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https://github.com/arnaud-lb/php-memory-profiler
Memory profiler for PHP. Helps finding memory leaks in PHP scripts.
https://github.com/arnaud-lb/php-memory-profiler
memory-allocation memory-leak memory-profiler memprof php php-memprof profiler
Last synced: about 2 months ago
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Memory profiler for PHP. Helps finding memory leaks in PHP scripts.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/arnaud-lb/php-memory-profiler
- Owner: arnaud-lb
- License: mit
- Created: 2012-12-08T12:14:19.000Z (almost 12 years ago)
- Default Branch: v3
- Last Pushed: 2024-04-17T11:52:08.000Z (5 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-06-07T23:32:43.939Z (3 months ago)
- Topics: memory-allocation, memory-leak, memory-profiler, memprof, php, php-memprof, profiler
- Language: C
- Homepage:
- Size: 582 KB
- Stars: 841
- Watchers: 16
- Forks: 49
- Open Issues: 16
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE
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README
# memprof
php-memprof is a fast and accurate memory profiling extension for PHP that can be used to find the cause of memory leaks.
## Features
The extension tracks the allocation and release of memory blocks to report the amount of memory leaked by every function, method, or file in a program.
* Reports non-freed memory at arbitrary points in the program
* Dumps profile in callgrind, pprof, or raw array formats
* Can track memory allocated by PHP itself as well as native malloc
## Install
### Dependencies
php-memprof depends on libjudy and sys/queue.h.
On Debian-based distributions the dependencies can be installed with:
# Debian or Ubuntu:
apt install libjudy-dev
On Alpine:
# Alpine
apk add judy-dev bsd-compat-headers
On MacOS:
# install libjudy dependency:
brew install traildb/judy/judy
### Installing with PECL
Make sure to install [dependencies](#dependencies), and then:
pecl install memprof
On MacOS:
JUDY_DIR=$(brew --prefix traildb/judy/judy) pecl install memprof
> **Note** If libjudy is installed in a non-standard path (not /usr or /usr/local), please use the manual installation method bellow.
### Installing manually
Make sure to install [dependencies](#dependencies), and then:
Download the source and run the following commands in the source directory:
phpize
./configure
make
make install
> **Note** If libjudy is installed in a non-standard path (not /usr or /usr/local), you can specify it like this:
./configure --with-judy-dir=/opt/homebrew/Cellar/judy/1.0.5
### Installing on Arch Linux
Arch Linux users may prefer to install the unofficial php-memprof [package][8]
with `makepkg` or their preferred AUR [helper][9]. If using `yay`, for example:
yay -S php-memprof
> ℹ️ Please report any issues with this package on its AUR [page][8].
## Loading the extension
The extension can be loaded on the command line, just for one script:
php -dextension=memprof.so script.php
Or permanently, in php.ini:
extension=memprof.so
The extension has no overhead when not profiling, so it can be loaded by default on dev environments.
## Usage example
The simplest way to use `memprof` is to let it save the memory profile when the
program's memory limit is exceeded.
### Step 1: Enable profiling in `dump_on_limit` mode
Profiling in `dump_on_limit` mode is enabled at request startup when one
of these is true:
* The environment variable `MEMPROF_PROFILE` is equal to `dump_on_limit`
* `$_GET["MEMPROF_PROFILE"]` is equal to `dump_on_limit`
* `$_POST["MEMPROF_PROFILE"]` is equal to `dump_on_limit`
For command line scripts, we can set the environment variable:
```
MEMPROF_PROFILE=dump_on_limit php test.php
```
For web scripts, we can set the `$_GET` variable:
```
curl http://127.0.0.1/test.php?MEMPROF_PROFILE=dump_on_limit
```
Or the `$_POST` variable:
```
curl -d MEMPROF_PROFILE=dump_on_limit http://127.0.0.1/test.php
```
> **Note** The `memprof_enabled_flags()` function can be called to
> check whether profiling is currently enabled in `dump_on_limit` mode.
### Step 2: Dumping the profile
In this mode, `memprof` will automatically save the profile if the program
exceeds the memory limit (when PHP triggers an error like `Fatal error: Allowed
memory size of 15728640 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 1024 bytes)` error).
By default, the profile is saved in a file named `memprof.callgrind.*` in `/tmp`
or `C:\Windows\Temp`.
### Step 3: Visualizing the profile
The recommended way to visualize the result is to use Kcachegrind (on Linux) or Qcachegrind (on MacOS, Windows). Google Perftools are also supported. See the documentation of ``memprof_dump_callgrind()`` and variants.
#### Install Kcachegrind on Linux
Most distributions have a `kcachegrind` package ready to be installed.
For example, Ubuntu or Debian:
```
sudo apt install kcachegrind
```
Other distributions most likely have a package ready to be installed as well.
#### Install Qcachegrind on MacOS
Use Homebrew: https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/qcachegrind
#### Install Qcachegrind on Windows
Download it from https://sourceforge.net/projects/qcachegrindwin/
## Advanced usage
### Profile trigger
Profiling is enabled at request startup when one of these is true:
* The environment variable `MEMPROF_PROFILE` is non-empty
* `$_GET["MEMPROF_PROFILE"]` is non-empty
* `$_POST["MEMPROF_PROFILE"]` is non-empty
### Profile flags
The `MEMPROF_PROFILE` variable accepts a comma-separated list of flags.
Examples of valid `MEMPROF_PROFILE` values:
* `1`: non-empty: profiling is enabled
* `dump_on_limit`: profiling is enabled, will dump on memory limit
* `native`: profiling is enabled, will profile native allocations
* `dump_on_limit,native`: profiling is enabled, will profile native allocations, will dump on memory limit
List of valid flags:
* `dump_on_limit`: Will dump the profile in callgrind format in `/tmp` or
`C:\Windows\Temp`. The output directory can be changed with the
`memprof.output_dir` ini setting.
* `native`: Will profile native `malloc()` allocations, not only PHP's (This is
not thread safe, see bellow).
### Profiling native allocations
Memprof doesn't track native allocations by default, but this can be enabled
by setting `MEMPROF_PROFILE` to `native`.
Native allocations are the allocations made outside of PHP's own memory
allocator. Typically, external libraries such as libxml2 (used in the DOM
extension) make native allocations. PHP can also make native allocations for
persistent resources.
Enabling native allocation tracking will profile these allocations in addition
to PHP's own allocations.
Note that when native tracking is enabled, the program will crash if a native
library uses threads, because the underlying hooks are not thread safe.
### Output format
The output file format is defined with the `memprof.output_format` ini setting. The options are:
- `callgrind` (default)
- `pprof`
**Note**: this may only be available when the extension is built from source (and not installed with pecl), as of https://github.com/arnaud-lb/php-memory-profiler/issues/101.
## Functions documentation
### memprof_enabled()
Returns whether memory profiling is currently enabled (see above).
### memprof_enabled_flags()
Returns whether memory profiling and which profiling features are enabled (see
above).
### memprof_dump_callgrind(resource $stream)
Dumps the current profile in callgrind format. The result can be visualized with tools such as
[KCacheGrind](#install-kcachegrind-on-linux) or [QCacheGrind](#install-qcachegrind-on-macos).
``` php
Example output
Array
(
[memory_size] => 11578
[blocks_count] => 236
[memory_size_inclusive] => 10497691
[blocks_count_inclusive] => 244
[calls] => 1
[called_functions] => Array
(
[main] => Array
(
[memory_size] => 288
[blocks_count] => 3
[memory_size_inclusive] => 10486113
[blocks_count_inclusive] => 8
[calls] => 1
[called_functions] => Array
(
[a] => Array
(
[memory_size] => 4
[blocks_count] => 1
[memory_size_inclusive] => 10485825
[blocks_count_inclusive] => 5
[calls] => 1
[called_functions] => Array
(
[b] => Array
(
[memory_size] => 10485821
[blocks_count] => 4
[memory_size_inclusive] => 10485821
[blocks_count_inclusive] => 4
[calls] => 1
[called_functions] => Array
(
[str_repeat] => Array
(
[memory_size] => 0
[blocks_count] => 0
[memory_size_inclusive] => 0
[blocks_count_inclusive] => 0
[calls] => 1
[called_functions] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
)
[memprof_dump_array] => Array
(
[memory_size] => 0
[blocks_count] => 0
[memory_size_inclusive] => 0
[blocks_count_inclusive] => 0
[calls] => 1
[called_functions] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
)
### memprof_version()
Returns the version of the extension as a string. The version can be compared with [version_compare()](https://php.net/version_compare).
## Troubleshooting
* The extensions may conflict with xdebug, blackfire, or other extensions. If that's the case for you, please report it.
## PHP versions
The current branch supports PHP 7.1 to PHP 8.
The php5 branch supports PHP 5.
## How it works
See [INTERNALS.md][7]
[1]: https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Hooks-for-Malloc.html#Hooks-for-Malloc
[2]: https://kcachegrind.github.io/html/Home.html
[3]: http://judy.sourceforge.net/index.html
[5]: https://github.com/gperftools/gperftools
[6]: https://www.google.com/search?q=qcachegrind
[7]: https://github.com/arnaud-lb/php-memory-profiler/blob/master/INTERNALS.md
[8]: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/php-memprof/
[9]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/AUR_helpers