https://github.com/ashfaqbs/system-design

Centralized notes, analysis, and real-world observations on system design patterns and architecture.
https://github.com/ashfaqbs/system-design

hld lld system-design

Last synced: about 1 month ago
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Centralized notes, analysis, and real-world observations on system design patterns and architecture.

• Host: GitHub
• URL: https://github.com/ashfaqbs/system-design
• Owner: Ashfaqbs
• Created: 2025-05-04T16:08:42.000Z (5 months ago)
• Default Branch: main
• Last Pushed: 2025-08-31T03:15:20.000Z (about 1 month ago)
• Last Synced: 2025-08-31T05:32:55.727Z (about 1 month ago)
• Topics: hld, lld, system-design
• Language: Java
• Homepage:
• Size: 195 KB
• Stars: 0
• Watchers: 1
• Forks: 0
• Open Issues: 0
• Metadata Files:
  • Readme: README.md

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README

          
**System Design: Enhancing System Robustness and Scalability**

---

### Understanding System Design

System design involves defining the architecture, components, modules, interfaces, and data for a system to satisfy specified requirements. It translates user requirements into a detailed blueprint that guides the implementation phase, aiming to create a well-organized and efficient structure that meets the intended purpose while considering factors like scalability, maintainability, and performance .

---

### Importance of System Design

Effective system design is crucial for:

* **Scalability**: Ensuring the system can handle increased load without performance degradation.

* **High Availability (HA)**: Designing systems to operate continuously without failure for a predefined period.

* **Disaster Recovery (DR)**: Preparing for and recovering from events that negatively affect business operations.

* **Resilience**: Building systems that can withstand and recover from unexpected disruptions.

---

### Case Study: E-commerce Platform

**Scenario Without System Design Principles**

An e-commerce platform is developed without considering system design best practices:

* **Monolithic Architecture**: All functionalities (user management, product catalog, order processing) are tightly coupled.

* **Single Database**: A single database handles all operations, becoming a bottleneck.

* **No Redundancy**: Lack of backup systems or failover mechanisms.

* **Limited Scalability**: Difficulty in handling increased user traffic during peak times.

**Consequences**:

* **Downtime**: System crashes during high traffic, leading to loss of sales.

* **Data Loss**: No backups result in loss of critical data during failures.

* **Poor User Experience**: Slow response times and frequent errors deter users.

**Scenario With System Design Principles**

Applying system design concepts transforms the platform:

* **Microservices Architecture**: Decoupling functionalities into independent services (e.g., user service, product service).

* **Distributed Databases**: Implementing databases optimized for specific services, enhancing performance.

* **Load Balancing**: Distributing incoming traffic across multiple servers to prevent overload.

* **Redundancy and Failover**: Incorporating backup systems that automatically take over during failures.

* **Scalability**: Utilizing cloud services to dynamically scale resources based on demand.

**Benefits**:

* **High Availability**: System remains operational even during component failures.

* **Disaster Recovery**: Quick restoration of services with minimal data loss.

* **Improved Performance**: Faster response times and better user satisfaction.

* **Maintainability**: Easier to update and deploy individual services without affecting the entire system.

---

### Key Concepts in System Design

* **High Availability (HA)**: Designing systems to minimize downtime and ensure continuous operation. Techniques include eliminating single points of failure and implementing reliable failover mechanisms .

* **Disaster Recovery (DR)**: Establishing policies and procedures to recover from catastrophic events. This includes regular backups, off-site storage, and recovery drills .

* **Resilience**: Building systems capable of absorbing shocks and maintaining functionality. This involves redundancy, fault tolerance, and real-time monitoring .

---

### Conclusion

Incorporating system design principles is essential for developing robust, scalable, and resilient systems. By proactively addressing potential challenges through thoughtful architecture and planning, systems can deliver consistent performance, adapt to changing demands, and recover swiftly from disruptions.