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https://github.com/Cysharp/LitJWT
Lightweight, Fast JWT(JSON Web Token) implementation for .NET.
https://github.com/Cysharp/LitJWT
Last synced: about 2 months ago
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Lightweight, Fast JWT(JSON Web Token) implementation for .NET.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/Cysharp/LitJWT
- Owner: Cysharp
- License: mit
- Created: 2019-05-23T02:23:00.000Z (over 5 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2024-04-30T05:35:31.000Z (5 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-05-15T12:30:30.492Z (4 months ago)
- Language: C#
- Homepage:
- Size: 124 KB
- Stars: 189
- Watchers: 5
- Forks: 18
- Open Issues: 4
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE
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LitJWT
===
Lightweight, Fast [JWT(JSON Web Token)](https://jwt.io/) implementation for .NET. This library mainly focus on performance, 5 times faster encoding/decoding and very low allocation.
NuGet: [LitJWT](https://www.nuget.org/packages/LitJWT)
Supported platform is `netstandard 2.1`, `net5.0` or greater.
```
Install-Package LitJWT
```
## Table of Contents
- [How to use](#how-to-use)
- [Custom Serializer](#custom-serializer)
- [AlgorithmResolver](#algorithmresolver)
- [Details of Performance](#details-of-performance)
- [HMACSHA or RSA](#hmacsha-or-rsa)
- [License](#license)
How to use
---
```csharp
// using LitJWT;
// using LitJWT.Algorithms;
// Get recommended-size random key.
var key = HS256Algorithm.GenerateRandomRecommendedKey();
// Create encoder, JwtEncoder is thread-safe and recommend to store static/singleton.
var encoder = new JwtEncoder(new HS256Algorithm(key));
// Encode with payload, expire, and use specify payload serializer.
var token = encoder.Encode(new { foo = "pay", bar = "load" }, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30));
```
```csharp
// Create decoder, JwtDecoder is also thread-safe so recommend to store static/singleton.
var decoder = new JwtDecoder(encoder.SignAlgorithm);
// Decode and verify, you can check the result.
var result = decoder.TryDecode(token, out var payload);
if (result == DecodeResult.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine((payload.foo, payload.bar));
}
```
Custom Serializer
---
In default. LitJWT is using `System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer`. If you want to use custom `JsonSerializerOptions`, `JwtEncoder` and `JwtDecoder` have `JsonSerializerOptions serializerOptions` constructor overload.
If you want to use another serializer, encode method receives `Action payloadWriter`. You have to invoke `writer.Write(ReadOnlySpan payload)` method to serialize. `ReadOnlySpan` must be Utf8 binary.
Here is the sample of use JSON.NET, this have encoding overhead.
```csharp
var token = encoder.Encode(new PayloadSample { foo = "pay", bar = "load" }, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30),
(x, writer) => writer.Write(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(x))));
```
Decode method receives `delegate T PayloadParser(ReadOnlySpan payload)`. `ReadOnlySpan` is utf8 json. Yes, utf8 based serializer is best but you can also use JSON.NET(but have encoding penalty).
```
var result = decoder.TryDecode(token, x => JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(x)), out var payload);
```
AlgorithmResolver
---
Decoding algorithm is whitelist, you should add algorithms when create `JwtDecoder`.
```csharp
var resolver = new JwtAlgorithmResolver(
new HS256Algorithm(),
new HS384Algorithm(),
new HS512Algorithm(),
new RS256Algorithm(),
new RS384Algorithm(),
new RS512Algorithm());
var decoder = new JwtDecoder(resolver);
```
`JwtAlgorithmResolver` and `JwtDecoder` are both thread-safe.
Details of Performance
---
* Directly encode/decode Base64Url(don't use string replace)
* Parsing JSON on Utf8 binary(decoded Base64Url result) directly
* `ReadOnlySpan` key custom dictionary
* Uses `Span` API for encrypt
* Uses `stackalloc byte[]` and `ArrayPool`
For example, standard implementation of Base64Url encoding is like here.
```csharp
Convert.ToBase64String(input).TrimEnd('=').Replace('+', '-').Replace('/', '_')
```
It has three unnecessary allocations(trim, replace, replace) and searching. I've implemented [Base64Url](https://github.com/Cysharp/LitJWT/blob/master/src/LitJWT/Base64.cs) converter and it has `Span` based APIs to achive zero allocation.
`ReadOnlySpan` can not become dictionary key but decoding JWT requires `alg`, `exp`, `nbf` match to avoid extra decoding. I've implement [custom Utf8String Dictionary](https://github.com/Cysharp/LitJWT/blob/master/src/LitJWT/ReadOnlyUtf8StringDictionary.cs) it store data on initialize and match by `bool TryGetValue(ReadOnlySpan key, out TValue value)`.
**Encode**
| Method | Mean | Error | Ratio | Gen 0 | Gen 1 | Gen 2 | Allocated |
|-------------------------- |----------:|------:|------:|-------:|------:|------:|----------:|
| LitJwt | 1.560 us | NA | 1.00 | 0.0477 | - | - | 320 B |
| JwtDotNet | 8.164 us | NA | 5.23 | 0.9613 | - | - | 6216 B |
| MicrosoftIdentityModelJwt | 12.673 us | NA | 8.12 | 1.8311 | - | - | 11665 B |
**Decode**
| Method | Mean | Error | Ratio | Gen 0 | Gen 1 | Gen 2 | Allocated |
|-------------------------- |----------:|------:|------:|-------:|-------:|------:|----------:|
| LitJwt | 2.245 us | NA | 1.00 | 0.0229 | - | - | 192 B |
| JwtDotNet | 12.788 us | NA | 5.70 | 2.2583 | 0.0153 | - | 14385 B |
| MicrosoftIdentityModelJwt | 13.099 us | NA | 5.83 | 2.2125 | - | - | 14113 B |
`LitJWT` is completely working on Utf8 so `Encode` method has three overloads.
* `string Encode(...)`
* `byte[] EncodeAsUtf8Bytes(...)`
* `void Encode(IBufferWriter writer, ...)`
`IBufferWriter` is fastest if you can write directly to I/O pipelines. `byte[]` is better than `string` because it can avoid utf8-string encoding cost.
For example [gRPC C#](https://github.com/grpc/grpc/tree/master/src/csharp) or [MagicOnion](https://github.com/Cysharp/MagicOnion/) can set binary header. It has better performance than use string value.
```csharp
// gRPC Header
var metadata = new Metadata();
metadata.Add("auth-token-bin", encoder.EncodeAsUtf8Bytes());
```
HMACSHA or RSA
---
If you don't need asymmetric encryption, HMACSHA is better.
**Encode**
| Method | Mean | Error | Gen 0 | Gen 1 | Gen 2 | Allocated |
|------- |-----------:|------:|-------:|------:|------:|----------:|
| HS256 | 1.928 us | NA | 0.1335 | - | - | 888 B |
| HS384 | 1.787 us | NA | 0.1373 | - | - | 888 B |
| HS512 | 1.714 us | NA | 0.1373 | - | - | 888 B |
| RS256 | 618.728 us | NA | - | - | - | 1008 B |
| RS384 | 629.516 us | NA | - | - | - | 1008 B |
| RS512 | 639.434 us | NA | - | - | - | 1008 B |
**Decode**
| Method | Mean | Error | Gen 0 | Gen 1 | Gen 2 | Allocated |
|------- |----------:|------:|------:|------:|------:|----------:|
| HS256 | 1.876 us | NA | - | - | - | - |
| HS384 | 1.677 us | NA | - | - | - | - |
| HS512 | 1.735 us | NA | - | - | - | - |
| RS256 | 56.549 us | NA | - | - | - | 120 B |
| RS384 | 55.625 us | NA | - | - | - | 120 B |
| RS512 | 55.746 us | NA | - | - | - | 120 B |
For example, use session key(to browser, unity client, etc...), client don't decode and only to store.
License
---
This library is under the MIT License.