https://github.com/descriptions-of-it-technologies/terminal-commands
https://github.com/descriptions-of-it-technologies/terminal-commands
terminal terminal-commands
Last synced: 4 months ago
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- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/descriptions-of-it-technologies/terminal-commands
- Owner: descriptions-of-it-technologies
- Created: 2020-03-16T08:39:18.000Z (over 5 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2022-03-05T11:04:19.000Z (over 3 years ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-12-28T08:11:51.680Z (6 months ago)
- Topics: terminal, terminal-commands
- Size: 37.1 KB
- Stars: 0
- Watchers: 2
- Forks: 0
- Open Issues: 0
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
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README
# Terminal Commands.
## Contents at a Glance.
* [About.](#about)
* [Documentation.](#documentation)
* [General.](#general)
* [Ports.](#ports)
* [Process Management.](#process-management)
* [Navigation.](#navigation)
* [File Management.](#file-management)
* [Directory Management.](#directory-management)
* [curl](#curl)
* [Permission.](#permission)
* [Iptables Management.](#iptables-management)
* [Ip6tables Management.](#ip6tables-management)
* [Search.](#search)
* [System and Service Managements.](#system-and-service-managements)
* [Log Managements.](#log-managements)
* [Group Managements.](#groups-managements)
* [Alias.](#alias)
* [Git Commands.](https://github.com/Programming-Training-And-Practice/git-main-information/blob/master/git-commands.md)
* [Maven Commands.](https://github.com/Programming-Training-And-Practice/maven-main-information/blob/master/maven-commands.md)
* [Kubernetes Commands.](https://github.com/Programming-Training-And-Practice/kubernetes-main-information/blob/master/kubernetes-commands.md)
* [Articles.](#articles)
* [Conferences.](#conferences)
* [Conference Speakers.](#conference-speakers)
* [Tmx Terminal.](tmx.md)
* [Help.](#help)
## About.
## Documentation.
* [Ubuntu Manual.](http://manpages.ubuntu.com/)
* [systemctl](http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/bionic/en/man1/systemctl.1.html)
## Sort this commands.
| Key/Command | Description |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| sed -i '/swap/d' /etc/fstab | |
| swapoff -a | |
| sysctl --system | |
| scp | |
| watch [Command] | |
| uname -r | |
| ip a | |
| ip a s | less | |
| echo -n 'somevalue' | base64 | |
| lsb_release -dirc | |
| alias [nameAlias]="commandAlisa" | |
| pulseaudio -k | “Dummy Output” No sound in Ubuntu |
| id | |
| dive | |
| nc -z -v -w 1 [nameService] [portNumber] | |
| hostname [hostname] | Change hostname. |
| hostname -I | |
| ip a | |
| man [someCommand] | Show manual of command. |
| sudo apt-cache show [nameApp] | |
| printenv | |
| | |
`sudo touch /etc/profile.d/environment_variable.sh`
`>` - Write to the file
`>>` - Append to the file
## General.
| Key/Command | Description |
| --------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| sudo [command] | Run command with the security privileges of the superuser (Super User DO). |
| pwd | Full path to working directory. |
| cat | Concatenate to screen. |
| clear | Clears the screen. |
| top | Displays active processes. Press q to quit. |
| htop | Displays active processes. Press q to quit. |
| tree | |
| open [file] | Opens a file (as if you double clicked it). |
| reset | Resets the terminal display. |
| alias | Show all alias. |
| history | Show history. |
| whoami | Show currently user used. |
| which [nameApp] | Linux which command is used to identify the location of a given executable that is executed when you type the executable name (command) in the terminal prompt. | |
| lsblk | |
| df -h | |
| free -h | Show RAM memory. Human-readable. |
| free -m | Show RAM memory. |
| nproc | Number of CPU. |
| uptime | Show time of operating system. |
| dpkg -L [namePackage] | Shows you what files the package installed. |
| sudo apt-get update | |
| sudo apt-get upgrade | |
| sudo apt-get dist-upgrade | |
| sudo apt-get autoremove | |
| sudo apt update | |
| sudo apt upgrade | |
| sudo apt dist-upgrade | |
| sudo apt-get full-upgrade | |
| sudo apt autoremove | |
| sudo apt-get autoclean | |
| | |
* `echo "export PATH=$PATH:/pathToExecutableFile" >> /etc/bash.bashrc`
* `echo -n 'someValue' | base64`
* `echo -n 'encodedValue' | base64 --decode`
## WIFI.
| Key/Command | Description |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| nmcli d wifi list | |
| nmcli c | To see a list of all saved connections |
| nmcli radio wifi on | |
| nmcli radio wifi off | |
| nmcli d wifi connect wifiName password passwordValue | |
| nmcli d wifi connect wifiName | |
| nmcli -a d wifi connect wifiName | |
| nmcli --ask d wifi connect wifiName | |
| nmcli d wifi list --rescan yes | |
| nmcli c delete wifiName | To forget a connection (that was saved after you ran nmcli -a d wifi connect )|
| | |
## cyberghostvpn
* `cyberghostvpn --traffic --country-code coyntryCode` - list countries
* `cyberghostvpn --traffic --country-code coyntryCode --city` - list cities
* `cyberghostvpn --traffic --country-code coyntryCode --city cityName --server` - list servers
* `cyberghostvpn --traffic --country-code coyntryCode --city cityName --server serverInstanceName --connect`
* `cyberghostvpn --status`
* `cyberghostvpn --stop`
## SSH.
| Key/Command | Description |
| --------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| ssh-keygen | |
| ssh-copy-id [nameUser]@[ipAddress] | Copy ssh keys to dedicated server. |
| | |
## Users.
| Key/Command | Description |
| --------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| useradd [nameUser] | Add new user. |
| passwd [nameUser] | Change password of user. |
| usermod -aG [nameGroup] [nameUser] | Add user to the group. |
| | |
## Ports.
| Key/Command | Description |
| --------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| sudo lsof -i -P -n | grep LISTEN | |
| sudo lsof -i -P -n | |
| sudo lsof -i:[numberPort] | |
| sudo fuser -k [portNumber]/tcp | |
| sudo fuser [portNumber]/tcp | |
| netstat -tulpn | grep LISTEN | |
| netstat -nltp | grep [nameApp] | |
| | |
## Process Management.
| Key/Command | Description |
| --------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| ps | |
| ps -a | Show list of processes. |
| ps -ef | Show list of processes. |
| ps aux | Show list of processes. |
| killall [nameProcess] | Kill process by name. |
| pkill -f 'java -jar' | |
| jps | Java Virtual Machine Process Status Tool. |
| jps -l | |
| jps -v | |
| lsof -i :8080 | |
| kill $(lsof -t -i :8080) | |
| pkill -f 'bazel' | |
| ps -ef | grep -iwc bazel | |
| | |
`ps -ef | grep [nameProcess]`
`ps -a | grep [nameProcess]` Show process by name.
## Navigation.
| Key/Command | Description |
| ------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------ |
| cd [folder] | Change directory e.g. `cd Documents`. |
| cd [path] | Change directory e.g. `cd /home/user/Documents`. |
| cd | Home directory. |
| cd ~ | Home directory. |
| cd / | Root of drive. |
| cd .. | Previous directory. |
| cd ../../ | Move 2 levels up. |
| ls | Short listing. |
| ls -l | Long listing. |
| ls -a | Listing incl. hidden files. |
| ls -la | Long listing incl. hidden files. |
| ls -lh | Long listing with Human readable file sizes. |
| ls -lah | |
| ls -R | Entire content of folder recursively. |
| ll | |
| la | |
| colorls | |
| colorls -a | |
| colorls -la | |
| | |
## File Management.
| Key/Command | Description |
| ------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| touch [file] | Create a new file. |
| rm [file] | Remove a file, e.g. `rm data.tmp`. |
| rm -i [file] | Remove with confirmation. |
| rm -f [file] | Force removal without confirmation. |
| cp [file] [newFileName] | Copy file to file. |
| cp [file] [dir] | Copy file to directory. |
| mv [file] [newFileName] | Move/Rename, e.g. `mv file1.ad /tmp`. |
| less [file] | Output file content delivered in screensize chunks. |
| find . -name | Finding Nested Files. |
| | |
## Directory Management.
| Key/Command | Description |
| -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
| mkdir [dir] | Create new directory. |
| mkdir -p [dir]/[dir] | Create nested directories. |
| rmdir [dir] | Remove directory (only operates on empty directories). |
| rm -R [dir] | Remove directory and contents. |
| rm -r [dir] | Remove a directory and contents. |
| rm -rf [dir] | Force removal a directory and contents. |
| du -sch ./* | Current Directory Size |
| du -ah -d 1 | |
| du -h -d 1 | |
| | |
## curl
| Key/Command | Description |
| --------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| -#, --progress-bar | Make curl display a simple progress bar instead of the more informational standard meter. |
| -b, --cookie | Supply cookie with request. If no =, then specifies the cookie file to use (see -c). |
| -c, --cookie-jar | File to save response cookies to. |
| -d, --data | Send specified data in POST request. Details provided below. |
| -f, --fail | Fail silently (don't output HTML error form if returned). |
| -F, --form | Submit form data. |
| -H, --header | Headers to supply with request. |
| -i, --include | Include HTTP headers in the output. |
| -I, --head | Fetch headers only. |
| -k, --insecure | Allow insecure connections to succeed. |
| -L, --location | Follow redirects. |
| -o, --output | Write output to . Can use --create-dirs in conjunction with this to create any directories specified in the -o path. |
| -O, --remote-name | Write output to file named like the remote file (only writes to current directory). |
| -s, --silent | Silent (quiet) mode. Use with -S to force it to show errors. |
| -v, --verbose | Provide more information (useful for debugging). |
| -w, --write-out | Make curl display information on stdout after a completed transfer. See man page for more details on available variables. Convenient way to force curl to append a newline to output: -w "\n" (can add to ~/.curlrc).|
| -X, --request | The request method to use. |
| | |
* `curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X GET http://localhost:8080`
* `curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST http://localhost:8080`
* `curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X PATCH http://localhost:8080`
* `curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X DELETE http://localhost:8080`
* `curl -d '{"key1":"value1", "key2":"value2"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST http://localhost:8080`
## Permission.
| Key/Command | Description |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| chmod +x [file] | Give permission to execute the file. |
| chown -R [userName]:[groupName] [path] | Add permissions to folder or file. |
| chown -R [userName]:[groupName] [path] -R | Add permissions recursively to folder or file. |
| | |
## Iptables Management.
| Key/Command | Description |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| sudo iptables-save | View the current configuration for IPv4. |
| sudo ip6tables-save | View the current configuration for IPv6. |
| sudo vim /etc/network/if-up.d/iptables-rules | Create a script with a dump of iptables rules. |
| sudo chmod +x /etc/network/if-up.d/iptables-rules | We make the iptables script executable. |
| sudo /etc/network/if-up.d/iptables-rules | Load the iptables rules. |
| sudo iptables -L | Show list of rules. |
| | |
## Ip6tables Management.
| Key/Command | Description |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| sudo ip6tables-save | View the current configuration for IPv6. |
| sudo vim /etc/network/if-up.d/ip6tables-rules | Create a script with a dump of ip6tables rules. |
| sudo chmod +x /etc/network/if-up.d/ip6tables-rules | We make the ip6tables script executable. |
| sudo /etc/network/if-up.d/ip6tables-rules | Load the ip6tables rules. |
| | |
## Python.
| Key/Command | Description |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| python --version | |
| python2 --version | |
| python3 --version | |
| python -V | |
| python2 -V | |
| python3 -V | |
| pip3 --version | |
| ls /usr/bin/python* | Check what python versions are available on your Ubuntu system. |
| sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2 1 | Set Python alternatives. |
| sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 2 | Set Python alternatives. |
| sudo update-alternatives --list python | Check if you already have some python alternatives configured. |
| sudo update-alternatives --config python | Change to alternative python version. |
| | |
## Search.
| Key/Command | Description |
| --------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| find [dir] -name [search_pattern] | Search for files, e.g. `find /Users -name "file.txt"`. |
| grep [search_pattern] [file] | Search for all lines that contain the pattern, e.g. `grep "Tom" file.txt`. |
| grep -r [search_pattern] [dir] | Recursively search in all files in specified directory for all lines that contain the pattern. |
| grep -v [search_pattern] [file] | Search for all lines that do NOT contain the pattern. |
| grep -i [search_pattern] [file] | Search for all lines that contain the case-insensitive pattern. |
| -i | Ignore case distinctions on Linux and Unix |
| -w | Force PATTERN to match only whole words |
| -v | Select non-matching lines |
| -n | Print line number with output lines |
| -h | Suppress the Unix file name prefix on output |
| -r | Search directories recursivly on Linux |
| -R | Just like -r but follow all symlinks |
| -l | Print only names of FILEs with selected lines |
| -c | Print only a count of selected lines per FILE |
| --color | Display matched pattern in colors |
| | |
## System and Service Managements.
| Alias | Command |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| systemctl list-unit-files | |
| systemctl list-units | |
| systemctl --all | |
| systemctl --failed | |
| systemctl status [nameService] | Show status of service. |
| systemctl status [nameService.service] | Show status of service. |
| systemctl start [nameService.service] | Start the service. |
| systemctl stop [nameService.service] | Stops the service. |
| systemctl restart [nameService.service] | Restart the service. |
| systemctl enable [nameService.service] | Enable to starts on boot. |
| systemctl disable [nameService.service] | Disable to start on boot. |
| systemctl is-enabled [nameService] | Check status of service enabled or disabled. |
| service [nameService] start | |
| service [nameService] status | |
| service [nameService] reload | |
| service [nameService] stop | |
| service --status-all | |
| systemctl daemon-reload | |
| | |
`systemctl list-units | grep .service`
`systemctl list-unit-files | grep .service`
## Log Managements.
| Key/Command | Description |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| journalctl | Show every journal entry that is in the system will be displayed within a page. |
| journalctl -b | Displaying logs from the current Boot. |
| journalctl --list-boots | To see the boots that journald knows about. |
| journalctl -u [name] | To see all of the logs from an unit name our system. |
| journalctl -p [priorityLevel] | To see all of the logs at a priority level on you system. |
| journalctl -p err | |
| journalctl -p crit | |
| journalctl -n | To display a set amount of records. | |
| journalctl -f | To actively follow the logs as they are being writen. |
| | |
## Groups Managements.
| Key/Command | Description |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| gpasswd -a [userName] [groupName] | Add user to the group. |
| getent group [groupName] | |
| | |
## Alias.
| Alias | Command |
| --------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| h | history |
| history | omz_history |
| | |
| l | ls -CF |
| lS | ls -1FSsh |
| la | ls -A |
| lart | ls -1Fcart |
| ldot | ls -ld .* |
| ll | ls -alF |
| lr | ls -tRFh |
| lrt | ls -1Fcrt |
| ls | ls --color=auto |
| lsa | ls -lah |
| lt | ls -ltFh |
| mv | mv -i |
* hsi `history | grep -i`
* hs `history | grep`
## Articles.
## Conferences.
## Conference Speakers.
## Help.