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https://github.com/davidxmz/lmae

Create your own Linux Mint Arch Edition.
https://github.com/davidxmz/lmae

arch-linux linux linux-mint

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Create your own Linux Mint Arch Edition.

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README 

          
# LMAE

Create your own Linux Mint Arch Edition.



 # How to create your own "LMAE" - Linux Mint Arch Edition

 

> ## Step 1 - Installing Arch Linux:

>

>> ### 1.1 - Download a Arch ISO

>>

>> You can download the ISO from the offical ArchLinux-website:

>> https://archlinux.org/download/

>

>> ### 1.2 - Flash the ISO with the flash tool of your choice

>> - balenaEtcher

>> - Win32 Disk Imager

>> - Rufus

>

>> ### 1.3 - Boot your Computer with your flashed USB/CD

>

>> ### 1.4 - Set up your keyboard layout

>> You can list available keymaps with:\

>> `ls /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/**/*.map.gz`\

>> Apply the keymap of your choice with:\

>> `loadkeys de-latin1` | Example for the german keymap

>

>> ### 1.5 - Check if your internet connection is working

>> Ensure your network interface is listed and enabled. You can check this with:\

>> `ip link`

>>

>> Check, if you can establish a connection:\

>> `ping 1.1.1.1`

>

>> ### 1.6 - Update the system clock

>> Ensure the system clock is accurate:\

>> `timedatectl set-ntp true`

>

>> ### 1.7 - Verify the boot mode

>> `ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars`\

>> If the result is "No such file or directory", that means you need to

>> install Arch in BIOS mode. If you get a list of the efivars, you should

>> install Arch in UEFI mode.

>

>> ### 1.8 - Set up your disks

>>> #### 1.8.1 - Locate your disk

>>> List your disks and find the disk on which you want to install LMAE:\

>>> `fdisk -l`\

>>> What we need, is the path of the disk, which you want to use.\

>>> The path should look like `/dev/sda`, `/dev/nvme0n1` or `/dev/mmcblk0`

>>

>>> #### 1.8.2 - Partition your disk

>>> When partitioning I use the GPT partition table. If you want to use another one you have to know the partitioning yourself

>>>

>>> Example layouts:

>>> 

>>> UEFI / GPT

>>>

>>> | Mount point | Partition type   | Suggested size             |

>>> |-------------|------------------|----------------------------|

>>> | `/mnt/boot` | EFI System       | 500MB or more              |

>>> | -           | Linux swap       | More than 512 MiB          |

>>> | `/mnt`      | Linux filesystem | the rest of the disk space |

>>>

>>>  BIOS / GPT

>>>

>>> | Mount point | Partition type   | Suggested size             |

>>> |-------------|------------------|----------------------------|

>>> | -           | BIOS boot        | 500MB or more              |

>>> | -           | Linux swap       | More than 512 MiB          |

>>> | `/mnt`      | Linux filesystem | the rest of the disk space |

>>> 

>>>

>>> Now open the disk you want to use in "cfdisk". This should look like this:

>>> `cfdisk /dev/sda`\

>>> Now choose "gpt" and press "Enter".\

>>> Then create the partitions depending on whether you have UEFI or BIOS. After that choose the partition type, write the changes and quit "cfdisk".

>>

>>> #### 1.8.3 - Format your disk

>>> Now the created partitions have to be formatted. Here we again differentiate between UEFI and BIOS.

>>>

>>> Example for UEFI:

>>> - `mkswap /dev/sda2` | Format as "Linux swap (swap)"

>>> - `mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3` | Format as "Linux filesystem (ext4)"

>>> - `mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/sda1` | Format as "FAT32"

>>>

>>> Example for BIOS:

>>> - `mkswap /dev/sda2` | Format as "Linux swap (swap)"

>>> - `mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3` | Format as "Linux filesystem (ext4)"

>>

>>> #### 1.8.4 - Mount your disk

>>> First we need to mount our "Linux filesystem" to "/mnt":\

>>> `mount /dev/sda3 /mnt`

>>>

>>> Second we need to mount the "Linux swap":\

>>> `swapon /dev/sda2`

>>> 

>>> If you are using UEFI, we need to create the mount point "/mnt/boot" now and then mount our "EFI System" partition:

>>> - `mkdir /mnt/boot`

>>> - `mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot`

>

>> ### 1.9 - Installation of the base system

>> Now we need to install all the necessary packages to get our system up and running:\

>> `pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware networkmanager grub vim`

>

>> ### 1.10 - Configure the system

>>> #### 1.10.1 - Generate an fstab

>>>

>>> We need to generate an fstab file, which mounts our disks automatically when booting:\

>>> `genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab`

>>

>>> #### 1.10.2 - Change the root to the new system

>>> After that we should change our root to "/mnt":\

>>> `arch-chroot /mnt`

>>

>>> #### 1.10.3 - Set up the system time

>>> To change the timezone, you need to change "Region", with the region and "City" with the of your timezone:\

>>> `ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Region/City /etc/localtime`

>>>

>>> After that we need to sync the system time with the hardware clock

>>> `hwclock --systohc`

>>

>>> #### 1.10.4 - Create the localization

>>> - Edit "/etc/locale.gen" with your favourite editor and uncomment the locals which you want to use. You should also uncomment "en_US.UTF-8".

>>> - To generate the locales simply run `locale-gen`

>>> - Create the file "/etc/locale.conf" and define your preferred locale in the file. Example: `LANG=en_US.UTF-8`

>>> - The last step is to create the file "/etc/vconsole.conf". In this file we need to set our keyboard layout. We do this by adding the line: `KEYMAP=de-latin1` instead of "de-latin1" you have to insert your preferred keyboard layout.

>>

>>> #### 1.10.5 - Network configuration

>>> - Create and edit the file "/etc/hostname". Choose a computer name and insert it.

>>> - Now create the file "/etc/hosts" and insert the following:\

>>> "computername" should be the name you set before in the "/etc/hostname" file

>>>

>>>       127.0.0.1      localhost

>>>       ::1            localhost

>>>       127.0.1.1      computername

>>

>>> #### 1.10.6 - Set the root password

>>> To change the root password, you simply type:\

>>> `passwd`\

>>> Now just set a new password.

>

>> ### 1.11 - Configuring the GRUB boot loader

>> Again, if you want to install a different bootloader, you have to do this yourself, as I will only explain GRUB.

>>> #### 1.11.1 - Set up GRUB with BIOS

>>> - grub-install --target=i386-pc /dev/sda

>>

>>> #### 1.11.2 - Set up GRUB with UEFI

>>> - grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=esp --bootloader-id=GRUB

>>

>>> #### 1.11.3 - Enable microcode updates

>>> Intel-CPU: `pacman -S intel-ucode`\

>>> AMD-CPU: `pacman -S amd-ucode`

>>

>>> #### 1.11.4 - Generate the grub configuraton

>>> - grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

>

>> ### 1.12 - Loading the new System

>> - Exit the chroot environment by typing: `exit`

>> - Unmount the partitions: `umount -R /mnt`

>> - Boot into the new installed System: `reboot now`\

>> Make sure your installation medium is disconnected before booting.

>> - Log in to the new system using username "root" and your password.

>

>> ### 1.13 - Important changes to the new system

>> - Enable "NetworkManager":

>>

>>       systemctl enable NetworkManager

>>       systemctl start NetworkManager



> ## Step 2 - Setting up the desktop environment:

>> ### 2.1 - Adding a system user

>> We need to create a system user for cinnamon. You can create one and set his password by executing the following:\

>> `useradd -m username` | Replace "username" with the name you want to use. \

>> `passwd username` | Replace "username" with the name you used before.

>

>> ### 2.2 - Installing the desktop environment

>> - First, we need to download the necessary packages:\

>> `pacman -S xorg lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter cinnamon gnome-terminal`

>> - Second, we need start "lightdm", to open our desktop:

>>

>>       systemctl enable lightdm

>>       systemctl start lightdm

>> - The last step is to login to our desktop using the password of the user we created before.

>

>> ### 2.3 - Changing the keyboard layout

>> - Navigate to "cinnamon menu -> keyboard -> layouts"

>> - Set the keyboard layout of your choice by adding it at the bottem left (+) and delete the default (-)

>

>> ### 2.4 - Set up sudo

>> - Install sudo using: `pacman -S sudo`

>> - Open the Terminal and login as root using: `su`

>> - Type `EDITOR=vim visudo`, to open the "sudoers"-file.

>> - Under "User privilege specification" we should add our user. This should look like:

>>

>>       ##

>>       ## User privilege specification

>>       ##

>>       root ALL=(ALL) ALL

>>       username ALL=(ALL) ALL

>>

>> - Save and close the file.

>> - Now change back to the user account with: `su username`

>> - Sudo is now set up and ready to use.

>

>> ### 2.5 - Activating the AUR

>> To use the AUR, we need to install yay:

>> - `sudo pacman -S git base-devel` | Install necessary packages.

>> - `cd ~` | Change directory to the users home.

>> - `git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git` | Download yay.

>> - `cd yay` | Change directory to the folder we have downloaded.

>> - `makepkg -si` | Build package and install yay.

>> - `cd ..`| Go back to the home directory.

>> - `rm -rf ./yay/` | Delete the yay-folder.

>> - `yay -Syy` | Make sure yay is working and sync the package database.

>

>> ### 2.6 - Making cinnamon look like on Linux Mint

>>> #### 2.6.1 - Installing the Fonts

>>> - `yay -S noto-fonts noto-fonts-emoji`

>>> - Navigate to "cinnamon menu -> Font Selection" and change it to the following:

>>>

>>> 

>>>

>>> |                   | Font              | Size |

>>> |-------------------|-------------------|------|

>>> | Default font      | Ubuntu Regular    | 10   |

>>> | Desktop font      | Ubuntu Regular    | 10   |

>>> | Document font     | Sans Regular      | 10   |

>>> | Monospace font    | Monospace Regular | 10   |

>>> | Window title font | Ubuntu Medium     | 10   |

>>>

>>> 

>>>

>>

>>> #### 2.6.2 - Installing the Mint-Themes and icons

>>> - `yay -S mint-themes mint-y-icons mint-x-icons`

>>> - Navigate to "cinnamon mennu -> Themes" and choose the mint themes, which you want to use."

>>> - If you want to use the "Linux Mint backgrounds", you can install them by executing: `yay -S mint-backgrounds`\

>>> Then just choose your favourite at "cinnamon menu -> Backgrounds"

>

>> ### 2.7 - Adding printer support

>> - `yay -S cups system-config-printer`

>> - `sudo systemctl enable cups`

>> - `sudo systemctl start cups`

>

>> ### 2.8 - Installing the default Linux Mint programs

>>> #### 2.8.1 - Installing programs from category "Accessories"

>>> - `yay -S file-roller yelp warpinator mintstick xed gnome-screenshot redshift seahorse onboard sticky xviewer gnome-font-viewer bulky xreader gnome-disk-utility gucharmap gnome-calculator`

>>

>>> #### 2.8.1 - Installing programs from category "Graphics"

>>> - `yay -S simple-scan pix drawing`

>>

>>> #### 2.8.2 - Installing programs from category "Internet"

>>> - `yay -S firefox webapp-manager hexchat thunderbird transmission-gtk`

>>

>>> #### 2.8.3 - Installing programs from category "Office"

>>> - `yay -S gnome-calendar libreoffice-fresh`

>>

>>> #### 2.8.4 - Installing programs from category "Programming"

>>> - `yay -S python`

>>

>>> #### 2.8.5 - Installing programs from category "Sound & Video"

>>> - `yay -S celluloid hypnotix rhythmbox`

>>

>>> #### 2.8.6 - Installing programs from category "Administration"

>>> - `yay -S baobab gnome-logs timeshift`

>>

>>> #### 2.8.7 - Installing programs from category "Preferences"

>>> - `yay -S gufw blueberry mintlocale`