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https://github.com/cmbant/planckearlylcdm

Planck parameter chains independent of late-time cosmology
https://github.com/cmbant/planckearlylcdm

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Planck parameter chains independent of late-time cosmology

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# Planck PR4 TTTEEE+lowE+lensing Early ΛCDM Parameter Chains

This repository contains the early ΛCDM cosmological parameter chains derived from the Planck from the paper **"CMB Constraints on the Early Universe Independent of Late-Time Cosmology"** by Pablo Lemos and Antony Lewis ([arXiv:2302.12911](https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.12911)).

## Overview

The early ΛCDM parameter chains allow for robust constraints on the early universe's physics while being minimally influenced by assumptions about late-time cosmology. By leveraging empirical constraints on CMB lensing and weak priors on integrated effects such as the Sachs-Wolfe effect and foreground contributions, these chains provide insights into the early universe that are independent of the complexities of late-time structure growth.

## Data

The chains were generated using [Cobaya](https://github.com/CobayaSampler/cobaya) and use:
- Planck PR4 CamSpec likelihood
- Temperature and polarization data (TTTEEE) at ℓ ≥ 30
- Low-ℓ EE polarization data
- Planck PR4 lensing likelihood

## Methodology

Parameters are constrained using an approach that:
- Models CMB lensing empirically using a spline fit to the lensing power spectrum
- Excludes low-ℓ temperature data (ℓ < 30) to avoid ISW sensitivity
- Models residual ISW at ℓ ≥ 30 with a template
- Uses empirical foreground templates
- Treats reionization through a single τ parameter

## Usage

Chains can be analysed or visualized using [GetDist](https://getdist.readthedocs.io/).

The .covmat file has the parameter covariance for Gaussian approximations.

To use a simple Gaussian approximation to the likelihood in Cobaya you can use [gaussian_mixture](https://cobaya.readthedocs.io/en/latest/likelihood_gaussian_mixture.html), e.g. for 3-parameters

```
likelihood:
gaussian_mixture:
means: [[1.04103e-2, 0.02223, 0.1192]]
covs: [[6.8552146e-16, 1.4486860e-12, -1.4105674e-11],
[1.4486860e-12, 2.1344167e-08, -1.1534501e-07],
[-1.4105674e-11, -1.1534501e-07, 1.6977630e-06]]
input_params: ['thetastar', 'ombh2', 'omch2']
output_params: []
```
Note that you must have thetastar, ombh2 and omch2 defined in the same order in your input sampling yaml.

## Citation

If you use these chains or the associated analyses in your work, please cite:
```
@article{Lemos:2023xhs,
author = "Lemos, Pablo and Lewis, Antony",
title = "{CMB constraints on the early Universe independent of late-time cosmology}",
eprint = "2302.12911",
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
primaryClass = "astro-ph.CO",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.107.103505",
journal = "Phys. Rev. D",
volume = "107",
number = "10",
pages = "103505",
year = "2023"
}ar={2023}
}
```