvc-in-ios-a-modern-approach)

- [ ] [Introduction to MVVM](https://www.objc.io/issues/13-architecture/mvvm/)

- [ ] [MVVM with Coordinators and RxSwift](https://academy.realm.io/posts/mobilization-lukasz-mroz-mvvm-coordinators-rxswift/)

- [ ] [ReactiveCocoa and MVVM, an Introduction](http://www.sprynthesis.com/2014/12/06/reactivecocoa-mvvm-introduction/)



### Model



- [ ] 保持 Model 不可变性, `struct` + `Codable` [Apple 文档](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/archives_and_serialization/encoding_and_decoding_custom_types)

- [ ] [SwiftyJSON](https://github.com/SwiftyJSON/SwiftyJSON) / [Argo](https://github.com/thoughtbot/Argo) [可选]



### Views



- [ ] 采用 AutoLayout 布局



  - [ ] [Apple 文档 - NSLayoutAnchor](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/uikit/nslayoutanchor)

  - [ ] [WWDC 220 - High Performance Auto Layout](https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2018/220)

  - [ ] [WWDC 218 - Mysteries of Auto Layout, Part 1](https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2015/218)

  - [ ] [WWDC 219 - Mysteries of Auto Layout, Part 2](https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2015/219)



### Controllers



- [ ] 避免控制器臃肿



  - [ ] [8 Patterns to Help You Destroy Massive View Controller](http://khanlou.com/2014/09/8-patterns-to-help-you-destroy-massive-view-controller/)



- [ ] 尽量采用依赖注入而不是单例



```swift

let fooViewController = FooViewController(withViewModel: fooViewModel)

```



## 设计模式



- [ ] 设计模式 Swift 示例 [英文原文](https://github.com/ochococo/Design-Patterns-In-Swift) [中文翻译](https://github.com/Binlogo/Design-Patterns-In-Swift-CN)



## 数据储存



- [ ] 避免"回调地狱"（callback hell）

- [ ] [RxSwift](https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxSwift) 异步响应式编程



```swift

func fetchGigs(for artist: Artist) -> Observable<[Gig]> {

    // ...

}

```



- [ ] CoreData 持久化



  - [ ] [Apple 文档 - Core Data](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/coredata)

  - [ ] [WWDC 224 - Core Data Best Practices](https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2018/224/)



## 资源



- [ ] 采用 `.pdf` 矢量图

- [ ] [R.swift](https://github.com/mac-cain13/R.swift) 自动集中管理图片、xib、字符串等各项资源

- [ ] [ImageOptim](https://imageoptim.com/mac) 图片优化



## 编码规范



- [ ] [API Design Guidelines for Swift](https://swift.org/documentation/api-design-guidelines/)

- [ ] [LinkedIn's Official Swift Style Guide](https://github.com/linkedin/swift-style-guide)



- [ ] `//MARK:` + `Extension`分组结构化代码



```swift

import SomeExternalFramework



class FooViewController : UIViewController {



    let foo: Foo



    private let fooStringConstant = "FooConstant"

    private let floatConstant = 1234.5



    // MARK: Lifecycle



    // Custom initializers go here

    ···

}



// MARK: View Lifecycle

extension FooViewController {



    override func viewDidLoad() {

        super.viewDidLoad()

        // ...

    }



}



// MARK: Layout

extension FooViewController {



    private func makeViewConstraints() {

        // ...

    }



}



// MARK: User Interaction

extension FooViewController {



    func foobarButtonTapped() {

        // ...

    }



}



// MARK: FoobarDelegate

extension FooViewController: FoobarDelegate {



    func foobar(foobar: Foobar, didSomethingWithFoo foo: Foo) {

        // ...

    }



}



// MARK: Helpers

extension FooViewController {



    private func displayNameForFoo(foo: Foo) {

        // ...

    }



}

```



## 安全性



- [ ] [Apple 文档 - iOS Security Guide](https://www.apple.com/business/site/docs/iOS_Security_Guide.pdf)



### 数据储存



- [ ] Token、用户名密码及部分隐私敏感数据避免采用 `UserDefault` 或 `CoreData` 等非加密持久化方式

- [ ] 采用 `KeyChain` 加密储存敏感数据



  - [ ] [Apple 文档 - Storing Keys in the Keychain](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/security/certificate_key_and_trust_services/keys/storing_keys_in_the_keychain)

  - [ ] [KeychainAccess](https://github.com/kishikawakatsumi/KeychainAccess)



### 网络



- [ ] 采用 `https` TLS 加密传输



### 日志采集



- [ ] 设置正确的日志输出等级

- [ ] 线上环境**一定**不要打印密码等敏感信息

- [ ] 记录基本代码控制流，以便调试



### 用户交互



- [ ] `UITextField` 用于密码等敏感信息输入时设置`secureTextEntry` 为 `true`

- [ ] 必要时清空剪贴板等可能存在的敏感数据



  - [ ] `applicationDidEnterBackground`



## 诊断



- [ ] 重视并尽量解决编译器警告

- [ ] 静态分析



  - [ ] _Product → Analyze_



- [ ] 调试



  - [ ] 开启 `Exception` 断点

  - [ ] [Reveal](http://revealapp.com/) 视图调试



- [ ] 性能剖析



  - [ ] [Apple 帮助 - Instruments](https://help.apple.com/instruments/mac)



## 开发社区



> 借助社区的力量，并积极融入社区，贡献自己的力量



### 课程网站



- [Ray Wenderlich](https://www.raywenderlich.com/)

- [nshipster.com](https://nshipster.com/)

- [objc.io](https://www.objc.io/blog/)

- [AppCoda](https://www.appcoda.com/)

- [pointfree.co](https://www.pointfree.co/)



### 博客



- [Paul Hudson](https://hackingwithswift.com/)

- [John Sundell](https://www.swiftbysundell.com/)

- [Antoine van der Lee](https://www.avanderlee.com/)

- [Vadim Bulavin](https://www.vadimbulavin.com/)

- [Keith Harrison](https://useyourloaf.com/)

- [Majid Jabrayilov](https://swiftwithmajid.com/)

- [Bart Jacobs](https://cocoacasts.com/)

- [Soroush Khanlou](http://khanlou.com/)

- [Erica Sadun](https://ericasadun.com/)

- [Andrew Bancroft](https://www.andrewcbancroft.com/)



### 订阅



- [iOS Goodies](http://ios-goodies.com/)

- [iOS Dev Weekly](https://iosdevweekly.com/)

- [Swift Developments](https://andybargh.com/swiftdevelopments/)

- [Indie iOS focus weekly](http://indieiosfocus.com/)



### 播客



- [iOS Dev Discussions](https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/ios-dev-discussions-sean-allen/id1426167395)

- [Swift over Coffee](https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/swift-over-coffee/id1435076502)

- [Swift by Sundell](https://swiftbysundell.com/podcast/)

- [iPhreaks](https://devchat.tv/iphreaks/)



### 开发者



- [Genius-Track](https://github.com/Binlogo/Genius-Track)