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https://github.com/automattic/juice

Juice inlines CSS stylesheets into your HTML source.
https://github.com/automattic/juice

css email html inline

Last synced: 15 days ago
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Juice inlines CSS stylesheets into your HTML source.

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README 

        
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# Juice ![](https://i.imgur.com/jN8Ht.gif)



Given HTML, juice will inline your CSS properties into the `style` attribute.



[Some projects using Juice](PROJECTS.md)



## How to use



Juice has a number of functions based on whether you want to process a file, HTML string, or a cheerio document, and whether you want juice to automatically get remote stylesheets, scripts and image dataURIs to inline.



To inline HTML without getting remote resources, using default options:



```js

var juice = require('juice');

var result = juice("div{color:red;}
");

```



result will be:

```html



```



[Try out the web client version](https://automattic.github.io/juice/)



## What is this useful for ?



- HTML emails. For a comprehensive list of supported selectors see [here](https://www.campaignmonitor.com/css/)

- Embedding HTML in 3rd-party websites.



## Documentation



Juice is exposed as a standard module, and from CLI with a smaller set of options.



### Options



All juice methods take an options object that can contain any of these properties, though not every method uses all of these:



* `applyAttributesTableElements` - whether to create attributes for styles in `juice.styleToAttribute` on elements set in `juice.tableElements`. Defaults to `true`.



* `applyHeightAttributes` - whether to use any CSS pixel heights to create `height` attributes on elements set in `juice.heightElements`. Defaults to `true`.



* `applyStyleTags` - whether to inline styles in `` Defaults to `true`.



* `applyWidthAttributes` - whether to use any CSS pixel widths to create `width` attributes on elements set in `juice.widthElements`. Defaults to `true`.



* `extraCss` - extra css to apply to the file. Defaults to `""`.



* `insertPreservedExtraCss` - whether to insert into the document any preserved `@media` or `@font-face` content from `extraCss` when using `preserveMediaQueries`, `preserveFontFaces` or `preserveKeyFrames`. When `true` order of preference to append the `` element is into `head`, then `body`, then at the end of the document. When a `string` the value is treated as a CSS/jQuery/cheerio selector, and when found, the `<style>` tag will be appended to the end of the first match. Defaults to `true`.



* `inlinePseudoElements` - Whether to insert pseudo elements (`::before` and `::after`) as `<span>` into the DOM. *Note*: Inserting pseudo elements will modify the DOM and may conflict with CSS selectors elsewhere on the page (e.g., `:last-child`).



* `preserveFontFaces` - preserves all `@font-face` within `<style>` tags as a refinement when `removeStyleTags` is `true`. Other styles are removed. Defaults to `true`.



* `preserveImportant` - preserves `!important` in values. Defaults to `false`.



* `preserveMediaQueries` - preserves all media queries (and contained styles) within `` tags as a refinement when `removeStyleTags` is `true`. Other styles are removed. Defaults to `true`.



* `preserveKeyFrames` - preserves all key frames within `` tags as a refinement when `removeStyleTags` is `true`. Other styles are removed. Defaults to `true`.



* `preservePseudos` - preserves all rules containing pseudo selectors defined in `ignoredPseudos` within `` tags as a refinement when `removeStyleTags` is `true`. Other styles are removed. Defaults to `true`.



* `removeStyleTags` - whether to remove the original `` tags after (possibly) inlining the css from them. Defaults to `true`.



* `resolveCSSVariables` - whether to resolve CSS variables. Defaults to `true`.



* `webResources` - An options object that will be passed to [web-resource-inliner](https://www.npmjs.com/package/web-resource-inliner) for juice functions that will get remote resources (`juiceResources` and `juiceFile`). Defaults to `{}`.



* `xmlMode` - whether to output XML/XHTML with all tags closed. Note that the input *must* also be valid XML/XHTML or you will get undesirable results. Defaults to `false`.



### Methods



#### juice(html [, options])



Returns string containing inlined HTML. Does not fetch remote resources.



 * `html` - html string, accepts complete documents as well as fragments

 * `options` - optional, see Options above



#### juice.juiceResources(html, options, callback)



Callback returns string containing inlined HTML. Fetches remote resources.



 * `html` - html string

 * `options` - see Options above

 * `callback(err, html)`

   - `err` - `Error` object or `null`

   - `html` - inlined HTML



#### juice.juiceFile(filePath, options, callback)



Callback returns string containing inlined HTML. Fetches remote resources.



 * `filePath` - path to the html file to be juiced

 * `options` - see Options above

 * `callback(err, html)`

   - `err` - `Error` object or `null`

   - `html` - inlined HTML



#### juice.juiceDocument($ [, options])



This takes a cheerio instance and performs inlining in-place.  Returns the

same cheerio instance.  Does not fetch remote resources.



 * `$` - a cheerio instance, be sure to use the same cheerio version that juice uses

 * `options` - optional, see Options above`



#### juice.inlineContent(html, css [, options])



This takes html and css and returns new html with the provided css inlined.

It does not look at `` or `<link rel="stylesheet">` elements at all.



 * `html` - html string

 * `css` - css string

 * `options` - optional, see Options above



#### juice.inlineDocument($, css [, options])



Given a cheerio instance and css, this modifies the cheerio instance so that the provided css is inlined. It does not look at `<style>` or `<link rel="stylesheet">` elements at all.



 * `$` - a cheerio instance, be sure to use the same cheerio version that juice uses

 * `css` - css string

 * `options` - optional, see Options above



### Global settings



#### juice.codeBlocks



An object where each value has a `start` and `end` to specify fenced code blocks that should be ignored during parsing and inlining. For example, Handlebars (hbs) templates are `juice.codeBlocks.HBS = {start: '{{', end: '}}'}`. `codeBlocks` can fix problems where otherwise juice might interpret code like `<=` as HTML, when it is meant to be template language code. Note that `codeBlocks` is a dictionary which can contain many different code blocks, so don't do `juice.codeBlocks = {...}` do `juice.codeBlocks.myBlock = {...}`



#### juice.ignoredPseudos



Array of ignored pseudo-selectors such as 'hover' and 'active'.



#### juice.widthElements



Array of HTML elements that can receive `width` attributes.



#### juice.heightElements



Array of HTML elements that can receive `height` attributes.



#### juice.styleToAttribute



Object of style property names (key) to their respective attribute names (value).



#### juice.tableElements



Array of table HTML elements that can receive attributes defined in `juice.styleToAttribute`.



#### juice.nonVisualElements



Array of elements that will not have styles inlined because they are not intended to render.



#### juiceClient.excludedProperties



Array of css properties that won't be inlined.



### Special markup



#### data-embed

When a `data-embed` attribute is present on a stylesheet `<link>` that has been inlined into the document as a `<style>` tag by the web-resource-inliner juice will not inline the styles and will not remove the `` tags.



This can be used to embed email client support hacks that rely on css selectors into your email templates.



### CLI Options



To use Juice from CLI, run `juice [options] input.html output.html`



For a listing of all available options, just type `juice -h`.



> Note that if you want to just type `juice` from the command line, you should `npm install juice -g` so it is globally available.



CLI Options:



The CLI should have all the above [options](#options) with the names changed from camel case to hyphen-delimited, so for example `extraCss` becomes `extra-css` and `webResources.scripts` becomes `web-resources-scripts`.



These are additional options not included in the standard `juice` options listed above:



- `--css [filepath]` will load and inject CSS into `extraCss`.

- `--options-file [filepath]` will load and inject options from a JSON file. Options from the CLI will be given priority over options in the file when there is a conflict.

- `codeBlocks` is optionally supported in the options file if you include it. This will allow you to support different template languages in a build process.



### Running Juice in the Browser



Attempting to Browserify `require('juice')` fails because portions of Juice and its dependencies interact with the file system using the standard `require('fs')`. However, you can `require('juice/client')` via Browserify which has support for `juiceDocument`, `inlineDocument`, and `inlineContent`, but not `juiceFile`, `juiceResources`, or `inlineExternal`. *Note that automated tests are not running in the browser yet.*



## License



MIT Licensed, see License.md



### 3rd-party



- Uses [cheerio](https://github.com/cheeriojs/cheerio) for the underlying DOM

representation.

- Uses [mensch](https://github.com/brettstimmerman/mensch) to parse out CSS and

[Slick](https://github.com/subtleGradient/slick) to tokenize them.

- Icon by [UnheardSounds](http://unheardsounds.deviantart.com/gallery/26536908#/d2ngozi)