https://github.com/cyberscoper/esp8266-htu21d-weather-station
π‘οΈπ§ An autonomous, solar-powered weather station built with ESP8266 (ESP-12E). It measures temperature, humidity, illuminance, dew point, and heat index using HTU21D & TSL2561 sensors, and sends data to ThingSpeak every 15 minutes. Includes Deep Sleep for energy efficiency and a 3D-printed enclosure for outdoor use.
https://github.com/cyberscoper/esp8266-htu21d-weather-station
cpp esp12e esp8266 htu21d solar-energy thingspeak tsl2561 weather-station
Last synced: 23 days ago
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π‘οΈπ§ An autonomous, solar-powered weather station built with ESP8266 (ESP-12E). It measures temperature, humidity, illuminance, dew point, and heat index using HTU21D & TSL2561 sensors, and sends data to ThingSpeak every 15 minutes. Includes Deep Sleep for energy efficiency and a 3D-printed enclosure for outdoor use.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/cyberscoper/esp8266-htu21d-weather-station
- Owner: CyberScoper
- License: mit
- Created: 2024-11-04T19:16:22.000Z (6 months ago)
- Default Branch: main
- Last Pushed: 2025-03-26T13:25:59.000Z (about 1 month ago)
- Last Synced: 2025-03-26T14:39:00.427Z (about 1 month ago)
- Topics: cpp, esp12e, esp8266, htu21d, solar-energy, thingspeak, tsl2561, weather-station
- Language: C++
- Homepage: https://thingspeak.mathworks.com/channels/2749663
- Size: 59.6 KB
- Stars: 3
- Watchers: 1
- Forks: 0
- Open Issues: 0
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE
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README
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# βοΈ ESP8266 Weather Station (HTU21D + TSL2561) with Solar Power and ThingSpeak
This project is an **autonomous outdoor weather station** built around the **ESP8266 (ESP-12E)** microcontroller. It measures **temperature, humidity, illuminance (lux), dew point, and heat index**, then sends the data to **ThingSpeak** every **15 minutes**.
**β‘οΈ Key Highlights**
- Solar-powered (using TP4057 and a LiPo 2000 mAh battery)
- Deep Sleep for energy efficiency (15 minutes)
- Sensors:
- **HTU21D** for temperature and humidity
- **TSL2561** for illuminance
- Calculates **dew point** and **heat index**
- Uses **AMS1117** (3.3 V) as a linear regulator (simple but not very power-efficient)
## ThingSpeak Channel
- **π Live data**: [ThingSpeak link](https://thingspeak.mathworks.com/channels/2749663)
## 3D-Printed Enclosure
- π We use a **3D-printed case** to protect the device:
[Thingiverse Model](https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:5810438)
---
## π§· Features
1. **ESP8266 (ESP-12E)** β Wi-Fi connectivity and data transmission
2. **HTU21D** β temperature & humidity measurements
3. **TSL2561** β illuminance measurement (lux)
4. **Dew Point & Heat Index** β computed from sensor data
5. **Data Upload to ThingSpeak** β via simple HTTP GET requests
6. **Solar Power** β recharges a LiPo battery through **TP4057**
7. **Deep Sleep (15 min)** β minimizes power consumption
8. **AMS1117** β used between the LiPo and the ESP8266 (simple, but draws ~5β10 mA quiescent current)
---
## π Hardware Components
| Component | Purpose |
|-------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| **ESP-12E (ESP8266)** | Main microcontroller with Wi-Fi |
| **HTU21D** | Temperature & humidity sensor |
| **TSL2561** | Illuminance (lux) sensor |
| **TP4057** | LiPo charging module |
| **LiPo 2000 mAh** | Rechargeable battery |
| **AMS1117 (3.3 V)** | Linear regulator (simple but not the most efficient) |
| **5V Solar Panel** | Charges the battery via TP4057 |
| **3D-printed enclosure**| Protects the device from weather (Thingiverse design) |
> **Note on AMS1117**: It is easy to use but has a relatively high quiescent current (5β10 mA), which reduces battery life. For better efficiency, consider a low-dropout regulator (e.g., MCP1700) or a DC-DC converter.
---
## πWiring
### 1. Sensors (IΒ²C)
**HTU21D** β ESP8266
```
VCC -> 3.3V
GND -> GND
SDA -> GPIO4 (D2)
SCL -> GPIO5 (D1)
```
**TSL2561** β ESP8266
```
VCC -> 3.3V
GND -> GND
SDA -> GPIO4 (D2) [shared with HTU21D]
SCL -> GPIO5 (D1) [shared with HTU21D]
```
### π 2. Power (Solar + TP4057 + LiPo + AMS1117)
- **Solar Panel (5V)** β **TP4057 IN**
- **TP4057 OUT** β **LiPo battery** (3.7 V nominal)
- **LiPo** β **AMS1117 VIN**
- **AMS1117 VOUT** β **3.3 V** to power the ESP8266
### 3. ESP8266 Pins
| Pin | Connection |
|-----------|---------------------------------------------|
| **VCC** | 3.3V (from AMS1117) |
| **GND** | GND |
| **EN** | 3.3V via 10kΞ© resistor (CH_PD) |
| **GPIO16**| Connect to RST (for Deep Sleep) |
| **GPIO0** | GND during flashing, then 3.3V (via 10kΞ©) |
| **GPIO2,15** | Standard ESP8266 boot configuration |
---
## π₯ Arduino IDE Setup
1. **Install Arduino IDE** from the [official website](https://www.arduino.cc/en/software).
2. In Arduino IDE, go to:
```
File > Preferences > Additional Boards Manager URLs
```
and add:
```
https://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json
```
3. **Open Boards Manager** (`Tools > Board > Boards Manager`), search for **esp8266**, and install **"ESP8266 by ESP8266 Community"**.
4. Choose **Generic ESP8266 Module** (or **NodeMCU 1.0**) in the **Tools > Board** menu.
---
## π Required Libraries
- **ESP8266WiFi** *(bundled with ESP8266 platform)*
- **Wire** *(standard IΒ²C library)*
- **Adafruit HTU21DF**
- **Adafruit Unified Sensor**
- **Adafruit TSL2561**
- **ESP8266HTTPClient** *(bundled with ESP8266 platform)*
Install them via **Sketch > Include Library > Manage Libraries** in Arduino IDE.
---
## π‘ Flashing the ESP8266
1. **Connect** ESP8266 to your PC via a USB-UART adapter (e.g., CH340, FTDI).
2. **Enter flashing mode**:
- **GPIO0 β GND**
- **RESET** (toggle) or power-cycle
- Now the ESP8266 is ready for programming
3. **Select** the correct board (e.g., Generic ESP8266) and **serial port** in Arduino IDE.
4. **Upload** the sketch.
5. After successful flashing, **disconnect GPIO0** from GND (pull it up to 3.3V), then **reset** the module.
---
## π Adjusting the Data Send Interval
The code uses **Deep Sleep** for power saving. The default sleep time is **15 minutes**, set in microseconds:
```cpp
#define SLEEP_TIME 900e6 // 15 minutes (900,000,000 Β΅s)
```
- **1 second** = `1e6` Β΅s
- **1 minute** = `60 * 1e6` Β΅s
- Example: 5 minutes = `300e6`, 30 minutes = `1800e6`
**Important**: Connect **GPIO16** to **RST** so the ESP8266 can wake from Deep Sleep.
---
## ThingSpeak Fields
| Field | Description | Unit |
|---------|---------------|------|
| Field1 | Temperature | Β°C |
| Field2 | Humidity | % |
| Field3 | Illuminance | lux |
| Field4 | Dew Point | Β°C |
| Field5 | Heat Index | Β°C |
Set your **Wi-Fi** credentials and **ThingSpeak API key** in the sketch:
```cpp
// Wi-Fi settings
#define STASSID "your_wifi_ssid"
#define STAPSK "your_wifi_password"
// ThingSpeak API
const char* apiKey = "your_thingspeak_api_key";
const char* server = "api.thingspeak.com";
```
---
## Power Consumption Notes
- Using **AMS1117** is straightforward, but it has a relatively high quiescent current (5β10 mA).
- This can limit battery life in long-term operation.
- For better efficiency, use a **low-quiescent-current LDO** (e.g., MCP1700, HT7333) or a **DC-DC converter**.
---
## π Future Plans
- Add a **UV sensor** (e.g., VEML6075)
- Integrate **MQTT** for Home Assistant or Node-RED
- Create a **local web interface** for real-time data visualization
---
## π License
This project is released under the **MIT License**. Feel free to use, modify, and distribute!
If you have any questions or suggestions, open an [Issue](https://github.com/CyberScoper/ESP8266-HTU21D-Weather-Station/issues).