Ecosyste.ms: Awesome
An open API service indexing awesome lists of open source software.
https://github.com/bohanyang/debi
Reinstall your VPS to minimal Debian
https://github.com/bohanyang/debi
hacktoberfest
Last synced: 28 days ago
JSON representation
Reinstall your VPS to minimal Debian
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/bohanyang/debi
- Owner: bohanyang
- License: unlicense
- Created: 2018-09-03T12:52:24.000Z (about 6 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2024-05-18T07:29:56.000Z (6 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-10-01T23:22:38.649Z (about 1 month ago)
- Topics: hacktoberfest
- Language: Shell
- Homepage:
- Size: 204 KB
- Stars: 1,386
- Watchers: 16
- Forks: 309
- Open Issues: 2
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE
Awesome Lists containing this project
README
# Debian Network Reinstall Script
[中文说明 ↓](#中文说明)
## Introduction
This script is written to reinstall VPS/VMs to minimal Debian.
## Platforms
- ✔ KVM or physical machines ❌ Containers
- ✔ Debian or Ubuntu or Red Hat Linux as original OS with GRUB 2 bootloader
- ✔ MBR or GPT partition table
- ✔ Multiple disks or LVM
- ✔ IPv4 or IPv6
- ✔ Legacy BIOS or UEFI boot
- ✔ Most VPS or cloud providers
- ⚠️ Google Compute Engine - **MUST** manually specify IP/CIDR and gateway of VPC
- ⚠️ AWS EC2 or Lightsail - Does **NOT** work with UEFI boot
## How It Works
1. Generate a preseed file to automate installation
2. Download the 'Debian-Installer' to the `/boot` directory
3. Append a menu entry of the installer to the GRUB2 configuration file
## Usage
### 1. Download
Download the script with curl:
curl -fLO https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bohanyang/debi/master/debi.sh
or wget:
wget -O debi.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bohanyang/debi/master/debi.sh
### 2. Run
Run the script under root or using sudo:
chmod a+rx debi.sh
sudo ./debi.sh
By default, an admin user `debian` with sudo privilege will be created during the installation. Use `--user root` if you prefer.
### 3. Reboot
If everything looks good, reboot the machine:
sudo shutdown -r now
Otherwise, you can run this command to revert all changes made by the script:
sudo rm -rf debi.sh /etc/default/grub.d/zz-debi.cfg /boot/debian-* && { sudo update-grub || sudo grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg; }
## Available Options
### Presets
| Region | Alias | Mirror | DNS | NTP |
|--------|----------------|--------------------------------------|------------|---------------------|
| Global | Default | https://deb.debian.org | Google | time.google.com |
| Global | `--cloudflare` | https://deb.debian.org | Cloudflare | time.cloudflare.com |
| Global | `--aws` | https://cdn-aws.deb.debian.org | Google | time.aws.com |
| China | `--ustc` | https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn | DNSPod | time.amazonaws.cn |
| China | `--tuna` | https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn | DNSPod | time.amazonaws.cn |
| China | `--aliyun` | https://mirrors.aliyun.com | AliDNS | time.amazonaws.cn |
* `--interface ` Manually select a network interface, e.g. eth1
* `--ethx` Disable *Consistent Network Device Naming* to get interface names like *ethX* back
* `--ip ` Disable the auto network config (DHCP) and configure a static IP address, e.g. `10.0.0.2`, `1.2.3.4/24`, `2001:2345:6789:abcd::ef/48`
* `--netmask ` e.g. `255.255.255.0`, `ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::`
* `--gateway ` e.g. `10.0.0.1`, `none` if no gateway
* `--dns '8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4'`
* `--dns6 '2001:4860:4860::8888 2001:4860:4860::8844'` (effective only if IPv6 is specified)
* `--hostname ` FQDN hostname (includes the domain name), e.g. `server1.example.com`
* `--network-console` Enable the network console of the installer. `ssh installer@ip` to connect
* `--version 12` Supports: `10`, `11`, `12`, `13`
* `--suite bullseye` **Please use `--version` instead if you don't have special needs.** e.g. `stable`, `testing`, `sid`
* `--release-d-i` d-i (Debian Installer) for the released versions: 12 (bookworm), 11 (bullseye) and 10 (buster)
* `--daily-d-i` Use latest daily build of d-i (Debian Installer) for the unreleased version: 13 (trixie), sid (unstable)
* `--mirror-protocol http` or `https` or `ftp`
* `--https` alias to `--mirror-protocol https`
* `--reuse-proxy` Reuse the value of `http(s)_proxy` environment variable as the mirror proxy
* `--proxy, --mirror-proxy` Set an HTTP proxy for APT and downloads
* `--mirror-host deb.debian.org`
* `--mirror-directory /debian`
* `--security-repository http://security.debian.org/debian-security` Magic value: `'mirror' = :////../debian-security`
* `--no-account-setup, --no-user` **(Manual installation)** Proceed account setup manually in VNC or remote console.
* `--username, --user debian` New user with `sudo` privilege or `root`
* `--password ` Password of the new user. **You'll be prompted if you choose to not specify it here**
* `--authorized-keys-url ` URL to your authorized keys for SSH authentication. e.g. `https://github.com/torvalds.keys`
* `--sudo-with-password` Require password when the user invokes `sudo` command
* `--timezone UTC` e.g. `Asia/Shanghai` for China (UTC+8) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones#List
* `--ntp time.google.com`
* `--no-disk-partitioning, --no-part` **(Manual installation)** Proceed disk partitioning manually in VNC or remote console
* `--disk ` Manually select a disk for installation. **Please remember to specify this when more than one disk is available!** e.g. `/dev/sda`
* `--no-force-gpt` By default, GPT rather than MBR partition table will be created. This option disables it.
* `--bios` Don't create *EFI system partition*. If GPT is being used, create a *BIOS boot partition* (`bios_grub` partition). Default if `/sys/firmware/efi` is absent. [See](https://askubuntu.com/a/501360)
* `--efi` Create an *EFI system partition*. Default if `/sys/firmware/efi` exists
* `--esp 106` Size of the *EFI system partition*. e.g. `106`, `538` and `1075` result to 100 MiB, 512 MiB, 1 GiB respectively
* `--filesystem ext4`
* `--kernel ` Choose an package for the kernel image
* `--cloud-kernel` Choose `linux-image-cloud-amd64` or `...arm64` as the kernel image
* `--bpo-kernel` Choose the kernel image from Debian Backports (newer version from the next Debian release)
* `--no-install-recommends`
* `--apt-non-free-firmware`, `--apt-non-free`, `--apt-contrib`, `--apt-src`, `--apt-backports`
* `--no-apt-non-free-firmware`, `--no-apt-non-free`, `--no-apt-contrib`, `--no-apt-src`, `--no-apt-backports`
* `--install 'ca-certificates libpam-systemd'` Install additional APT packages. Space-separated and quoted.
* `--safe-upgrade` **(Default)** `apt upgrade --with-new-pkgs`. [See](https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/pkgsel/-/blob/master/debian/postinst)
* `--full-upgrade` `apt dist-upgrade`
* `--no-upgrade`
* `--bbr` Enable TCP BBR congestion control
* `--ssh-port ` SSH port
* `--hold` Don't reboot or power off after installation
* `--power-off` Power off after installation rather than reboot
* `--architecture ` e.g. `amd64`, `i386`, `arm64`, `armhf`, etc.
* `--firmware` Load additional [non-free firmwares](https://wiki.debian.org/Firmware#Firmware_during_the_installation)
* `--no-force-efi-extra-removable` [See](https://wiki.debian.org/UEFI#Force_grub-efi_installation_to_the_removable_media_path)
* `--grub-timeout 5` How many seconds the GRUB menu shows before entering the installer
* `--force-lowmem ` Valid values: 0, 1, 2. Force [low memory level](https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/lowmem). Useful if your machine has memory less than 500M where level 2 is set (see issue #45). `--force-lowmem 1` may solve it.
* `--dry-run` Print generated preseed and GRUB entry without downloading the installer and actually saving them
* `--cidata ./cidata-example` Custom data for cloud-init. **VM provider's data source will be IGNORED.** See example.
## 中文说明
下载脚本：
```
curl -fLO https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bohanyang/debi/master/debi.sh && chmod a+rx debi.sh
```
运行脚本：
```
sudo ./debi.sh --cdn --network-console --ethx --bbr --user root --password <新系统用户密码>
```
* `--bbr` 开启 BBR
* `--ethx` 网卡名称使用传统形式，如 `eth0` 而不是 `ens3`
* `--cloud-kernel` 安装占用空间较小的 `cloud` 内核，但可能会导致 UEFI 启动的机器（如 Oracle、Azure 及 Hyper-V、Google Cloud 等）VNC 黑屏。BIOS 启动的普通 VPS 则没有此问题。
* 默认时区为 UTC，添加 `--timezone Asia/Shanghai` 可使用中国时区。
* 默认使用 Debian 官方 CDN 镜像源（deb.debian.org），添加 `--ustc` 可使用中科大镜像源。
如果没有报错可以重启：
```
sudo shutdown -r now
```
约 30 秒后可以尝试 SSH 登录 `installer` 用户，密码与之前设置的相同。如果成功连接，可以按 Ctrl-A 然后再按 4 监控安装日志。安装完成后会自动重启进入新系统。