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https://github.com/TrustworthyComputing/T2-FHE-Compiler-and-Benchmarks

A cross compiler and standardized benchmarks for fully homomorphic encryption
https://github.com/TrustworthyComputing/T2-FHE-Compiler-and-Benchmarks

benchmarks compiler fhe helib homomorphic-encryption lattigo palisade seal tfhe

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A cross compiler and standardized benchmarks for fully homomorphic encryption

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README 

        
T2: A cross compiler and standardized benchmarks for FHE computation  





    




## Overview

T2 is an *extensible cross compiler* and *standardized benchmark suite* enabling comparisons between

fully-homomorphic encryption (FHE) libraries. The T2 repository comprises the

T2 DSL and the T2 compiler from T2 DSL to state-of-the-art FHE back-ends.



T2 aims to offer a standardized benchmark suite for FHE that encompasses

realistic use-cases. Additionally, the T2 compiler offers a great starting

point to explore the different backends (e.g., HElib, Lattigo, PALISADE, SEAL,

and TFHE) as a single T2 program is effortlessly transpiled to all supported

FHE libraries.



The T2 compiler supports three distinct computational models: *Integer*, *Binary*,

and *Floating-Point* domains. Each domain utilizes different sets of functional

units, some of which are inherently supported by the backends, while others are

implemented on top of the FHE back-ends. This allows users to compare the

different domains and find the most efficient for their applications.



T2 is the spiritual successor to the [TERMinator suite

repository](https://github.com/momalab/TERMinatorSuite),

which includes benchmarks tailored to encrypted computation. The original

Terminator suite targets partially homomorphic architectures, however, since its

release, fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) has become increasingly popular and

more viable. To account for this, T2 targets FHE architectures by modifying the

original benchmarks as well as adding new additions.



### How to cite this work

The SoK outlining this framework appears in [PoPETS

2023](https://petsymposium.org/popets/2023/popets-2023-0075.php) (the preprint can be accessed

[here](https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/425.pdf)). An earlier journal article describing

the original Terminator suite can be accessed

[here](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8307166), while the authors' version

is available [here](https://jimouris.github.io/publications/mouris2018terminator.pdf).

You can cite these articles as follows:



```

@Article{PoPETS:Gouert23sok,

  author =       "Charles Gouert and

                  Dimitris Mouris and

                  Nektarios Georgios Tsoutsos",

  title =        "{SoK: New Insights into Fully Homomorphic Encryption Libraries via Standardized Benchmarks}",

  volume =       2023,

  month =        Jul,

  year =         2023,

  publisher =    sciendo,

  journal =      "{Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies}",

  number =       3,

  pages =        "154–172",

  doi =          "10.56553/popets-2023-0075",

}



@Article{IEEECAL:Mouris18terminator,

  author  =     "Dimitris Mouris and

                 Nektarios Georgios Tsoutsos and

                 Michail Maniatakos",

  title   =     "{TERMinator Suite: Benchmarking Privacy-Preserving Architectures}",

  journal =     "IEEE Computer Architecture Letters",

  year    =     "2018",

  volume  =     "17",

  number  =     "2",

  pages   =     "122-125",

  doi     =     "10.1109/LCA.2018.281281"}

}

```



## Supported Homomorphic Encryption Libraries







  

  Lattigo v4.1.0 adf7623

  


  HElib v2.2.2 d7be6f0

  


  PALISADE v1.11.9 3d1f9a3f

  


  Microsoft SEAL v4.1.1 206648d

  


  TFHE v1.0.1 6297bc7

  










## Build and Run Instructions



### Building with Docker

* Build the Docker image:

  ```powershell

  docker build -t t2 .

  ```

* Run the Docker container: 

  ```powershell

  docker run --rm -i -t t2 bash

  ```



### Building from Scratch

Tested on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS with Java 8, 9, and 19. For Lattigo, we used go version 1.17.6 and 1.18.1.



#### Dependencies

*

  ```powershell

  apt install cmake make build-essential g++ clang autoconf javacc patchelf openjdk-8-jdk maven m4 tar lzip libfftw3-dev

  ```

* [Go-lang](https://go.dev/dl/)

* Follow and modify [clone_libs.sh](./.circleci/clone_libs.sh) and

  [build_libs.sh](./.circleci/build_libs.sh) scripts to install the FHE libraries in your custom destinations.



#### Compile the T2 compiler

```powershell

mvn initialize package

```



To skip running the test when compiling the T2 compiler run:

```powershell

mvn package -Dmaven.test.skip

```



## Compile T2 programs

To compile a T2 program type:

```powershell

java -jar target/terminator-compiler-1.0.jar  [--debug]  [--w word_size]

```

where `` can be one of `HElib`, `Lattigo`, `SEAL`, `PALISADE`, and `TFHE`. For instance:



### Example of compiling a T2 program for SEAL:

```powershell

java -jar target/terminator-compiler-1.0.jar src/test/resources/tests/arithmetic.t2 --seal

```

will use `SEAL` as the back-end over the integers.



### Example of compiling a T2 program for Lattigo in the binary domain:

```powershell

java -jar target/terminator-compiler-1.0.jar src/test/resources/tests/bin_test.t2 --lattigo --w 6

```

will use `Lattigo` as the back-end in the binary domain. The T2 compiler

automatically detects the appropriate scheme (i.e., `BFV/BGV` or `CKKS`) based

on the type of the encrypted variables that the T2 program uses (i.e.,

`EncInt` or `EncDouble`).



### Example of compiling a T2 program for SEAL in the floating-point domain:

```powershell

java -jar target/terminator-compiler-1.0.jar src/test/resources/tests/ckks_test.t2 --seal

```

will use `SEAL` with the `CKKS` scheme.





    



Trustworthy Computing Group