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https://github.com/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl

Julia package for solving singular integral equations
https://github.com/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl

helmholtz-equation julia laplace-equation riemann-hilbert-problems singular-integral-equations

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Julia package for solving singular integral equations

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# SingularIntegralEquations.jl

[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl)

An experimental Julia package for solving singular integral equations.

# Acoustic Scattering

[HelmholtzDirichlet.jl](https://github.com/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl/blob/master/examples/HelmholtzDirichlet.jl) and [HelmholtzNeumann.jl](https://github.com/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl/blob/master/examples/HelmholtzNeumann.jl) calculate the solution to the Helmholtz equation with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. The essential lines of code are:

```julia
k = 50 # Set wavenumber and fundamental solution for Helmholtz equation
g1 = (x,y) -> -besselj0(k*abs(y-x))/2
g2 = (x,y) -> x == y ? -(log(k/2)+γ)/2/π + im/4 : im/4*hankelh1(0,k*abs(y-x)) - g1(x,y).*logabs(y-x)/π

ui = (x,y) -> exp(im*k*(x-y)/sqrt(2)) # Incident plane wave at 45°

dom = ChebyshevInterval() # Set the domain
sp = Space(dom) # Canonical space on the domain
⨍ = DefiniteLineIntegral(dom) # Line integration functional
uiΓ = Fun(t->ui(real(t),imag(t)),sp) # Incident wave on Γ

# Instantiate the fundamental solution
G = GreensFun(g1,CauchyWeight(sp⊗sp,0)) + GreensFun(g2,sp⊗sp)

# Solve for the density
∂u∂n = ⨍[G]\uiΓ

# What is the forward error?
norm(⨍[G]*∂u∂n-uiΓ)

# Represent the scattered field
us = (x,y) -> -logkernel(g1,∂u∂n,complex(x,y))-linesum(g2,∂u∂n,complex(x,y))
```

Here is an example with 10 sources at the roots of unity scaled by 2 and scattered by multiple disjoint intervals and circles.

![Helmholtz Scattering](https://github.com/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl/raw/master/images/Helmholtz.gif)

[GravityHelmholtz.jl](https://github.com/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl/blob/master/examples/GravityHelmholtz.jl) calculates the solution to the gravity Helmholtz equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions.

![Gravity Helmholtz Scattering](https://github.com/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl/raw/master/images/GravityHelmholtz.gif)

# The Faraday Cage

[Laplace.jl](https://github.com/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl/blob/master/examples/Laplace.jl) calculates the solution to the Laplace equation with the origin shielded by infinitesimal plates centred at the Nth roots of unity. The essential lines of code are:

```julia
ui = (x,y) -> logabs(complex(x,y)-2) # Single source at (2,0) of strength 2π

N,r = 10,1e-1
cr = exp.(im*2π*(0:N-1)/N)
crl,crr = (1-2im*r)cr,(1+2im*r)cr
dom = ∪(Segment.(crl,crr)) # Set the shielding domain

sp = Space(dom) # Canonical space on the domain
⨍ = DefiniteLineIntegral(dom) # Line integration functional
uiΓ = Fun(t->ui(real(t),imag(t)),sp) # Action of source on shields

# Instantiate the fundamental solution
G = GreensFun((x,y)->0.5,CauchyWeight(sp⊗sp,0))

# The first column augments the system for global unknown constant charge φ0
# The first row ensure constant charge φ0 on all plates
φ0,∂u∂n=[0 ⨍;1 ⨍[G]]\[0.;uiΓ]

# Represent the scattered field
us = (x,y) -> -logkernel(∂u∂n,complex(x,y))/2
```

![Faraday Cage](https://github.com/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl/raw/master/images/FaradayCage.png)

# Riemann–Hilbert Problems

SingularIntegralEquations.jl has support for Riemann–Hilbert problems and Wiener–Hopf factorizations. [Wiener-Hopf.jl](https://github.com/JuliaApproximation/SingularIntegralEquations.jl/blob/master/examples/Wiener-Hopf.jl) uses the Winer–Hopf factorization to calculate the UL decomposition of a scalar and a block Toeplitz operator. The essential lines of code in the matrix case are:

```julia
G=Fun(z->[-1 -3; -3 -1]/z +
[ 2 2; 1 -3] +
[ 2 -1; 1 2]*z,Circle())

C = Cauchy(-1)
V = (I+(I-G)*C)\(G-I)

L = ToeplitzOperator(inv(I+C*V))
U = ToeplitzOperator(I+V+C*V)
```

# Nonlocal Diffusion

Construct the nonlocal Laplacian acting on Fourier series by computing the spectrum on-the-fly:

```julia
α = 2.5 # ∈ [0, d+2), where d is the number of dimensions
# α is the strength of the singularity of the algebraic kernel
δ = 0.1 # the horizon of the nonlocal integral operator
L = NonlocalLaplacian(Fourier(), α, δ)
```

Afterward, you are free to treat it as any other banded (diagonal) operator.

# References

R. M. Slevinsky & S. Olver, A fast and well-conditioned spectral method for singular integral equations, *J. Comp. Phys.*, **332**:290--315, 2017.

Y. Li & R. M. Slevinsky. Fast and accurate algorithms for the computation of spherically symmetric nonlocal diffusion operators on lattices, arXiv:1810.07131, 2018.