https://github.com/datadaode/a-history-of-artificial-intelligence

Historical timeline of AI through research papers
https://github.com/datadaode/a-history-of-artificial-intelligence

artificial-general-intelligence artificial-intelligence machine-learning machine-learning-papers scientific-papers

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Historical timeline of AI through research papers

• Host: GitHub
• URL: https://github.com/datadaode/a-history-of-artificial-intelligence
• Owner: DataDaoDe
• License: mit
• Created: 2024-01-03T23:25:50.000Z (almost 2 years ago)
• Default Branch: master
• Last Pushed: 2024-01-21T10:02:04.000Z (over 1 year ago)
• Last Synced: 2025-02-01T18:43:14.305Z (8 months ago)
• Topics: artificial-general-intelligence, artificial-intelligence, machine-learning, machine-learning-papers, scientific-papers
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• Watchers: 2
• Forks: 0
• Open Issues: 0
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  • Readme: README.md
  • License: LICENSE

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README

          
# A History of Artificial Intelligence

This is heavily biased guide to the historical development of artificial intelligence.

## Timeline

### 1940s

1. 1943, December : [A LOGICAL CALCULUS OF THE IDEAS IMMANENT IN NERVOUS ACTIVITY](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02478259)

   - **summary** : First conceptual and computational model for neural networks

   - **authors** : McCulloch and Pitts

2. 1948, July : [A Mathematical Theory of Communication](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6773024)

   - **summary** : Creation of the Field of Information Theory

   - **authors** : Claude E. Shannon

   - **references** :

     - [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Mathematical_Theory_of_Communication#cite_note-Shannon_1948_1-1)

3. 1949 : [The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory](https://www.amazon.com/-/en/D-Hebb/dp/0805843000)

   - **summary** : The introduction of Hebbian learning, a foundational concept in neural network theory.

   - **authors** : D. O. Hebb

   - **references** :

     - [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organization_of_Behavior)

### 1950s

1. 1950, March : [Programming a Computer for Playing Chess](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4757-1968-0_1)

   - **summary** : A test case for the coming generation of artificial intelligence programs.

   - **authors** : Claude E. Shannon

2. 1950, October : [Computing Machinery and Intelligence](https://academic.oup.com/mind/article/LIX/236/433/986238)

   - **summary** : Proposal of the Turing Test, a model for determining whether a machine has human level intelligence

   - **authors** : Alan Turing

3. 1955, August : [A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence](http://jmc.stanford.edu/articles/dartmouth/dartmouth.pdf)

   - **summary** : The founding document for the field of AI

   - **authors** : John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester, Claude E. Shannon

4. 1956, September : [The logic theory machine--A complex information processing system](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1056797)

   - **summary** : First automated reasoning program

   - **authors** : A. Newell, H. Simon & C. Shaw

5. 1959 [Programs with Common Sense](http://jmc.stanford.edu/articles/mcc59.html)

   - **summary** : Common Sense Reasoning

   - **authors** : John McCarthy

6. 1959 : [GPS, a Program that Simulates Human Thought](https://iiif.library.cmu.edu/file/Simon_box00064_fld04907_bdl0001_doc0001/Simon_box00064_fld04907_bdl0001_doc0001.pdf)

   - **summary** : Described the General Problem Solver (GPS), an early AI program designed to mimic human problem-solving.

   - **authors** : H. Newell, J.C. Shaw, and H.A. Simon

7. 1959, July : [Some Studies in Machine Learning Using the Game of Checkers](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5392560)

   - **summary** : Described one of the first successful self-learning programs, applying machine learning to checkers.

   - **authors** : Arthur Samuel

### 1960s

1. 1965, June : [Fuzzy Sets](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001999586590241X)

   - **summary** : Introduction of Fuzzy Sets

   - **authors** : L.A. Zadeh

2. 1968, July : [A Formal Basis for the Heuristic Determination of Minimum Cost Paths](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4082128)

   - **summary** : Introduced the A\* search algorithm, a cornerstone in pathfinding and graph traversal algorithms in AI.

   - **authors** : Peter E. Hart, Nils J. Nilsson, Bertram Raphael

3. 1969 : [Perceptrons: An Introduction to Computational Geometry](https://academic.oup.com/mind/article/LIX/236/433/986238)

   - **summary** : This book critically analyzed the capabilities and limits of perceptrons, influencing the direction of AI research and leading to the first AI winter.

   - **authors** : Marvin Minsky, Seymour Papert

### 1970s

### 1980s

1. 1984, November : [A Theory of the Learnable](https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1968.1972)

   - **summary** : laid the foundation for computational learning theory, introducing the concept of Probably Approximately Correct (PAC) learning.

   - **authors** : Leslie Valiant

2. 1986, March : [Induction of decision trees](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00116251)

   - **summary** : In

   - **authors** : J. R. Quinlan

3. 1986, October : [Learning representations by back-propagating errors

   ](https://www.nature.com/articles/323533a0)

   - **summary** : This paper introduced the backpropagation algorithm, a cornerstone in training neural networks.

   - **authors** : David E. Rumelhart, Geoffrey E. Hinton & Ronald J. Williams

### 1990s

1. 1995, September : [Support-vector networks](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00994018)

   - **summary** : Support Vector Machines

   - **authors** : Corinna Cortes & Vladimir Vapnik

2. 1997, November : [Long Short-Term Memory](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1162/neco.1997.9.8.1735)

   - **summary** : introduction of LSTMs

   - **authors** : Sepp Hochreiter & Jürgen Schmidhuber