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https://github.com/dart-native/dart_native
Write iOS&macOS&Android Code using Dart. This package liberates you from redundant glue code and low performance of Flutter Channel.
https://github.com/dart-native/dart_native
android dart dart-java dart-native dart-objc dartffi dartnative dartobjc ffi flutter ios java jni macos native objective-c runtime
Last synced: 26 days ago
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Write iOS&macOS&Android Code using Dart. This package liberates you from redundant glue code and low performance of Flutter Channel.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/dart-native/dart_native
- Owner: dart-native
- License: bsd-3-clause
- Created: 2019-09-30T07:13:26.000Z (about 5 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2024-05-21T04:38:36.000Z (6 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-10-07T15:40:52.144Z (29 days ago)
- Topics: android, dart, dart-java, dart-native, dart-objc, dartffi, dartnative, dartobjc, ffi, flutter, ios, java, jni, macos, native, objective-c, runtime
- Language: C
- Homepage:
- Size: 111 MB
- Stars: 950
- Watchers: 24
- Forks: 78
- Open Issues: 27
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE
- Code of conduct: CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
Awesome Lists containing this project
README
# DartNative
DartNative operates as a bridge to communicate between Dart and native APIs.
Replaces the low-performing Flutter channel with faster and more concise code.
[](https://pub.dev/packages/dart_native)
[](https://app.travis-ci.com/dart-native/dart_native)
[](https://github.com/dart-native/dart_native/actions/workflows/dart.yml)
## Features
### Dynamic synchronous & asynchronous channeling
DartNative calls *any* native API *dynamically*. It supports both synchronous and asynchronous channeling.
### Direct call between multi-language interfaces
Serialization of parameters and return values like Flutter Channel is no longer required. DartNative provides direct calls and automatic object marshalling between language interfaces.
### Dart finalizer
Dart finalizer is only supported above Flutter 3(Dart 2.17), but with DartNative it is available in Dart Flutter 2.2.0(Dart 2.13.0) and up.
### Autogenerate succinct bridging code
DartNative supports automatic type conversion so its bridging code is shorter & simpler than the Flutter channel.
The design and vision of this package:
## Requirements
| DartNative Version | Flutter Requirements | Codegen Version |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 0.4.x - 0.7.x | Flutter 2.2.0 (Dart 2.13.0) | 2.x |
| 0.3.x | Flutter 1.20.0 (Dart 2.9.1) | 1.2.x |
| 0.2.x | Flutter 1.12.13 (Dart 2.7) | 1.x |
## Supported Platforms
iOS & macOS & Android
## Usage
### Basic usage: Interface binding
Add ```dart_native``` to dependencies and ```build_runner``` to dev_dependencies. Then you can write code. Here are some examples:
#### Dart calls Native
Dart code:
```dart
final interface = Interface("MyFirstInterface");
// Example for string type.
String helloWorld() {
return interface.invokeMethodSync('hello', args: ['world']);
}
// Example for num type.
Future sum(int a, int b) {
return interface.invokeMethod('sum', args: [a, b]);
}
```
Corresponding Objective-C code:
```objectivec
@implementation DNInterfaceDemo
// Register interface name.
InterfaceEntry(MyFirstInterface)
// Register method "hello".
InterfaceMethod(hello, myHello:(NSString *)str) {
return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"hello %@!", str];
}
// Register method "sum".
InterfaceMethod(sum, addA:(int32_t)a withB:(int32_t)b) {
return @(a + b);
}
@end
```
Corresponding Java code:
```java
// load libdart_native.so
DartNativePlugin.loadSo();
@InterfaceEntry(name = "MyFirstInterface")
public class InterfaceDemo extends DartNativeInterface {
@InterfaceMethod(name = "hello")
public String hello(String str) {
return "hello " + str;
}
@InterfaceMethod(name = "sum")
public int sum(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
}
```
NOTE: If your so path is custom, you need pass specific path.
```Java
DartNativePlugin.loadSoWithCustomPath("xxx/libdart_native.so");
```
And before using DartNative in dart, first invoke ```dartNativeInitCustomSoPath()```. It will get path from channel.
#### Native calls Dart
Dart code:
```dart
interface.setMethodCallHandler('totalCost',
(double unitCost, int count, List list) async {
return {'totalCost: ${unitCost * count}': list};
});
```
Corresponding Objective-C code:
```objectivec
[self invokeMethod:@"totalCost"
arguments:@[@0.123456789, @10, @[@"testArray"]]
result:^(id _Nullable result, NSError * _Nullable error) {
NSLog(@"%@", result);
}];
```
Corresponding Java code:
```java
invokeMethod("totalCost", new Object[]{0.123456789, 10, Arrays.asList("hello", "world")},
new DartNativeResult() {
@Override
public void onResult(@Nullable Object result) {
Map retMap = (Map) result;
// do something
}
@Override
public void error(@Nullable String errorMessage) {
// do something
}
}
);
```
#### Dart finalizer
```dart
final foo = Bar(); // A custom instance.
unitTest.addFinalizer(() { // register a finalizer callback.
print('The instance of \'foo\' has been destroyed!'); // When `foo` is destroyed by GC, this line of code will be executed.
});
```
#### Data types support
| Dart | Objective-C | Swift | Java |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| null | nil | nil | null |
| bool | BOOL | Bool | bool |
| int | NSInteger | Int |int |
| double | double | Double | double |
| String | NSString | String | String |
| List | NSArray | Array | List, ArrayList |
| Map | NSDictionary | Dictionary | Map, HashMap |
| Set | NSSet | Set | Set, HashSet |
| Function | Block | Closure | Promise |
| Pointer | void * | UnsafeMutableRawPointer | - |
| NativeByte | NSData | Data | DirectByteBuffer |
| NativeObject | NSObject | NSObject | Object |
### Advanced usage: Invoke methods dynamically
- Step 1: Add ```dart_native``` to dependencies and ```build_runner``` to dev_dependencies.
- Step 2: Generate Dart wrapper code with [@dartnative/codegen](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@dartnative/codegen) or write Dart code manually.
- Step 3: Generate code for automatic type conversion using [dart_native_gen](https://pub.dev/packages/dart_native_gen) with the following steps (3.1-3.3):
+ 3.1 Annotate a Dart wrapper class with `@native`.
```dart
@native
class RuntimeSon extends RuntimeStub {
RuntimeSon([Class isa]) : super(Class('RuntimeSon'));
RuntimeSon.fromPointer(Pointer ptr) : super.fromPointer(ptr);
}
```
+ 3.2 Annotate your own entry (such as`main()`) with `@nativeRoot`.
```dart
@nativeRoot
void main() {
runApp(App());
}
```
+ 3.3 Run
```bash
flutter packages pub run build_runner build --delete-conflicting-outputs
```
to generate files into your source directory.
Note: we recommend running `clean` first:
```bash
flutter packages pub run build_runner clean
```
- Step 4: Call autogenerated function in `.dn.dart` in 3.3. The function name is determined by `name` in `pubspec.yaml`.
```dart
@nativeRoot
void main() {
// Function name is generated by name in pubspec.yaml.
runDartNativeExample();
runApp(App());
}
```
- Step 5: Then you can write code. Here are some examples:
+ 5.1 iOS:
Dart code (generated):
```dart
// new Objective-C object.
RuntimeStub stub = RuntimeStub();
// Dart function will be converted to Objective-C block.
stub.fooBlock((NSObject a) {
print('hello block! ${a.toString()}');
return 101;
});
// support built-in structs.
CGRect rect = stub.fooCGRect(CGRect(4, 3, 2, 1));
print(rect);
```
Corresponding Objective-C code:
```objc
typedef int(^BarBlock)(NSObject *a);
@interface RuntimeStub
- (CGRect)fooCGRect:(CGRect)rect;
- (void)fooBlock:(BarBlock)block;
@end
```
More iOS examples see: [ios_unit_test.dart](/dart_native/example/lib/ios/unit_test.dart)
+ 5.2 Android:
Dart code (generated):
```dart
// new Java object.
RuntimeStub stub = RuntimeStub();
// get java list.
List list = stub.getList([1, 2, 3, 4]);
// support interface.
stub.setDelegateListener(DelegateStub());
```
Corresponding Java code:
```java
public class RuntimeStub {
public List getList(List list) {
List returnList = new ArrayList<>();
returnList.add(1);
returnList.add(2);
return returnList;
}
public void setDelegateListener(SampleDelegate delegate) {
delegate.callbackInt(1);
}
}
```
More android examples see: [android_unit_test.dart](/dart_native/example/lib/android/unit_test.dart)
NOTE: *If you use dart_native on macOS, you must use `use_frameworks!` in your Podfile.*
## Documentation
### Further reading
- [告别 Flutter Channel，调用 Native API 仅需一行代码！](http://yulingtianxia.com/blog/2020/06/25/Codegen-for-DartNative/)
- [如何实现一行命令自动生成 Flutter 插件](http://yulingtianxia.com/blog/2020/07/25/How-to-Implement-Codegen/)
- [用 Dart 来写 Objective-C 代码](http://yulingtianxia.com/blog/2019/10/27/Write-Objective-C-Code-using-Dart/)
- [谈谈 dart_native 混合编程引擎的设计](http://yulingtianxia.com/blog/2019/11/28/DartObjC-Design/)
- [DartNative Memory Management: Object](http://yulingtianxia.com/blog/2019/12/26/DartObjC-Memory-Management-Object/)
- [DartNative Memory Management: C++ Non-Object](http://yulingtianxia.com/blog/2020/01/31/DartNative-Memory-Management-Cpp-Non-Object/)
- [DartNative Struct](http://yulingtianxia.com/blog/2020/02/24/DartNative-Struct/)
- [在 Flutter 中玩转 Objective-C Block](http://yulingtianxia.com/blog/2020/03/28/Using-Objective-C-Block-in-Flutter/)
- [Passing Out Parameter in DartNative](http://yulingtianxia.com/blog/2020/04/25/Passing-Out-Parameter-in-DartNative/)
## FAQs
Q: Failed to lookup symbol (dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, InitDartApiDL): symbol not found) on macOS archive.
A: Select one solution:
1. Use dynamic library: Add `use_frameworks!` in Podfile.
2. Select Target Runner -> Build Settings -> Strip Style -> change from "All Symbols" to "Non-Global Symbols"
## Contribution
- If you **need help** or you'd like to **ask a general question**, open an issue.
- If you **found a bug**, open an issue.
- If you **have a feature request**, open an issue.
- If you **want to contribute**, submit a pull request.
## License
DartNative is available under the BSD 3-Clause License. See the LICENSE file for more info.