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https://github.com/JakobGreen/lua-requests
Requests for Lua!
https://github.com/JakobGreen/lua-requests
digest-authentication http lua luarocks
Last synced: 3 months ago
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Requests for Lua!
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/JakobGreen/lua-requests
- Owner: JakobGreen
- License: mit
- Created: 2015-03-31T00:17:53.000Z (over 9 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2020-12-02T17:26:07.000Z (almost 4 years ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-06-09T21:44:53.309Z (5 months ago)
- Topics: digest-authentication, http, lua, luarocks
- Language: Lua
- Homepage:
- Size: 60.5 KB
- Stars: 206
- Watchers: 9
- Forks: 35
- Open Issues: 11
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- Changelog: CHANGELOG.md
- License: LICENSE.md
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README
# lua-requests
[](LICENSE.md)
[](https://coveralls.io/github/JakobGreen/lua-requests?branch=master)
[](https://travis-ci.org/JakobGreen/lua-requests)
The same friendly Python Requests interface for Lua!
## Basic Usage
> requests = require('requests')
> response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get')
> print(response.status_code)
200
>
> response = requests.post{'http://httpbin.org/post', data='random data'}
> json_data = response.json()
> print(json_data.data)
random data
## Contents
[API](#api)
+ [Simple requests](#simple-requests)
+ [HTTPS](#https)
+ [Basic Response](#basic-response)
+ [URL parameters](#url-parameters)
+ [Sending Data](#sending-data)
+ [Custom headers](#custom-headers)
+ [Timeout](#timeout)
+ [Basic Authentication](#basic-authentication)
+ [Digest Authentication](#digest-authentication)
+ [Cookies](#cookies)
+ [JSON Response](#json-response)
+ [XML Response](#xml-response)
+ [Proxy](#proxy)
+ [Redirects](#redirects)
[Dependencies](#dependencies)
[Tests](#tests)
[License](#licensing)
## Dependencies
- [LuaSocket](http://w3.impa.br/~diego/software/luasocket/ "LuaSocket homepage")
- [LuaSec](https://github.com/brunoos/luasec "LuaSec github")
- [md5](https://github.com/kikito/md5.lua "md5 github")
- [lbase64](https://github.com/LuaDist/lbase64 "lbase64 github")
- [lua-cjson](http://www.kyne.com.au/~mark/software/lua-cjson.php)
- [xml](https://lubyk.github.io/lubyk/xml.html)
The HTTP backend can be swapped out for anything that has the same API as LuaSocket's `socket.http`. This is done by setting the value of `requests.http_socket`. Swapping the HTTPS backend can be done by swapping out `requests.https_socket`.
## Tests
Tests are located in the tests directory and are written using [busted](http://olivinelabs.com/busted/ "Busted home page").
Install `busted`:
$ luarocks install busted
Run Tests:
$ busted -p _tests tests
## Licensing
`lua-requests` is licensed under the MIT license. See LICENSE.md for details on the MIT license.
## API
### Simple requests
Importing the lua-requests is quite simple.
> requests = require('requests')
Making a GET request is not much more difficult.
> response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get')
Other methods like POST, HEAD, OPTIONS, TRACE, PATCH, PUT, and DELETE are just as simple.
> response = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post')
> response = requests.put('http://httpbin.org/put')
etc...
The second argument of a request is a table that can be used to make more advanced requests.
Any request can be made with either a second argument or as a table.
> response = requests.post{url = 'http://httpbin.org/post', data = 'random data'}
or
> response = requests.post{'http://httpbin.org/post', data = 'random data'}
or
> response = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', {data = 'random data'})
NOTE: This documentation mostly uses two parameters instead of just one table because the single table feature was added later.
There is also a general request call. The first parameter is the method.
> response = requests.request("GET", 'http://httpbin.org/get')
### HTTPS
Using HTTPS is as simple as changing the URL to be 'https' instead of 'http'
> response = requests.get('https://httpbing.org/get')
### Basic Response
The http response contains all of the response data in different fields.
The response body is contained in `response.text`
> response = response.get('http://httpbin.org/robots.txt')
> print(response.text)
User-agent: *
Disallow: /deny
The response headers are contained in `response.headers`
> response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/robots.txt')
> print(inspect(response.headers))
{
["access-control-allow-credentials"] = "true",
["access-control-allow-origin"] = "*",
connection = "close",
["content-length"] = "30",
["content-type"] = "text/plain",
date = "Tue, 07 Apr 2015 01:43:26 GMT",
server = "nginx"
}
The response status code is contained in `response.status_code`
> response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/robot.txt')
> print(response.status_code)
200
### URL Parameters
It is common for URL's that need to have some sort of query string.
For example, `http://httpbin.org/response-headers?key1=val1&key2=val2`.
Adding parameters to a URL query is as simple as passing a table into the params field of the second argument.
> query_parameters = { key1 = 'val1', key2 = 'val2' }
> response = requests.get{'http://httpbin.org/response-headers', params = query_parameters}
> print(response.url)
http://httpbin.org/response-headers?key1=val1&key2=val2
For keys that contain a list of values just make the value into a table.
> query_parameters = { key1 = 'val2', key2 = {'val2', 'val3'}}
> response = requests.get{'http://httpbin.org/response-headers', params = query_parameters}
> print(response.url)
http://httpbin.org/response-headers?key1=val1&key2=val2,val3
### Sending Data
Sending data is possible with any command. Just pass the data you want to send into the data field of the second argument.
> data = "Example data"
> response = requests.post{'http://httpbin.org/post', data = data}
If a table is passed in to data it is automatically encoded as JSON.
> data = {Data = "JSON"}
> response = requests.post{'http://httpbin.org/post', data = data}
### Custom headers
Custom headers can be added to any request method. Just pass a table into the headers field of the second argument.
> headers = {['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'}
> response = requests.get{'http://httpbin.org/headers', headers = headers}
### Timeout
Timeout in seconds can be passed as a parameter. If the host has not responded in timeout seconds then through an error.
> url = 'http://httpbin.org/delay/2'
> response = requests.get{url, timeout = 1}
requests.lua:261: error in GET request: timeout
### Basic Authentication
Basic authentication can be added to any request.
> auth = requests.HTTPBasicAuth('user', 'passwd')
> response = requests.get{'http://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/passwd', auth = auth}
> print(response.status_code)
200
### Digest Authentication
Digest authentication can be added to any request.
> auth = requests.HTTPDigestAuth('user', 'passwd')
> response = requests.get{'http://httpbin.org/digest-auth/auth/user/passwd', auth = auth}
> print(response.status_code)
200
To continue using the same digest authentication just pass `response.auth` into the next request.
> response = requests.get{'http://httpbin.org/digest-auth/auth/user/passwd', auth = response.auth}
> print(response.status_code)
200
By reusing the `response.auth` you can save time by not needing to reauthenticate again.
`response.cookies` contains cookies that the server requested to be set for authentication.
### Cookies
Cookies can be added to any request by setting the `cookies` field.
> response = requests.get{'http://httpbin.org/get', cookies = 'cookie!'}
### JSON Response
JSON response's can be parsed into a Lua table using `response.json()`.
JSON encoding and decoding is done with `lua-cjson`.
> response = requests.get{'http://httpbin.org/get', params = {stuff=true}}
> json_body, error = response.json()
> print(json_body.args.stuff)
true
### XML Response
XML response's can be parsed into a Lua table using `response.xml()`.
XML encoding and decoding is done with `xml` which is based on RapidXML.
> response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/xml')
> xml_body, error = response.xml()
> print(xml_body[1][1][1])
Wake up to WonderWidgets!
The returned xml table can be tricky to parse.
I recommend using `inspect` to help the first time to help see the table structure.
### Proxy
A proxy server can be added as an argument to a request.
> response = requests.get{'http://httpbin.org/get', proxy = '8.8.8.8:9001'}
### Redirects
301 and 302 redirects are enabled by default for most requests. To disable redirects set `allow_redirects = false`.
> response = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/redirect-to?url=google.com', {allow_redirects = false})