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https://github.com/crccheck/django-object-actions

A Django app for easily adding object tools in the Django admin
https://github.com/crccheck/django-object-actions

django django-admin python

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A Django app for easily adding object tools in the Django admin

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README 

        
# Django Object Actions



[![CI](https://github.com/crccheck/django-object-actions/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://github.com/crccheck/django-object-actions/actions/workflows/ci.yml?query=branch%3Amaster)



If you've ever tried making admin object tools you may have thought, "why can't

this be as easy as making Django Admin Actions?" Well now they can be.



## Quick-Start Guide



Install Django Object Actions:



```shell

$ pip install django-object-actions

```



Add `django_object_actions` to your `INSTALLED_APPS` so Django can find

our templates.



In your admin.py:



```python

from django_object_actions import DjangoObjectActions, action



class ArticleAdmin(DjangoObjectActions, admin.ModelAdmin):

    @action(label="Publish", description="Submit this article") # optional

    def publish_this(self, request, obj):

        publish_obj(obj)



    change_actions = ('publish_this', )

    changelist_actions = ('...', )

```



## Usage



Defining new _tool actions_ is just like defining regular [admin actions]. The

major difference is the functions for `django-object-actions` will take an

object instance instead of a queryset (see _Re-using Admin Actions_ below).



_Tool actions_ are exposed by putting them in a `change_actions` attribute in

your `admin.ModelAdmin`. You can also add _tool actions_ to the main changelist

views too. There, you'll get a queryset like a regular [admin action][admin actions]:



```python

from django_object_actions import DjangoObjectActions



class MyModelAdmin(DjangoObjectActions, admin.ModelAdmin):

    @action(

        label="This will be the label of the button",  # optional

        description="This will be the tooltip of the button" # optional

    )

    def toolfunc(self, request, obj):

        pass



    def make_published(modeladmin, request, queryset):

        queryset.update(status='p')



    change_actions = ('toolfunc', )

    changelist_actions = ('make_published', )

```



Just like admin actions, you can send a message with `self.message_user`.

Normally, you would do something to the object and return to the same url, but

if you return a `HttpResponse`, it will follow it (hey, just like [admin

actions]!).



If your admin modifies `get_urls`, `change_view`, or `changelist_view`,

you'll need to take extra care because `django-object-actions` uses them too.



### Re-using Admin Actions



If you would like a preexisting admin action to also be an _object action_, add

the `takes_instance_or_queryset` decorator to convert object instances into a

queryset and pass querysets:



```python

from django_object_actions import DjangoObjectActions, takes_instance_or_queryset



class RobotAdmin(DjangoObjectActions, admin.ModelAdmin):

    # ... snip ...



    @takes_instance_or_queryset

    def tighten_lug_nuts(self, request, queryset):

        queryset.update(lugnuts=F('lugnuts') - 1)



    change_actions = ['tighten_lug_nuts']

    actions = ['tighten_lug_nuts']

```



[admin actions]: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/ref/contrib/admin/actions/



### Customizing _Object Actions_



To give the action some a helpful title tooltip, you can use the `action` decorator

and set the description argument.



```python

@action(description="Increment the vote count by one")

def increment_vote(self, request, obj):

    obj.votes = obj.votes + 1

    obj.save()

```



Alternatively, you can also add a `short_description` attribute,

similar to how admin actions work:



```python

def increment_vote(self, request, obj):

    obj.votes = obj.votes + 1

    obj.save()

increment_vote.short_description = "Increment the vote count by one"

```



By default, Django Object Actions will guess what to label the button

based on the name of the function. You can override this with a `label`

attribute:



```python

@action(label="Vote++")

def increment_vote(self, request, obj):

    obj.votes = obj.votes + 1

    obj.save()

```



or



```python

def increment_vote(self, request, obj):

    obj.votes = obj.votes + 1

    obj.save()

increment_vote.label = "Vote++"

```



If you need even more control, you can add arbitrary attributes to the buttons

by adding a Django widget style

[attrs](https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/ref/forms/widgets/#django.forms.Widget.attrs)

attribute:



```python

@action(attrs = {'class': 'addlink'})

def increment_vote(self, request, obj):

    obj.votes = obj.votes + 1

    obj.save()

```



or



```python

def increment_vote(self, request, obj):

    obj.votes = obj.votes + 1

    obj.save()

increment_vote.attrs = {

    'class': 'addlink',

}

```



### Programmatically Disabling Actions



You can programmatically disable registered actions by defining your own

custom `get_change_actions()` method. In this example, certain actions

only apply to certain object states (e.g. You should not be able to

close an company account if the account is already closed):



```python

def get_change_actions(self, request, object_id, form_url):

    actions = super(PollAdmin, self).get_change_actions(request, object_id, form_url)

    actions = list(actions)

    if not request.user.is_superuser:

        return []



    obj = self.model.objects.get(pk=object_id)

    if obj.question.endswith('?'):

        actions.remove('question_mark')



    return actions

```



The same is true for changelist actions with `get_changelist_actions`.



### Using POST instead of GET for actions



⚠️ This is a beta feature and subject to change



Since actions usually change data, for safety and semantics, it would be

preferable that actions use a HTTP POST instead of a GET.



You can configure an action to only use POST with:



```python

@action(methods=("POST",), button_type="form")

```



One caveat is Django's styling is pinned to anchor tags[^1], so to maintain

visual consistency, we have to use anchor tags and use JavaScript to make it act

like the submit button of the form.



[^1]: https://github.com/django/django/blob/826ef006681eae1e9b4bd0e4f18fa13713025cba/django/contrib/admin/static/admin/css/base.css#L786



### Alternate Installation



You don't have to add this to `INSTALLED_APPS`, all you need to to do

is copy the template `django_object_actions/change_form.html` some place

Django's template loader [will find

it](https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/stable/ref/settings/#template-dirs).



If you don't intend to use the template customizations at all, don't

add `django_object_actions` to your `INSTALLED_APPS` at all and use

`BaseDjangoObjectActions` instead of `DjangoObjectActions`.



## More Examples



Making an action that links off-site:



```python

def external_link(self, request, obj):

    from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect

    return HttpResponseRedirect(f'https://example.com/{obj.id}')

```



## Limitations



1.  `django-object-actions` expects functions to be methods of the model

    admin. While Django gives you a lot more options for their admin

    actions.

2.  If you provide your own custom `change_form.html`, you'll also need

    to manually copy in the relevant bits of [our change form

    ](./django_object_actions/templates/django_object_actions/change_form.html).

3.  Security. This has been written with the assumption that everyone in

    the Django admin belongs there. Permissions should be enforced in

    your own actions irregardless of what this provides. Better default

    security is planned for the future.



## Python and Django compatibility



See [`ci.yml`](./.github/workflows/ci.yml) for which Python and Django versions this supports.



## Demo Admin & Docker images



You can try the demo admin against several versions of Django with these Docker

images: https://hub.docker.com/r/crccheck/django-object-actions/tags



This runs the example Django project in `./example_project` based on the "polls"

tutorial. `admin.py` demos what you can do with this app.



## Development



Getting started:



```shell

# get a copy of the code

git clone [email protected]:crccheck/django-object-actions.git

cd django-object-actions

# Install requirements

make install

make test  # run test suite

make quickstart  # runs 'make resetdb' and some extra steps

```



Various helpers are available as make commands. Type `make help` and

view the `Makefile` to see what other things you can do.



Some commands assume you are in the virtualenv. If you see

"ModuleNotFoundError"s, try running `poetry shell` first.



## Similar Packages



[Django Modal Actions](https://github.com/Mng-dev-ai/django-modal-actions) can

open a simple form in a modal dialog.



If you want an actions menu for each row of your changelist, check out [Django

Admin Row Actions](https://github.com/DjangoAdminHackers/django-admin-row-actions).