https://github.com/danieldelcore/learning-italian
🇮🇹🍕🍝
https://github.com/danieldelcore/learning-italian
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🇮🇹🍕🍝
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/danieldelcore/learning-italian
- Owner: danieldelcore
- Created: 2019-10-31T01:29:33.000Z (over 6 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2021-07-07T01:08:47.000Z (almost 5 years ago)
- Last Synced: 2025-03-06T14:52:55.424Z (over 1 year ago)
- Size: 142 KB
- Stars: 6
- Watchers: 2
- Forks: 1
- Open Issues: 2
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
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README
# Let's Learn Italian 🇮🇹🍕🍝
...word association with emojis!
## Table of contents
- [1000 most used Italian words](#most-used-words)
- [Cognates](#cognates)
- [Group 1](#cognates-group-1)
- [Group 2](#cognates-group-2)
- [Group 3](#cognates-group-3)
- [Group 4](#cognates-group-4)
- [Group 5](#cognates-group-5)
- [Group 6](#cognates-group-6)
- [Numbers](#numbers)
- [Days of the week](#days-of-the-week)
- [Months](#months)
## ~1000 most used Italian words
~1000 most used Italian words
- **io**: I
- **il suo**: his
- **che**: that
- **lui**: he
- **era**: was
- **per**: for
- **su**: on
- **sono**: are
- **con**: with
- **essi**: they
- **essere**: be
- **a**: at
- **avere**: have
- **questo**: this
- **da**: from
- **da**: by
- **caldo**: hot
- **parola**: word
- **ma**: but
- **cosa**: what
- **alcuni**: some
- **è**: is
- **esso**: it
- **voi**: you
- **o**: or
- **aveva**: had
- **il**: the
- **di**: of
- **a**: to
- **e**: and
- **un**: a
- **in**: in
- **noi**: we
- **lattina**: can
- **fuori**: out
- **altro**: other
- **erano**: were
- **che**: which
- **fare**: do
- **loro**: their
- **tempo**: time
- **se**: if
- **volontà**: will
- **come**: how
- **suddetto**: said
- **un**: an
- **ogni**: each
- **dire**: tell
- **fa**: does
- **set**: set
- **tre**: three
- **desiderare**: want
- **aria**: air
- **bene**: well
- **anche**: also
- **giocare**: play
- **piccolo**: small
- **fine**: end
- **mettere**: put
- **casa**: home
- **leggere**: read
- **mano**: hand
- **porto**: port
- **grande**: large
- **compitare**: spell
- **aggiungere**: add
- **anche**: even
- **terra**: land
- **qui**: here
- **mosto**: must
- **grande**: big
- **alto**: high
- **tale**: such
- **seguire**: follow
- **atto**: act
- **perché**: why
- **chiedere**: ask
- **maschi**: men
- **cambiamento**: change
- **è andato**: went
- **luce**: light
- **tipo**: kind
- **spento**: off
- **bisogno**: need
- **casa**: house 🏠
- **immagine**: picture
- **provare**: try
- **noi**: us
- **di nuovo**: again
- **animale**: animal
- **punto**: point
- **madre**: mother
- **mondo**: world
- **vicino**: near
- **costruire**: build
- **se stesso**: self
- **terra**: earth
- **padre**: father
- **qualsiasi**: any
- **nuovo**: new
- **lavoro**: work
- **parte**: part
- **prendere**: take
- **ottenere**: get
- **posto**: place
- **fatto**: made
- **vivere**: live
- **dove**: where
- **dopo**: after
- **indietro**: back
- **poco**: little
- **solo**: only
- **turno**: round
- **uomo**: man
- **anno**: year
- **è venuto**: came
- **spettacolo**: show
- **ogni**: every
- **buono**: good
- **me**: me
- **dare**: give
- **il nostro**: our
- **sotto**: under
- **nome**: name
- **molto**: very
- **attraverso**: through
- **solo**: just
- **forma**: form
- **frase**: sentence
- **grande**: great
- **pensare**: think
- **dire**: say
- **aiutare**: help
- **basso**: low
- **linea**: line
- **differire**: differ
- **turno**: turn
- **causa**: cause
- **molto**: much
- **dire**: mean
- **prima**: before
- **spostare**: move
- **diritto**: right
- **ragazzo**: boy
- **vecchio**: old
- **troppo**: too
- **stesso**: same
- **lei**: she
- **tutto**: all
- **ci**: there
- **quando**: when
- **su**: up
- **uso**: use
- **il tuo**: your
- **modo**: way
- **circa**: about
- **molti**: many
- **allora**: then
- **loro**: them
- **scrivere**: write
- **sarebbe**: would
- **come**: like
- **così**: so
- **queste**: these
- **lei**: her
- **lungo**: long
- **rendere**: make
- **cosa**: thing
- **vedere**: see
- **lui**: him
- **ha**: has
- **guardare**: look
- **di più**: more
- **giorno**: day
- **potuto**: could
- **andare**: go
- **venire**: come
- **ha fatto**: did
- **numero**: number
- **suono**: sound
- **no**: no
- **più**: most
- **persone**: people
- **il mio**: my
- **oltre**: over
- **sapere**: know
- **acqua**: water 💧
- **di**: than
- **chiamata**: call
- **primo**: first
- **che**: who
- **può**: may
- **giù**: down
- **lato**: side
- **stato**: been
- **ora**: now
- **trovare**: find
- **testa**: head
- **stare in piedi**: stand
- **proprio**: own
- **pagina**: page 📃
- **dovrebbe**: should
- **paese**: country
- **fondare**: found
- **risposta**: answer
- **scuola**: school 🏫
- **crescere**: grow
- **studio**: study
- **ancora**: still
- **imparare**: learn
- **impianto**: plant 🌱
- **copertura**: cover
- **cibo**: food
- **sole**: sun 🌞
- **quattro**: four
- **fra**: between
- **stato**: state
- **mantenere**: keep
- **occhio**: eye 👁
- **mai**: never
- **ultimo**: last
- **lasciare**: let
- **pensiero**: thought
- **città**: city
- **albero**: tree 🌲
- **attraversare**: cross
- **fattoria**: farm
- **difficile**: hard
- **inizio**: start
- **forza**: might
- **storia**: story
- **sega**: saw
- **lontano**: far
- **mare**: sea
- **disegnare**: draw
- **sinistra**: left
- **tardi**: late
- **run**: run
- **non**: don’t
- **mentre**: while
- **stampa**: press
- **close**: close
- **notte**: night
- **reale**: real
- **vita**: life
- **pochi**: few
- **nord**: north
- **libro**: book
- **portare**: carry
- **ha preso**: took
- **scienza**: science
- **mangiare**: eat
- **camera**: room
- **amico**: friend
- **ha iniziato**: began
- **idea**: idea
- **pesce**: fish
- **montagna**: mountain 🏔
- **stop**: stop
- **una volta**: once
- **base**: base
- **sentire**: hear
- **cavallo**: horse 🐴
- **taglio**: cut
- **sicuro**: sure
- **orologio**: watch ⌚️
- **colore**: color
- **volto**: face
- **legno**: wood
- **principale**: main
- **aperto**: open
- **sembrare**: seem
- **insieme**: together
- **prossimo**: next
- **bianco**: white
- **bambini**: children
- **inizio**: begin
- **ottenuto**: got
- **camminare**: walk
- **esempio**: example
- **alleviare**: ease
- **carta**: paper
- **gruppo**: group
- **sempre**: always
- **musica**: music 🎼
- **quelli**: those
- **entrambi**: both
- **marchio**: mark
- **spesso**: often
- **lettera**: letter
- **fino a quando**: until
- **miglio**: mile
- **fiume**: river
- **auto**: car 🚗
- **piedi**: feet 🦶
- **cura**: care
- **secondo**: second
- **abbastanza**: enough
- **pianura**: plain
- **ragazza**: girl
- **solito**: usual
- **giovane**: young
- **pronto**: ready
- **sopra**: above
- **mai**: ever
- **rosso**: red
- **elenco**: list
- **anche se**: though
- **sentire**: feel
- **Discussioni**: talk
- **uccello**: bird 🦜
- **presto**: soon
- **corpo**: body
- **cane**: dog 🐶
- **famiglia**: family
- **diretto**: direct
- **posa**: pose
- **lasciare**: leave
- **canzone**: song
- **misurare**: measure
- **porta**: door 🚪
- **prodotto**: product
- **nero**: black
- **breve**: short
- **numerale**: numeral
- **classe**: class
- **vento**: wind 💨
- **domanda**: question
- **accadere**: happen
- **integrale**: complete
- **nave**: ship 🛳
- **area**: area
- **metà**: half
- **rock**: rock
- **ordine**: order
- **fuoco**: fire 🔥
- **sud**: south
- **problema**: problem
- **pezzo**: piece
- **ha detto**: told
- **sapeva**: knew
- **passare**: pass
- **da**: since
- **top**: top
- **tutto**: whole
- **re**: king
- **strada**: street
- **pollice**: inch
- **moltiplicare**: multiply
- **niente**: nothing
- **corso**: course
- **soggiornare**: stay
- **ruota**: wheel
- **completo**: full
- **vigore**: force
- **blu**: blue
- **oggetto**: object
- **decidere**: decide
- **superficie**: surface
- **profondità**: deep
- **luna**: moon 🌚
- **isola**: island 🏝
- **piede**: foot
- **sistema**: system
- **occupato**: busy
- **test**: test
- **record**: record
- **barca**: boat
- **comune**: common
- **oro**: gold
- **possibile**: possible
- **piano**: plane
- **vece**: stead
- **asciutto**: dry
- **meraviglia**: wonder
- **ridere**: laugh
- **migliaia**: thousand
- **fa**: ago
- **corse**: ran
- **controllare**: check
- **gioco**: game
- **forma**: shape
- **uguagliare**: equate
- **caldo**: hot
- **perdere**: miss
- **portato**: brought
- **calore**: heat
- **neve**: snow
- **pneumatico**: tire
- **portare**: bring
- **sì**: yes
- **lontano**: distant
- **riempire**: fill
- **est**: east
- **dipingere**: paint
- **lingua**: language
- **tra**: among
- **unità**: unit
- **potenza**: power
- **città**: town
- **fine**: fine
- **certo**: certain
- **volare**: fly
- **cadere**: fall
- **portare**: lead
- **grido**: cry
- **scuro**: dark
- **macchina**: machine
- **nota**: note
- **aspettare**: wait
- **piano**: plan
- **figura**: figure
- **stella**: star
- **scatola**: box
- **sostantivo**: noun
- **campo**: field
- **resto**: rest
- **corretto**: correct
- **in grado di**: able
- **libbra**: pound
- **done**: done
- **bellezza**: beauty
- **unità**: drive
- **sorgeva**: stood
- **contenere**: contain
- **frontale**: front
- **insegnare**: teach
- **settimana**: week
- **finale**: final
- **ha dato**: gave
- **verde**: green
- **oh**: oh
- **veloce**: quick
- **sviluppare**: develop
- **oceano**: ocean
- **caldo**: warm
- **gratuito**: free
- **minuto**: minute
- **forte**: strong
- **speciale**: special
- **mente**: mind
- **dietro**: behind
- **chiaro**: clear
- **coda**: tail
- **produrre**: produce
- **fatto**: fact
- **spazio**: space
- **sentito**: heard
- **migliore**: best
- **ora**: hour
- **meglio**: better
- **vero**: true
- **durante**: during
- **ricordare**: remember
- **passo**: step
- **presto**: early
- **tenere**: hold
- **ovest**: west
- **terra**: ground
- **interesse**: interest
- **raggiungere**: reach
- **veloce**: fast
- **verbo**: verb
- **cantare**: sing
- **ascoltare**: listen
- **tavolo**: table
- **viaggi**: travel
- **meno**: less
- **mattina**: morning
- **semplice**: simple
- **alcuni**: several
- **vocale**: vowel
- **verso**: toward
- **guerra**: war
- **porre**: lay
- **contro**: against
- **modello**: pattern
- **lento**: slow
- **centro**: center
- **amore**: love
- **persona**: person
- **soldi**: money 💵
- **servire**: serve
- **apparire**: appear
- **strada**: road
- **mappa**: map 🗺
- **pioggia**: rain
- **regola**: rule
- **governare**: govern
- **tirare**: pull
- **freddo**: cold
- **avviso**: notice
- **voce**: voice
- **energia**: energy
- **caccia**: hunt
- **probabile**: probable
- **letto**: bed 🛏
- **fratello**: brother
- **uovo**: egg
- **giro**: ride
- **cella**: cell
- **credere**: believe
- **forse**: perhaps
- **scegliere**: pick
- **improvviso**: sudden
- **contare**: count
- **piazza**: square
- **motivo**: reason
- **lunghezza**: length
- **rappresentare**: represent
- **arte**: art
- **soggetto**: subject
- **regione**: region
- **dimensione**: size
- **variare**: vary
- **risolvere**: settle
- **parlare**: speak
- **peso**: weight
- **generale**: general
- **ghiaccio**: ice
- **materia**: matter
- **cerchio**: circle
- **coppia**: pair
- **includere**: include
- **divide**: divide
- **sillaba**: syllable
- **feltro**: felt
- **grande**: grand
- **palla**: ball
- **ancora**: yet
- **onda**: wave
- **cadere**: drop
- **cuore**: heart
- **am**: am
- **presente**: present
- **pesante**: heavy
- **danza**: dance
- **motore**: engine
- **posizione**: position
- **braccio**: arm
- **ampio**: wide
- **vela**: sail
- **materiale**: material
- **frazione**: fraction
- **foresta**: forest
- **sedersi**: sit
- **gara**: race
- **finestra**: window
- **negozio**: store
- **estate**: summer
- **treno**: train 🚂
- **sonno**: sleep
- **dimostrare**: prove
- **solitario**: lone
- **gamba**: leg
- **esercizio**: exercise
- **muro**: wall
- **prendere**: catch
- **monte**: mount
- **desiderio**: wish
- **cielo**: sky
- **pensione**: board
- **gioia**: joy
- **inverno**: winter
- **sat**: sat
- **scritto**: written
- **selvaggio**: wild
- **strumento**: instrument
- **tenere**: kept
- **vetro**: glass
- **erba**: grass
- **mucca**: cow 🐮
- **lavoro**: job
- **bordo**: edge
- **segno**: sign
- **visita**: visit
- **passato**: past
- **morbido**: soft
- **divertimento**: fun
- **luminoso**: bright
- **gas**: gas
- **tempo**: weather
- **mese**: month
- **milione**: million
- **sopportare**: bear
- **finitura**: finish
- **felice**: happy
- **speranza**: hope
- **fiore**: flower
- **vestire**: clothe
- **strano**: strange
- **gone**: gone
- **commercio**: trade
- **melodia**: melody
- **viaggio**: trip
- **ufficio**: office
- **ricevere**: receive
- **fila**: row
- **bocca**: mouth
- **esatto**: exact
- **simbolo**: symbol
- **morire**: die
- **meno**: least
- **difficoltà**: trouble
- **shout**: shout
- **tranne**: except
- **ha scritto**: wrote
- **seme**: seed
- **tono**: tone
- **aderire**: join
- **suggerire**: suggest
- **pulito**: clean
- **pausa**: break
- **signora**: lady
- **cantiere**: yard
- **salire**: rise
- **male**: bad
- **colpo**: blow
- **olio**: oil
- **sangue**: blood
- **toccare**: touch
- **è cresciuto**: grew
- **cent**: cent
- **mescolare**: mix
- **team**: team
- **filo**: wire
- **costo**: cost
- **perso**: lost
- **marrone**: brown
- **indossare**: wear
- **giardino**: garden
- **pari**: equal
- **inviato**: sent
- **scegliere**: choose
- **caduto**: fell
- **adattarsi**: fit
- **flusso**: flow
- **fiera**: fair
- **banca**: bank
- **raccogliere**: collect
- **salvare**: save
- **controllo**: control
- **decimale**: decimal
- **orecchio**: ear
- **altro**: else
- **abbastanza**: quite
- **rotto**: broke
- **caso**: case
- **mezzo**: middle
- **uccidere**: kill
- **figlio**: son
- **lago**: lake
- **momento**: moment
- **scala**: scale
- **forte**: loud
- **primavera**: spring
- **osservare**: observe
- **bambino**: child
- **dritto**: straight
- **consonante**: consonant
- **nazione**: nation
- **dizionario**: dictionary
- **latte**: milk 🥛
- **velocità**: speed
- **metodo**: method
- **organo**: organ
- **pagare**: pay
- **età**: age
- **sezione**: section
- **vestito**: dress
- **nube**: cloud ⛅️
- **sorpresa**: surprise
- **tranquillo**: quiet
- **pietra**: stone
- **piccolo**: tiny
- **salita**: climb
- **fresco**: cool
- **design**: design
- **povero**: poor
- **lotto**: lot
- **esperimento**: experiment
- **fondo**: bottom
- **chiave**: key 🔑
- **ferro**: iron
- **singolo**: single
- **bastone**: stick
- **appartamento**: flat
- **venti**: twenty
- **pelle**: skin
- **sorriso**: smile 😄
- **piega**: crease
- **foro**: hole
- **salto**: jump
- **bambino**: baby 👶
- **otto**: eight
- **villaggio**: village
- **si incontrano**: meet
- **radice**: root
- **acquistare**: buy
- **aumentare**: raise
- **risolvere**: solve
- **metallo**: metal
- **se**: whether
- **spingere**: push
- **sette**: seven
- **paragrafo**: paragraph
- **terzo**: third
- **deve**: shall
- **tenuto**: held
- **capelli**: hair
- **descrivere**: describe
- **cuoco**: cook
- **piano**: floor
- **o**: either
- **risultato**: result
- **bruciare**: burn
- **collina**: hill
- **sicuro**: safe
- **gatto**: cat 😸
- **secolo**: century
- **considerare**: consider
- **tipo**: type
- **legge**: law
- **bit**: bit
- **costa**: coast
- **copia**: copy
- **frase**: phrase
- **silenzioso**: silent
- **alto**: tall
- **sabbia**: sand
- **suolo**: soil
- **rotolo**: roll
- **temperatura**: temperature
- **dito**: finger
- **industria**: industry
- **valore**: value
- **lotta**: fight
- **bugia**: lie
- **battere**: beat
- **eccitare**: excite
- **naturale**: natural
- **vista**: view
- **senso**: sense
- **capitale**: capital
- **non sarà**: won’t
- **sedia**: chair
- **pericolo**: danger
- **frutta**: fruit
- **ricco**: rich
- **spesso**: thick
- **soldato**: soldier
- **processo**: process
- **operare**: operate
- **pratica**: practice
- **separato**: separate
- **difficile**: difficult
- **medico**: doctor
- **per favore**: please
- **proteggere**: protect
- **mezzogiorno**: noon
- **raccolto**: crop
- **moderno**: modern
- **elemento**: element
- **colpire**: hit
- **studente**: student
- **angolo**: corner
- **partito**: party
- **fornitura**: supply
- **la cui**: whose
- **individuare**: locate
- **anello**: ring
- **carattere**: character
- **insetto**: insect
- **catturato**: caught
- **periodo**: period
- **indicare**: indicate
- **radio**: radio
- **raggio**: spoke
- **atomo**: atom
- **umano**: human
- **storia**: history
- **effetto**: effect
- **elettrico**: electric
- **aspettare**: expect
- **osso**: bone 🦴
- **ferrovia**: rail
- **immaginare**: imagine
- **fornire**: provide
- **concordare**: agree
- **così**: thus
- **dolce**: gentle
- **donna**: woman
- **capitano**: captain
- **indovinare**: guess
- **necessario**: necessary
- **tagliente**: sharp
- **ala**: wing
- **creare**: create
- **prossimo**: neighbor
- **lavaggio**: wash
- **pipistrello**: bat 🦇
- **piuttosto**: rather
- **folla**: crowd
- **mais**: corn
- **confrontare**: compare
- **poesia**: poem
- **stringa**: string
- **campana**: bell 🔔
- **dipendere**: depend
- **carne**: meat
- **strofinare**: rub
- **tubo**: tube
- **famoso**: famous
- **dollaro**: dollar
- **ruscello**: stream
- **paura**: fear
- **vista**: sight
- **sottile**: thin
- **triangolo**: triangle
- **pianeta**: planet
- **fretta**: hurry
- **capo**: chief
- **colonia**: colony
- **orologio**: clock 🕐
- **miniera**: mine
- **cravatta**: tie
- **inserire**: enter
- **maggiore**: major
- **fresco**: fresh
- **ricerca**: search
- **inviare**: send
- **giallo**: yellow
- **pistola**: gun
- **consentire**: allow
- **stampa**: print
- **morto**: dead
- **spot**: spot
- **deserto**: desert
- **tuta**: suit
- **corrente**: current
- **ascensore**: lift
- **rosa**: rose 🌹
- **arrivare**: arrive
- **master**: master
- **pista**: track
- **genitore**: parent
- **riva**: shore
- **divisione**: division
- **foglio**: sheet
- **sostanza**: substance
- **favorire**: favor
- **collegare**: connect
- **Messaggio**: post
- **spendere**: spend
- **accordo**: chord
- **grasso**: fat
- **felice**: glad
- **originale**: original
- **quota**: share
- **stazione**: station
- **papà**: dad
- **pane**: bread 🍞
- **carica**: charge
- **corretto**: proper
- **bar**: bar
- **offerta**: offer
- **segmento**: segment
- **schiavo**: slave
- **anatra**: duck
- **immediato**: instant
- **mercato**: market
- **grado**: degree
- **popolare**: populate
- **pulcino**: chick
- **caro**: dear
- **nemico**: enemy
- **rispondere**: reply
- **bevanda**: drink
- **verificarsi**: occur
- **supporto**: support
- **discorso**: speech
- **natura**: nature
- **gamma**: range
- **vapore**: steam
- **moto**: motion
- **sentiero**: path
- **liquido**: liquid
- **log**: log
- **significava**: meant
- **quoziente**: quotient
- **denti**: teeth
- **guscio**: shell
- **collo**: neck
- **ossigeno**: oxygen
- **zucchero**: sugar
- **morte**: death
- **piuttosto**: pretty
- **abilità**: skill
- **donne**: women
- **stagione**: season
- **soluzione**: solution
- **magnete**: magnet
- **argento**: silver
- **grazie**: thank
- **ramo**: branch
- **partita**: match
- **suffisso**: suffix
- **particolarmente**: especially
- **fico**: fig
- **impaurito**: afraid
- **enorme**: huge
- **sorella**: sister
- **acciaio**: steel
- **discutere**: discuss
- **avanti**: forward
- **simile**: similar
- **guidare**: guide
- **esperienza**: experience
- **punteggio**: score
- **mela**: apple
- **comprato**: bought
- **portato**: led
- **pece**: pitch
- **cappotto**: coat
- **massa**: mass
- **scheda**: card
- **banda**: band
- **corda**: rope
- **slittamento**: slip
- **vittoria**: win
- **sognare**: dream
- **sera**: evening
- **condizione**: condition
- **alimentazione**: feed
- **strumento**: tool
- **totale**: total
- **di base**: basic
- **odore**: smell
- **valle**: valley
- **né**: nor
- **doppio**: double
- **sedile**: seat
- **continuare**: continue
- **blocco**: block
- **grafico**: chart
- **cappello**: hat 🧢
- **vendere**: sell
- **successo**: success
- **azienda**: company
- **sottrarre**: subtract
- **evento**: event
- **particolare**: particular
- **affare**: deal
- **nuoto**: swim 🏊♀️
- **termine**: term
- **opposto**: opposite
- **moglie**: wife
- **scarpa**: shoe
- **spalla**: shoulder
- **spread**: spread
- **organizzare**: arrange
- **campo**: camp
- **inventare**: invent
- **cotone**: cotton
- **nascita**: born
- **determinare**: determine
- **quarto di gallone**: quart
- **nove**: nine
- **camion**: truck
- **rumore**: noise
- **livello**: level
- **possibilità**: chance
- **raccogliere**: gather
- **negozio**: shop
- **tratto**: stretch
- **gettare**: throw
- **shine**: shine
- **proprietà**: property
- **colonna**: column
- **molecola**: molecule
- **selezionare**: select
- **sbagliato**: wrong
- **grigio**: gray
- **ripetizione**: repeat
- **richiedere**: require
- **ampio**: broad
- **preparare**: prepare
- **sale**: salt 🧂
- **naso**: nose
- **plurale**: plural
- **rabbia**: anger
- **richiesta**: claim
- **continente**: continent
## Cognates
> A cognate is a word derived from the same root as another word. Cognates are words that have a common origin. They may happen in a language or in a group of languages.
I have classified all 475 nouns into groups based on the available meaningful connections for an English speaker learning Italian:
- 208 are very easy, meaning they’re very close to their English counterparts (Group 1)
- 54 are still fairly easy, being cognate with their English counterparts, and similar enough if you’re looking for it (Group 2)
- 101 are harder to see, but are still cognate (Group 3)
- 77 are still cognate, but more difficult (Group 4)
- 23 have cognates, but with obscure words or common French or Spanish words, or the similarity is much less evident (Group 5)
- 12, and only 12, are unrelated, and thus require a mnemonic connection (Group 6)
Group 1
- **abilità**: skill, ability
- **accordo**: accord, agreement, chord (mus.)
- **animale**: animal
- **appartamento**: apartment, flat
- **area**: area
- **arte**: art
- **atomo**: atom
- **atto**: act
- **auto**: car (automobile)
- **banca**: bank
- **banda**: band
- **bar**: bar
- **base**: base
- **bit**: bit
- **blocco**: block
- **bordo**: edge, border
- **campo**: field, camp
- **capitale**: capital
- **capitano**: captain
- **carattere**: character
- **caso**: case
- **causa**: cause
- **cella**: cell
- **cent**: cent
- **centro**: center
- **città**: city, town
- **classe**: class
- **colonia**: colony
- **colonna**: column
- **colore**: color
- **commercio**: trade, commerce
- **condizione**: condition
- **consonante**: consonant
- **continente**: continent
- **controllo**: control
- **copia**: copy
- **corda**: rope, cord
- **corrente**: current
- **corso**: course
- **costa**: coast
- **costo**: cost
- **cotone**: cotton
- **cuoco**: cook
- **cura**: care, treatment, cure
- **danza**: dance
- **decimale**: decimal
- **deserto**: desert
- **difficoltà**: trouble, difficulty
- **discussioni**: discussion, argument
- **divisione**: division
- **dizionario**: dictionary
- **dollaro**: dollar
- **effetto**: effect
- **elemento**: element
- **energia**: energy
- **esempio**: example
- **esercizio**: exercise
- **esperienza**: experience
- **esperimento**: experiment
- **est**: east
- **evento**: event
- **famiglia**: family
- **fatto**: fact
- **feltro**: felt
- **fico**: fig
- **fiera**: fair, exhibition
- **figura**: figure
- **finale**: final
- **finitura**: finish
- **foresta**: forest
- **forma**: form, shape
- **forza**: force, strength
- **frase**: sentence, phrase
- **frazione**: fraction
- **frutta**: fruit
- **gas**: gas
- **gatto**: cat
- **giardino**: garden
- **gruppo**: group
- **idea**: idea
- **industria**: industry
- **insetto**: insect
- **interesse**: interest
- **lettera**: letter
- **liquido**: liquid
- **linea**: line
- **livello**: level
- **log**: log
- **lotto**: lot
- **macchina**: machine
- **magnete**: magnet
- **mais**: maize, corn
- **mappa**: map
- **marchio**: mark
- **massa**: mass
- **materia**: matter
- **materiale**: material
- **melodia**: melody
- **messaggio**: message
- **modello**: model, pattern
- **motivo**: reason, motive
- **metallo**: metal
- **metodo**: method
- **minuto**: minute
- **molecola**: molecule
- **momento**: moment
- **montagna**: mountain
- **monte**: mount, mountain
- **moto**: motion
- **motore**: engine, motor
- **musica**: music
- **natura**: nature
- **nazione**: nation
- **nome**: name
- **nord**: north
- **nota**: note
- **numerale**: numeral
- **numero**: number
- **oceano**: ocean
- **offerta**: offer
- **oggetto**: object
- **olio**: oil
- **ora**: hour
- **ordine**: order
- **organo**: organ
- **pagina**: page
- **palla**: ball
- **papà**: dad
- **paragrafo**: paragraph
- **parte**: part
- **partito**: party
- **pausa**: pause, break
- **periodo**: period
- **persona**: person
- **persone**: people
- **pistola**: gun
- **porto**: port
- **posa**: pose
- **posizione**: position
- **possibilità**: possibility, chance
- **pratica**: practice
- **presente**: present
- **problema**: problem
- **processo**: process
- **prodotto**: product
- **proprietà**: property
- **punto**: point
- **quarto**:di gallone, quart
- **quota**: share, portion, quota
- **quoziente**: quotient
- **radio**: radio
- **record**: record
- **regione**: region
- **resto**: rest
- **risultato**: result
- **rock**: rock
- **rosa**: rose
- **sale**: salt
- **scala**: scale
- **scienza**: science
- **scuola**: school
- **segmento**: segment
- **segno**: sign — also signal
- **senso**: sense
- **sistema**: system
- **sezione**: section
- **sillaba**: syllable
- **simbolo**: symbol
- **soluzione**: solution
- **sorpresa**: surprise
- **sostanza**: substance
- **spazio**: space
- **stato**: state
- **stazione**: station
- **storia**: story, history
- **strada**: street, road
- **stringa**: string
- **strumento**: instrument, tool
- **studente**: student
- **studio**: study
- **successo**: success
- **sud**: south
- **suffisso**: suffix
- **supporto**: support
- **tavolo**: table
- **team**: team
- **temperatura**: temperature
- **termine**: term
- **test**: test
- **tipo**: type
- **tono**: tone
- **totale**: total
- **treno**: train
- **triangolo**: triangle
- **tubo**: tube
- **turno**: turn
- **ufficio**: office
- **umano**: human
- **unità**: unit, unity
- **uso**: use
- **valle**: valley
- **valore**: value
- **vapore**: steam, vapor / vapour
- **velocità**: speed, velocity
- **verbo**: verb
- **vigore**: force, vigor / vigour
- **villaggio**: village
- **visita**: visit
- **vittoria**: win, victory
### Group 2
the fairly easy nouns (but you may have to work a little to see the connection)
Group 2
- **acqua**: water — aqua, aquatic
- **amico**: friend — amicable, Spanish amigo
- **angolo**: corner — angle
- **anno**: year — annual
- **amore**: love — amorous, French amour
- **bambino**: child, baby
- **barca**: boat — barge, barque
- **bellezza**: beauty — belle (the belle of the ball)
- **bevanda**: drink — beverage
- **cane**: dog — canine
- **carne**: meat — carnivore
- **casa**: home, house — well-known in English from the Spanish casa; also cognate with French chez (to, at), as in chez moi (at my house)
- **cavallo**: horse — cavalry
- **cielo**: sky — ceiling
- **collo**: neck — collar
- **corpo**: body — corpse
- **cravatta**: tie — cravat
- **denti**: teeth — dental, dentist
- **dimensione**: size — dimension
- **discorso**: speech, discourse
- **donna**: woman — madonna, dame
- **erba**: grass — herb
- **fine**: end — final, also French fin
- **fratello**: brother — fraternal, fraternity
- **libro**: book — library
- **lingua**: language — cognates, also linguistics, lingo
- **luna**: moon — lunar
- **madre**: mother — cognates, also maternal, maternity
- **mano**: hand — manuscript (written by hand), also French main, Spanish mano
- **mare**: sea — marine, maritime
- **mente**: mind — cognates, also mental
- **meraviglia**: wonder — marvel, marvellous
- **mercato**: market — cognates, also merchant, mercantile
- **morte**: death — mortal, mortality
- **naso**: nose — cognates, also nasal
- **nave**: ship — nautical, navy, navigate
- **pneumatico**: tyre / tire — pneumatic tyre
- **poesia**: poem — also poetry, poetic
- **posto**: place, spot — post, position
- **potenza**: power — potent
- **regola**: rule — cognates, also regulate, regular
- **risposta**: answer — response, riposte
- **salto**: jump — saltatory, saltation, also French sauter
- **sangue**: blood — sanguinary, sanguine, exsanguinate, also French sang, Spanish sangre
- **signora**: lady — cognate with senior, sire
- **sole**: sun — solar
- **stella**: star — stellar
- **terra**: land, earth, ground — terrestrial, also French terre
- **tratto**: stretch (of road, river, land) — tract
- **uomo**: man — human
- **vento**: wind — cognates, also ventilate
- **vista**: view, sight — vista
- **vita**: life — vital
### Group 3
Here are the words that are cognate, but less obviously so:
Group 3
- **alimentazione**: supply, feed, diet — alimentary (canal), alimentation
- **anello**: ring — annulus, annular.
- **aria**: air — aura, air, aerate, aerial
- **avviso**: notice, advice, advertisement
- **calore**: heat — calorie, calorific
- **campana**: bell — is in fact the word for a church bell in English, but this is not a well-known word! also cognate with campanology, the study of bells
- **canzone**: song — chant, French chanson
- **capelli**: hair — capillary (because capillary veins are as fine as hair)
- **capo**: chief — capo (come into English through the portrayals of the mafia), capital, per capita
- **cappello**: hat — cap
- **coda**: tail — coda, caudal, caudate.
- **copertura**: cover — cover, covert
- **desiderio**: wish — desire
- **dito**: finger — digit
- **divertimento**: fun — diversion
- **fattoria**: farm — factor (meaning someone who acts as a business agent, especially a manager of a landed estate)
- **ferro**: iron — ferric, meaning related to iron; also French fer
- **ferrovia**: railway — ‘iron way’, A railway is an iron way, ferric via
- **fila**: row — file (in the sense of people in a row, moving ‘in file’)
- **finestra**: window — defenestrate, also French fenêtre, Spanish fenestra, German Fenster
- **fiore**: flower — floral, flower; also Spanish flor, French fleur
- **flusso**: flow — cognate with flux (when something’s in flux, it’s still in flow)
- **foglio**: sheet, leaf — folio, foliate, exfoliate
- **fondo**: bottom — fundamental, profound.
- **genitore**: parent — progenitor, genitive
- **gioia**: joy
- **giorno**: day — journal, also French jour, journée
- **grado**: degree, level, grade — grade, gradient
- **grafico**: chart — graph, graphic
- **guerra**: war — guerilla, also French guerre
- **immagine**: picture — image, imagine
- **impianto**: plant — implant, plant
- **isola**: island — isle, isolated
- **lago**: lake — lagoon
- **lato**: side — lateral (relating to the side), quadrilateral (four-sided)
- **latte**: milk — latte (milky coffee), lactose, lactating
- **lavaggio**: wash — lave, lavatory, launder
- **lavoro**: work, job — labour/labor
- **libbra**: pound — this is why the abbreviation for pound is lb. (from Latin libra), also French livre, Spanish libra, and the zodiac sign Libra
- **luce**: light — lux, lucent, translucent
- **lunghezza**: length — from lungo, meaning long
- **maschi**: men — macho, masculine
- **mattina**: morning — matins (an early morning church service), also French matin
- **medico**: doctor — medic, medical
- **mese**: month — cognate with menses, trimester (3 months), semester (six months); also Spanish mes and French mois
- **mezzogiorno**: noon — break it down into mezzo-giorno = mid-day
- **miglio**: mile — cognates, and related to migliaia, thousand, from the Roman mile being 1000 paces
- **miniera**: mine — cognates
- **modo**: manner, way — mode
- **mondo**: world — mundane (worldly, belonging to the world), also French monde, Spanish mundo
- **muro**: wall — mural, immured
- **nascita**: birth — nascent, renaissance
- **negozio**: store, shop — negotiate
- **nemico**: enemy — inimical, enemy
- **notte**: night — nocturnal, and indeed night
- **nube**: cloud — nebula, nebulous
- **onda**: wave — undulate
- **oro**: gold — auric, French or
- **orologio**: watch, clock — horology
- **ossigeno**: oxygen — cognates
- **osso**: bone — ossify
- **ovest**: west — cognates, also French ouest, Spanish oeste
- **padre**: father — padre, pater, paternal, paternity
- **pane**: bread — French pain, as in pain au chocolat; also Spanish pan
- **passo**: step — pace
- **pensiero**: thought — pensive, also French penser
- **pensione**: board — pension
- **pesce**: fish — Pisces, piscatory, also Spanish pez, and French poisson
- **pezzo**: piece — cognates (also, you can think of a piece of pizza!)
- **pianeta**: planet — cognates
- **piano**: plane, plan, floor — cognates
- **piazza**: square, plaza — plaza
- **piede**: foot — pedal, pedestrian, also French pied, Spanish pie
- **piedi**: feet — as before
- **pista**: track — French piste, as in the English expression "off piste"
- **porta**: door — portal, also French porte
- **primavera**: spring — prima is cognate with primary (1st) and vera with vernal (relating to spring)
- **prossimo**: neighbor — proximal, proximate
- **radice**: root — radish
- **re**: king — rex
- **riva**: shore — river
- **rotolo**: roll — rotate, roll
- **ruota**: wheel — rotate, rota
- **sedia**: chair — sedan chair, sedentary
- **sedile**: seat — ditto
- **seme**: seed — semen
- **soggetto**: subject — cognates
- **soldato**: soldier — cognates
- **soldi**: money — solid, an old coin called the solidus, also French sol, sou
- **sorella**: sister — sorority, also French sœur, Spanish sor
- **speranza**: hope — esperance, desperate (out of hope), also Spanish esperanza, French espérer
- **spettacolo**: show — spectacle
- **suolo**: soil — cognate with French sol, Spanish suelo
- **suono**: sound — cognates, also French son, Spanish son, sueno
- **superficie**: surface — superficial
- **uovo**: egg — ovary, also French œuf, Spanish huevo
- **viaggio**: trip — voyage
- **vocale**: vowel — vocal (because vowels are voiced by the vocal cords with little restriction on them, in an open way)
- **voce**: voice — cognates
- **volontà**: will — voluntary
- **zucchero**: sugar — cognates
### Group 4
harder cognates, where the links are more obscure:
Group 4
- **acciaio**: steel — the common root means sharp; cognate with acid, acerbic, acrimony
- **ala**: wing — cognate with alar, agile, axle
- **albero**: tree — cognate with arbor, arboreal, arboretum, also French arbre
- **azienda**: company — cognate with hacienda
- **bastone**: stick — cognate with bâton
- **caccia**: hunt — cognate with catch
- **camera**: room — used in the expression in camera, and cognate with bicameral, chamber, cabaret
- **camion**: truck — comes from French camion, which has passed the word into many languages, including English; may derive from chemin, meaning way, path (see Spanish camino)
- **cappotto**: coat — cognate with cape
- **carica**: charge (as in attack), load — cognates, also car, chariot (think of a chariot charge and a car's load)
- **carta**: paper — cognate with card, chart
- **cerchio**: circle — cognates, also circus
- **chiamata**: call — cognate with claim, declaim, proclaim
- **chiave**: key — cognate with clavis, clavichord, clavicle, clef
- **collina**: hill — cognates, also column, colliculus (anatomical term)
- **colpo**: blow — cognate with the English/French word coup (coup de foudre, coup d'état, coup de grâce)
- **coppia**: pair — cognate with couple; could also think of copied
- **cosa**: thing — cognate with cause, also French chose
- **cuore**: heart — cognate with core, accord, also French cœur
- **domanda**: question, request, demand — cognate with demand
- **estate**: summer — cognate with estivate/aestivate, estival/aestival, also French été
- **età**: age — cognate with eternal, eon
- **figlio**: son — cognate with filial, also French fils
- **filo**: wire — cognate with filament, file
- **fiume**: river — cognate with fluvial, flume, fluent, fluid
- **folla**: crowd — cognate with full, folk, also French foule
- **fornitura**: supply — cognate with furniture, furnish
- **foro**: hole — cognate with door, forum, forensic
- **fretta**: hurry — cognate with Fr frit, meaning fried (as in pommes frites), and indeed English fry, fried
- **fuoco**: fire — cognate with focus (think of the hearth historically being the focus of the home or room)
- **gamba**: leg — cognate with gambol, and French jambe
- **gamma**: range — cognate with gamut, and of course the Greek letter gamma (but this doesn't point to the meaning in the same way)
- **ghiaccio**: ice — cognate with glacier, and French glace (ice, ice cream)
- **gioco**: game — cognate with joke, juggle, also French jeu, Spanish juego
- **giro**: ride, tour, turn — cognate with gyrate
- **grido**: cry — may be cognate with cry, also Spanish gritar
- **inverno**: winter — cognate with hibernate, also French hiver
- **lattina**: can, tin (diminutive of latta, meaning the same thing) — cognate with lath, lattice (all to do with being thin, narrow)
- **legge**: law — cognate with legal
- **legno**: wood — cognate with ligneous, lignite
- **letto**: bed — cognate with litter (think of the litter used for carrying the sick or wounded, not trash), also French lit
- **lotta**: fight, struggle — cognate with lock, locket, through a root meaning to bend, twist; also French lutte, Spanish lucha
- **mela**: apple — cognate with melon
- **metà**: half — cognate with median, mediate
- **moglie**: wife — cognate with moll, mollify, Molly
- **neve**: snow — cognate with Nevada, névé, nival, and indeed snow; also French neige, Spanish nieve
- **occhio**: eye — cognate with ocular, oculist, monocle, and indeed eye; also Spanish ojo
- **orecchio**: ear — cognate with aural, auricular, ear, also French oreille
- **paese**: country — cognate with peace, also French pays, Spanish país
- **parola**: word — cognate with palaver, parole, parlay, parable, also Spanish palabra
- **paura**: fear — cognate with French peur (also quite similar to fear)
- **pece**: pitch — cognates
- **pelle**: skin — cognate with pelt, pellagra, film
- **pericolo**: danger, peril
- **peso**: weight — cognate with suspend, pound, expense, pensive
- **piega**: crease, fold, pleat — cognate with pleat, replica, duplicate
- **pietra**: stone — cognate with petrify (literally, turn to stone), also French pierre, Spanish piedra
- **pulcino**: chick — cognate with pullet, also French poulet, poule
- **punteggio**: score — may be cognate with point (as in score a point)
- **rabbia**: anger, rabies — cognate with rabies, rage
- **raccolto**: crop — cognate with recollect, collect
- **raggio**: radius, spoke — cognate with radius
- **ramo**: branch — cognate with root, ramus, ramification (branching)
- **ricerca**: search, research — cognates, also French chercher (Cherchez la femme!)
- **richiesta**: claim, request, demand — cognate with require, request
- **rumore**: noise — cognate with rumour
- **schiavo**: slave — cognates
- **secolo**: century — secular (from the Latin saeculum meaning generation, century, and also worldly), also French siècle, Spanish siglo
- **sega**: saw — cognate with saw, dissect, secant, segment (notice the cutting theme)
- **sonno**: sleep — cognate with somnolent
- **sostantivo**: noun — cognate with substantive, with core of word (stant) cognate with stand; think of a noun as a substantive thing that stands, that is, a concrete object
- **spalla**: shoulder — cognate with spatula, spatulate (think of the broad, flat nature of the shoulder blade), epaulettes, also Spanish espalda
- **tempo**: weather — cognate with tempo, tempest, also French temps, Spanish tiempo
- **vece**: stead, place (as in, in my place, in my stead) — cognate with vice versa, vice (meaning in place of, subordinate to), also week, vicissitude, vicar
- **vela**: sail — cognate with veil, velum (a thin membrane like a veil)
- **vestito**: dress — cognate with vestiment, vest, divest
- **vetro**: glass — cognate with vitreous, vitrify, also French verre, vitre, and Spanish vidrio
### Group 5
Those with with the hardest connections
Group 5
- **anatra**: duck — cognate with an obscure English word, anatine, also German Ente
- **bisogno**: need — cognate with French besoin; a possible keyword for those unfamiliar with this word is bison
- **bocca**: mouth — another obscure cognate: buccal (relating to the cheek), also French bouche (as in Fermez la bouche!)
- **braccio**: arm, branch — cognate with brachial; not cognate with branch, but similarity useful
- **bugia**: lie — cognate with boast
- **cambiamento**: a change, shift, turn — cognate with change, although not very obvious; perhaps clearer if you know that cambiamento derives from cambiare, to change, and the English comes from French changier
- **guscio**: shell — may be cognate with cyst
- **pioggia**: rain — cognate with pluvial, flood, float, also French pluie
- **pipistrello**: bat — used to be vipistrello, which makes the link to cognates vespers (evening prayers) and western (where the sun sets) more obvious
- **pollice**: inch, thumb — cognate with obscure word pollical (of the thumb), also French pouce (thumb, inch)
- **ruscello**: stream — cognate with rivulet, also French ruisseau (but may be easier to go with a keyword: the rushing stream)
- **sabbia**: sand — cognates from a root meaning to pour, also French sable
- **salita**: climb — cognate with saltatory, saltation, also French sauter
- **scarpa**: shoe — cognate with sharp, derives from Gothic word meaning sharp object with pointed ends, because shoes had a pointed end?
- **sentiero**: path — cognate with French sentier, Spanish sendero; apparently not cognate with send, sent, but PIE root word *sent- meant to go, to travel, so could be considered so
- **sera**: evening — here's an obscure cognate that some might know: serotine (a bat); more familiarly probably: French soir (as in bonsoir), and Spanish sera
- **settimana**: week — cognate with September, through the sept=7 connection; also French semaine, Spanish semana
- **slittamento**: slip, sliding — not cognate, but similarity sufficient for imagining so
- **sorriso**: smile — cognate with risible (laughable) and riant (laughing); sorriso derives from Latin sub-rideo (below a laugh, as it were); also cognate with French sourire, souriant
- **stagione**: season — cognate with station, also Spanish estación
- **taglio**: cut — cognate with tagliatelle, intaglio
- **testa**: head — cognate with French tête, Spanish testa
- **uccello**: bird — cognate with avian, aviary, also French oiseau
### Group 6
Those with no connections. These are the ones for which a mnemonic link is recommended, and I’ve provided some suggestions:
Group 6
- **cantiere**: shipyard, building site — canter into the yard
- **cibo**: food — chip (actually cognate with ciborium, a receptacle for communion wafers, if you happen to know it; also Spanish cebo)
- **elenco**: list — elect to the list
- **gara**: race — cheer the race
- **mucca**: cow — moo cow
- **partita**: (sports) match, game — participate in the game (actually cognate with a musical term in English, if you happen to know it)
- **ragazza**: girl / ragazzo, boy — ragged urchin
- **scatola**: box — casket
- **scheda**: card — the schedule is written on the card
- **se**:stesso, self — stetson
- **tuta**: suit (sweatsuit, tracksuit, overalls) — tutu
- **volto**: face — think of the expression volte face
## Numbers
- **uno**: one
- **due**: two (think duo, dual)
- **tre**: three (also cognate with tri-, as in triangle, trio, tripod)
- **quattro**: four (think of quadruple, quadrilateral, quadruped, square)
- **cinque**: five (cognate with five, but this is not very obvious; also cognate with quinquennial and quinate, and of course French cinq)
- **sei**: six (cognate, but you do have to focus on the first part of ‘six’!)
- **otto**: eight (think octagon, octopus, octave)
- **nove**: nine (French neuf, English November (same reason: it started off as the 9th month), novena)
- **dieci**: ten (cognate with decimal, and French dix)
- **venti**: twenty (okay, there are words in English cognate with this, but they’re pretty rare; still, if you drop the initial t, the words become much more similar)
- **cento**: hundred (cognate with cent, century)
- **migliaia**: thousand (think of millimeter, millisecond, etc)
- **milione**: million
## Days of the week
- **Lunedì**: Monday
- **Martedì**: Tuesday
- **Mercoledì**: Wednesday
- **Giovedì**: Thursday
- **Venerdì**: Friday
- **Sabato**: Saturday
- **Domenica**: Sunday
## Months
- **Gennaio**: January
- **Febbraio**: February
- **Marzo**: March
- **Aprile**: April
- **Maggio**: May
- **Giugno**: June
- **Luglio**: July
- **Agosto**: August
- **Settembre**: September
- **Ottobre**: October
- **Novembre**: November
- **Dicembre**: December