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https://github.com/amgauna/mxlinux-debian-2021

Linux Comandos Básicos
https://github.com/amgauna/mxlinux-debian-2021

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Linux Comandos Básicos

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README 

        
# MX LINUX (Debian)

* https://mxlinux.org/download-links/



## Linux Comandos Básicos



* https://github.com/amgauna/Linux-Basico/blob/main/linux-comandos-basicos.jpg



## Linux 40 comandos úteis                                                      

        

* pwd = Print Working Directory = Shows the absolute path of the working directory



* mkdir = Make Directory



* mkdir reports/ = Creates a single directory reports



* mkdir -p reports/finance/yearly/ = Creates entire directory structure



* cd = Change Directory



* cd icons = Switch to the "icons" directory



* cd/ = Switch to the previous directory



* cd.. = Switch to the parent directory



* cd = Switch to the home directory



* ls = List For current working directory



* ls /home/ = List For /home/



❯ ls -a

# Includes hidden files



❯ ls -R

# Recursively for subdirectories



❯ ls -l

# Lists in detail



❯ ls -ltr

# Sorted. Latest modified one is at the top.



➎ cp



Copy



❯ cp file1.txt file2.txt

# Copies the file file1.txt to file2.txt



❯ cp -r dir1/ dir2/

# Copies entire directory "dir1" to "dir2"



➏ mv



Move



❯ mv file1.js images/

# Moves the file to images/



❯ mv file1.js file2.js

# Renames the file1.js to file2.js



➐ touch



❯ touch new_file

# Creates a new empty file "new_file"



❯ touch -m old_file

# Changes the modification time



➑ cat



Concatenate



⬙ It is used to view, create, and concatenate files.



❯ cat file.txt

# Lists the contents of file1.txt to std output



❯ cat > file.txt

# Creates a new file



❯ cat file1 file2 > file3

# Concatenates file1 & file2 to file3



➒ rm



Remove



❯ rm file1.txt

# Removes a file



❯ rm -r dir1

# Removes an empty directory



❯ rm -rf dir2

# Removes any directory



➓ find



Search based on a regular expression



❯ find ./ -name "xyz"

# Finds files and directories whose name is xyz



❯ find ./ -type f -name "*.java"

# Finds files whose name ends with .java



➊➊ grep



Global Regular Expression Print



❯ grep "hello" message.txt

# Lists all lines of "message.txt"

# that contain "hello"



❯ grep -c "hi" message.txt

# Outputs the number of lines in

# "message.txt" that contain "hi"



➊➋ head



❯ head message.txt

# Outputs first 10 lines of message.txt



❯ head -n 5 message.txt

# Outputs first 5 lines of message.txt



➊➌ tail



❯ tail message.txt

# Outputs last 10 lines of message.txt



❯ tail -n 5 message.txt

# Outputs last 5 lines of message.txt



❯ tail -f app.log

# Shows new entries in app.log

# as and when they get added



➊➍ diff



Difference



❯ diff /dir1/package.json /dir2/package.json

# Compare the contents of the two files

# line by line and lists out all differences



➊➎ alias



❯ alias lsa="ls -a"

# Creates a new alias "lsa" for "ls -a" command



❯ alias

# Lists all aliases for the current session



               -- More Useful Commands --



❯ echo

Displays the given text in the terminal



❯ which

Shows the directory where the command is present 



❯ whoami

Displays the username of who currently is using this session



❯ man

Displays the manual page of any command



❯ tar

Creates and extracts an archive file



❯ chmod

Changes the mode (permission) of a file



❯ chown

Changes the ownership



❯ du

Checks how much space a file or a directory takes



❯ ps

Lists the processes that the current shell session is running



❯ kill

Kills (terminates) a process



❯ free

Shows the amount of free memory



❯ vmstat 10

Every 10 seconds, show statistics



❯ iotop

Displays the disk IO usage details



❯ systemctl

Manages systemd and services



❯ journalctl

Views systemd, kernel, and journal logs



❯ env

Prints list of environment variables



❯ host

Does DNS lookup operations



❯ hostname

Obtains the DNS name



❯ ping

Checks the network connectivity b/w host and server



❯ curl

Transfers data to or from a server



❯ wget

Retrieves/downloads content from the internet



❯ history

Displays all the commands used in the past



❯ clear

Clears the terminal window



❯ sudo

Allows the current user to act as a superuser or, a root user for running a specific command



❯ exit

Ends a shell session and closes the terminal