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https://github.com/c0nsultant/homelab-as-code
IaC for going from empty disks to running HA homelab cluster managed using GitOps within 2(-ish) clicks
https://github.com/c0nsultant/homelab-as-code
ansible cloud-init devops flux gitops helm homelab k8s-at-home kubernetes netboot pxe selfhosted
Last synced: 1 day ago
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IaC for going from empty disks to running HA homelab cluster managed using GitOps within 2(-ish) clicks
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/c0nsultant/homelab-as-code
- Owner: C0nsultant
- License: apache-2.0
- Created: 2024-06-29T09:24:54.000Z (7 months ago)
- Default Branch: main
- Last Pushed: 2025-01-23T08:23:33.000Z (7 days ago)
- Last Synced: 2025-01-23T09:22:37.654Z (7 days ago)
- Topics: ansible, cloud-init, devops, flux, gitops, helm, homelab, k8s-at-home, kubernetes, netboot, pxe, selfhosted
- Language: Shell
- Homepage:
- Size: 557 KB
- Stars: 0
- Watchers: 1
- Forks: 0
- Open Issues: 5
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE
Awesome Lists containing this project
README
Bootstrap and GitOps sources to get my baremetal homelab set up consistently.
# 🏡 Homelab-as-Code (HaC™)
This repository was born out of the need to better manage an ever-growing homelab environment.
After starting with a simple single-node Docker Compose setup, the increasing number of services began to make maintenance and updates more challenging.
As the complexity grew, it became clear that a more structured, Infrastructure-as-Code approach was needed to:
- keep configurations versioned and thus better documented
- make deployments more consistently repeatable and reliable
- simplify the process of adding new services without
- enable easier backup and disaster recovery
- provide better scalability and resilience beyond a single node
I decided to take this opportunity to properly learn Kubernetes hands-on, embracing the complexity and "feeling the pain" that comes with it rather than _just_ having the theoretical knowledge.
This repo serves as both documentation of my setup as well as a real-world learning experience in managing infrastructure that I rely upon as code.
PS: This setup is mature enough to be girlfriend-approved. 😉
## 🔰 Overview
At the highest possible level, this repo and HaC workflow consists of three parts:
- [cloud-init](cloud-init) contains the stage 1 bootstrapping for the cluster nodes.
This includes only the very basic OS-level configuration required for the others stages of this workflow.
The contained shell script creates all files required to install the OS via [network boot](https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/how-to-netboot-the-server-installer-on-amd64) and without user interaction.
_Triggering_ the network-boot installation is out-of-scope for the moment.
After completion of the cloud-init [autoinstall](https://canonical-subiquity.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/intro-to-autoinstall.html), all nodes reboot and are ready to accept SSH connections.
- [ansible](ansible) contains the stage 2 system configuration for the cluster nodes.
This includes a range of tasks including power management, networking setup, and most importantly bootstrapping the kubernetes cluster using [kubeadm](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/).
The contained ansible playbook and roles perform the required tasks on the nodes via an SSH and a dedicated ansible user created in the previous step.
After completion of this stage, the kubernetes cluster is set up with [HA](https://kube-vip.io/) control planes, joined worker nodes, dual-stack [CNI](https://www.tigera.io/tigera-products/calico/), almost working [OIDC authn](https://dexidp.io/), and last but not least a bootstrapped [GitOps](https://fluxcd.io/) setup that is ready to start reconciling.
- [flux](flux) contains the final stage 3 GitOps cluster configuration.
This includes everything running _inside_ kubernetes in the cluster and ranges from basic system infrastructure like [load balancer](https://metallb.io/), [ingress](https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx/), and [CSI](https://longhorn.io/) to more user-style applications such as [password manager](https://bitwarden.com/) and [file management](https://nextcloud.com/) apps.
The contained flux kustomizations are automatically installed and/or reconciled on the cluster without* user interaction.
This process is staggered since there is an inherent dependency between some of the components.
After completion of this stage, the cluster is fully set up and ready for use.
## 📐 Tech Stack
| Component | Purpose | Notes |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [Ubuntu Server 24.04](https://ubuntu.com/server) | Base Operating System | |
| [cloud-init](https://cloud-init.io/) | Headless OS Installation | see [cloud-init/README.md](cloud-init/README.md) |
| [Ansible](https://ansible.com/) | OS Configuration | |
| [kubeadm](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/) | k8s _Distribution_ / Install Mechanism | stacked HA controlplanes |
| [containerd](https://containerd.io/) | OCI Runtime | |
| [Calico](https://www.tigera.io/tigera-products/calico/) | CNI | dual-stack nodes and services |
| [kube-vip](https://kube-vip.io/) | Virtual IP for controlplane Nodes | used in L2/ARP mode |
| [Flux2](https://fluxcd.io) | GitOps Automation inside the Cluster | |
| [SOPS](https://getsops.io/) | Secrets Management | [age](https://age-encryption.org/) rather than pgp, but not any more user-friendly |
## 📱 Applications
### 🤖 System-Level
Name
Purpose
Notes
metallb
Cloud-Native Service LoadBalancer
used in L2/ARP mode, so only VIP rather than true LB
external-dns
DNS Management Automation
split-horizon realized using opnsense webhook
cert-manager
Automated Certificate Management
Let's Encrypt via ACME DNS
ingress-nginx
Ingress Controller
Renovate Bot
Dependency Update Automation
used for multiple repos, not just this one
longhorn
Cloud-Native Distributed Block Storage CSI
democratic-csi
CSI for Common External Storage Systems
using the freenas-nfs implementation
stash
Cloud-Native Backup/Restore
freemium/open core, but really good
CloudNativePG
Cloud-Native PostgreSQL Operator
Grafana
Montoring and Observability
Prometheus
Metrics Aggregation and Storage
Loki
Log Aggregation and Storage
descheduler
Pod Eviction for Node Balancing
reloader
Hot-Reload for ALL Workloads
Dex
OIDC Provider
used for api-server authentication
metrics-server
Metrics API
Goldilocks
Resource Recommendation Engine
Vertical Pod Autoscaler
Workload Resource Scaler
used exclusively for Goldilocks recommendations
### 👨💻 User-Level
Name
Purpose
Notes
Pi-hole
Filtering DNS Proxy
Nextcloud
File Storage and Management
Vaultwarden
API-compatible Password Manager
Immich
Photo/Video Storage and Management
Paperless-ngx
Document Management System
Firefly III
Personal Finance Manager
Homepage
Application Dashboard
Fresh-RSS
RSS Aggregator
RSS-Bridge
Unofficial RSS Feeds of ANY Source
any as long as you know some PHP
Jellyfin
Media Streaming and Management
Gluetun
VPN Gateway
qBittorrent
Torrent Client
SABnzbd
Usenet Client
Stirling PDF
Swiss-Army Knife for PDFs
Overleaf
LaTeX Editor
UniFi Network Application
AP Administration and Management
n8n
Workflow Automation
freemium/open core
## ☁️ Cloud Dependencies
While the ultimate goal is to have as self-sufficient of a setup as possible, some external services are still required for proper operation.
| Service | Purpose | Notes |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| [GitHub](https://github.com/) | Git Repository Hosting, GitOps Source | |
| [INWX](https://www.inwx.de/) | Domain Registrar | |
| [Cloudflare](https://www.cloudflare.com/) | Public DNS Auth Hosting | |
| [netcup](https://www.netcup.de/) | Public Reverse-Proxy for Relevant Services | not _yet_ managed here since the number of public services is tiny |
| [BackBlaze](https://www.backblaze.com/) | Cloud Storage for Backups | the "3" in 3-2-1 for the really important data |
| [TailScale](https://tailscale.com/) | Overlay VPN | used for split-horizon and a direct connection back home |
| VPN Provider | VPN Gateway | different external IP for all the Linux ISOs |