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https://github.com/corinnekost/goan

Repository to learn Git
https://github.com/corinnekost/goan

git github

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Repository to learn Git

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README 

          
- Check if Git is installed on your computer

	- `git --version`



# Repositories

## GitHub

- What's the difference between Git and GitHub?

	- Git is the tool that allows software engineers to track changes

	- GitHub is the website that hosts Git repositories

	- You can use Git without GitHub, but you cannot use GitHub without Git

- Code is stored in **repositories** (repos) on GitHub, which are like folders for your code files and resources

##  Git Commands

## Using Git

- You have a repository on GitHub

- Now we will push our code to the **remote repository**

- It's empty right now, so let's work on adding some code

## Git Init

- `git init` initializes a new Git repository

- First command you run when you have a new project and want to **start tracking changes**

- When you run this command, Git will create a new directory named .git in your project folder

	- This directory contains all the information about your project's history and configuration

	- The terminal will output the following once completed successfully:

		- `Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/username/.git`

## Git Remote

- Now we need to connect our local repository (folder on computer) with our remote repository (the link on GitHub)

- We can use `remote add` to connect our local and remote repositories

	- `git remote add origin `

## Git Branch

- Let's rename the branch to `main`

- This will be the branch we *push code to* and will be default branch

	- `git branch -M main`

## Instructions

- Navigate to your project folder or directory on your computer

	- This can be any .py, .html, .css, .js file

- Open your selected folder in a code editor of your choice

- Open a terminal or command prompt

	- In VS Code, you can open the terminal with `CTRL + '`' or go to Terminal > New Terminal

- Once here, we're ready to connect our code on our device to our GitHub repo

- Before we begin, we want to make sure that your terminal is in the correct place to initialize the repository

	- `pwd`

- Next, create a connection between the file in our machine and the GitHub repo by linking them with the `git init`, `git remote add`, and `git branch` commands

- To check we have successfully connected our local and remote repositories and renamed the branch, run the following command:

```

git branch

// Output:

// * main

```

- If you see `main` in the output you're all set



# Git Workflow

## Working Directory

- The **working directory** is where you have the files and folders on your computer that you're actively working on or changing

- When you make changes to your files, Git will track these changes and allow you to move them to the staging area

## Staging Area / Index

- The **staging area** is a status of files and folders within your project that tells Git "Hey, I'm getting ready to go online"

- Temporary area where you pick and choose what files you want to "commit" or send to the remote repository

- Using the `git add` command allows us to do so; variation examples:

	- `git add example.txt` will add the single file to the staging area

		- If you only want one of your working files to show up on GitHub rather than the rest of your project, consider specifying a specific file

	- `git add .` will add **all** the changed files to the staging area

		- This means that any new file added or changed to the working directory will be included

	- `git add *.html` will only stage files with a specified extension

		- In this example, this command will only add **.html** files

## Committed Files

- Committing files are about sharing the current code as a "snapshot" that GitHub online has access to

- Commits help us separate different actions in our code, and allow us to add helpful messages so we know and keep track of changes

- Typical project commit examples:

	- `initial commit` - our first commit

	- `add fun pics to header` - developer added a header to their project

	- `fixed again fr this time!!!` - developer fixed a bug

- **Note**: commit messages get silly when you're working on your own for a while, but short, clear, and descriptive messages are needed when working on a team

- We want messages to explain what we're doing to the code so other devs can know what was worked on at a glance

- Commit your staged files:

	- `git commit -m 'Your commit message here!'`

## Instructions

- Go back to your terminal or command prompt, and navigate to your project folder

- Use `git add .` to commit all the files in your project folder to the staging area

- Then use `git commit -m 'Initial Commit'` to write your first commit message



# Local Push

## Git Status

- The `git status` command is used to check the status of your files

- It is a handy command that will show you which files are staged, unstaged, and untracked

	- **Staged** files are ready to be committed

	- **Unstaged** files are not yet ready to be committed

	- **Untracked** files are new files that Git has not seen before

- Check the status of your files: 

	- `git status`

## Git Push

- The `git push` command is used to send your locally committed changes to your remote repository

- You'll see all the changes you've made on GitHub

- The very first time you push to a branch, the command usually looks like this:

	- `git push -u origin main`

		- This links your local branch to the remote branch so that the future push commands will automatically apply to this branch without needing to specify it each time

- Once that's set, any commits you push to this branch will just require `git push`

- When that's done, you'll be able to refresh your GitHub repository URl, and see your changes online

## Instructions

- Using the command from this lesson, push your code to GitHub

- Check to make sure this was successful by refreshing the page

# README

## Review

- Create a new repository on local machine

	- `git init`

- Connecting our local repository to GitHub

	- `git remote add origin https://github.com/corinnekost/goan.git`

- Rename a branch to main

	- `git branch -M main`

- Stage and commit changes

	- `git add .`

	- `git commit -m "initial commit"`

- Check the status of our files

	- `git status`

- Push code to GitHub

	- `git push -u origin main`

## Instructions

- Create a new file in your project folder called README.md

- Open the file in your code editor and add some text to describe your repository

- Save the file and commit it to your local repository

- Push the changes to GitHub