https://github.com/eval/nero
🔥 Declarative YAML-tags
https://github.com/eval/nero
rails ruby yaml
Last synced: 3 months ago
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🔥 Declarative YAML-tags
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/eval/nero
- Owner: eval
- License: mit
- Created: 2025-01-27T12:10:34.000Z (4 months ago)
- Default Branch: main
- Last Pushed: 2025-03-19T20:41:30.000Z (3 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2025-03-19T21:39:24.155Z (3 months ago)
- Topics: rails, ruby, yaml
- Language: Ruby
- Homepage:
- Size: 90.8 KB
- Stars: 8
- Watchers: 2
- Forks: 1
- Open Issues: 2
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- Changelog: CHANGELOG.md
- License: LICENSE.txt
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README
# 🔥 Nero
[](https://badge.fury.io/rb/nero)
Nero is a RubyGem that offers declarative YAML-tags to simplify config files, e.g. for requiring and coercion of env-vars.
Additionally, it allows you to create your own.
**Sample:**
```yaml
development:
# env-var with default value
secret: !env [SECRET, "dummy"]
# optional env-var with coercion
debug?: !env/bool? DEBUG
production:
# required env-var (not required during development)
secret: !env SECRET
# coercion
max_threads: !env/integer [MAX_THREADS, 5]
# refer to other keys
min_threads: !env/integer [MIN_THREADS, !ref max_threads ]
# descriptive names
asset_folder: !path/rails_root [ public/assets ]
# easy to add custom tags
cache_ttl: !duration [2, hours]
```
## Highlights
* 💎 declarative YAML-tags for e.g. requiring and coercing env-vars
* 🛠️ add custom tags
* 🛤️ `Rails.application.config_for` drop-in
* ♻️ Zeitwerk-only dependency
## Installation
Install the gem and add to the application's Gemfile by executing:
```bash
bundle add nero
```
## Configuration
```ruby
Nero.configure do |nero|
nero.config_dir = Rails.root / "config"
# Now `Nero.load_file(:foo)` looks for `Rails.root / "config/foo.yml"`.
# Add custom tags
nero.add_tag("upcase") do |tag|
# tag is an instance of [Nero::BaseTag](https://rubydoc.info/github/eval/nero/main/Nero/BaseTag)
end
end
```
## Usage
> [!WARNING]
> It's early days - the API and included tags will certainly change. Check the CHANGELOG when upgrading.
### loading a config
Given the following config:
```yaml
# config/settings.yml
development:
# env-var with a fallback
secret: !env [SECRET, "dummy"]
# Though the default is false, explicitly providing "false"/"off"/"n"/"no" also works.
debug?: !env/bool? DEBUG
production:
# fail-fast on absence of SECRET
secret: !env SECRET
# always an integer
max_threads: !env/integer [MAX_THREADS, 5]
```
Loading this config:
```ruby
# Loading development
Nero.load_config("config/settings", root: :development)
# ...and no ENV-vars were provided
#=> {secret: "dummy", debug?: false}
# ...with ENV {"debug" => "true"}
#=> {secret: "dummy", debug?: true}
# Loading production
Nero.load_config("config/settings", root: :production)
# ...and no ENV-vars were provided
# raises error: key not found: "SECRET" (KeyError)
# ...with ENV {"SECRET" => "s3cr3t", "MAX_THREADS" => "3"}
#=> {secret: "s3cr3t", max_threads: 3}
```
> [!TIP]
> The following configuration would make `Nero.load_config` a drop-in replacement for [Rails.application.config_for](https://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/Rails/Application.html#method-i-config_for):
```ruby
Nero.configure do |config|
config.config_dir = Rails.root / "config"
end
Nero.load_config(:settings, env: Rails.env)
```
### built-in tags
The following tags are provided:
- `!env KEY`, `!env? KEY`
Resp. to fetch or get a value from `ENV`:
```yaml
---
# required
secret: !env SECRET
# optional, with fallback:
secret: !env [SECRET, "dummy-fallback"]
# ...or nil
secret: !env? SECRET
```
- to coerce env-values:
- `env/integer`, `env/integer?`, `env/float`, `env/float?`:
```yaml
port: !env/integer [PORT, 3000]
threads: !env/integer? THREADS # nil when not provided
threshold: !env/float CUTOFF
```
- `env/bool`, `env/bool?`:
```yaml
# required (valid values 'y(es)'/'n(o)', 'true'/'false', 'on'/'off')
over18: !env/bool OVER18
# optional, with fallback:
secure: !env/bool [SECURE, true]
# ...or false:
debug?: !env/bool? DEBUG
```
> [!TIP]
> Make all env-var's optional by providing `ENV["NERO_ENV_ALL_OPTIONAL"]`, e.g.
```shell
$ env NERO_ENV_ALL_OPTIONAL=1 SECRET_KEY_BASE_DUMMY=1 rails asset:precompile
```
- `!path`
Create a [Pathname](https://rubyapi.org/3.4/o/pathname):
```yaml
config: !path config
# combining tags:
asset_folder: !path
- !env PROJECT_ROOT
- /public/assets
```
- `!path/git_root`, `!path/rails_root`
Create a Pathname relative to some root-path.
The root-path is expected to be an existing ancestor folder of the yaml-config being parsed.
It's found by traversing up and checking for the presence of specific files/folders, e.g. '.git' (`!path/git_root`) or 'config.ru' (`!path/rails_root`).
While the root-path needs to exist, the resulting Pathname doesn't need to.
```yaml
project_root: !path/git_root
config_folder: !path/rails_root [ config ]
```
- `!uri`
Create a [URI](https://rubyapi.org/3.4/o/uri):
```yaml
smtp_url: !uri
- smtps://
- !env SMTP_CREDS
- @smtp.gmail.com
```
- `!str/format`
Using Ruby's [format specifications](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/format_specifications_rdoc.html):
```yaml
smtp_url: !str/format
- smtps://%s:%[email protected]
- !env SMTP_USER
- !env SMTP_PASS
# pass it a map (including a key 'fmt') to use references
smtp_url: !str/format
fmt: smtps://%s:%[email protected]
user: !env SMTP_USER
pass: !env SMTP_PASS
```
- `!ref`
Include values from elsewhere:
```yaml
# simple
min_threads: !env/integer [MIN_THREADS, !ref [max_threads]]
max_threads: 5
# oauth_callback -refs-> base.url -refs-> base.host
base:
host: !env [HOST]
url: !str/format ['https://%s', !ref[base, host]]
oauth_callback: !str/format
- '%s/oauth/callback'
- !ref[base, url]
# refs are resolved within the tree of the selected root.
# The following config won't work when doing `Nero.load_config(:app, root: :prod)`
dev:
max_threads: 5
prod:
max_threads: !env[MAX_THREADS, !ref[dev, max_threads]]
```
NOTE future version should raise properly over ref-ing a non-existing path.
### custom tags
Three ways to do this:
1. a block
```ruby
Nero.configure do |nero|
nero.add_tag("upcase") do |tag|
# `tag` is a `Nero::BaseTag`.
# In YAML args are provided as scalar, seq or map:
# ---
# k: !upcase bar
# ---
# k: !upcase [bar] # equivalent to:
# k: !upcase
# - bar
# ---
# k: !upcase
# bar: baz
#
# Find these args via `tag.args` (Array or Hash):
case tag.args
when Hash
tag.args.each_with_object({}) {|(k,v), acc| acc[k] = v.upcase }
else
tag.args.map(&:upcase)
end
# NOTE though a tag might just need one argument (ie scalar),
# it's helpful to accept a seq as it allows for chaining:
# a: !my/inc 4 # scalar suffices
# ...but when chaining, it needs to be a seq:
# a: !my/inc [ !my/square 2 ]
end
end
```
Blocks are passed instances of [Nero::BaseTag](https://rubydoc.info/github/eval/nero/main/Nero/BaseTag).
1. re-use existing tag-class
You can add an existing tag under a better fitting name this way.
Also: some tag-classes have options that allow for simple customizations (like `coerce` below):
```ruby
Nero.configure do |nero|
nero.add_tag("env/upcase", klass: Nero::EnvTag[coerce: :upcase])
# Alias for path/git_root:
nero.add_tag("path/project_root", klass: Nero::PathRootTag[containing: '.git'])
end
```
1. custom class
```ruby
class RotTag < Nero::BaseTag
# Configure:
# ```
# config.add_tag("rot/12", klass: RotTag[n: 12])
# config.add_tag("rot/10", klass: RotTag[n: 10]) do |secret|
# "#{secret} (try breaking this!)"
# end
# ```
#
# Usage in YAML:
# ```
# secret: !rot/12 some message
# very_secret: !rot/10 [ !env [ MSG, some message ] ]
# ```
# => {secret: "EAyq yqEEmsq", very_secret: "Cywo woCCkqo (try breaking this!)"}
# By overriding `init_options` we can restrict/require options,
# provide default values and do any other setup.
# By default an option is available via `options[:foo]`.
def init_options(n: 10)
super # no specific assignments, so available via `options[:n]`.
end
def chars
@chars ||= (('a'..'z').to_a + ('A'..'Z').to_a + ('0'..'9').to_a)
end
def resolve(**) # currently no keywords are passed, but `**` allows for future ones.
# Here we actually do the work: get the args, rotate strings and delegate to the block.
# `args` are the resolved nested args (so e.g. `!env MSG` is already resolved).
# `config` is the tag's config, and contains e.g. the block.
block = config.fetch(:block, :itself.to_proc)
# String#tr replaces any character from the first collection with the same position in the other:
args.join.tr(chars.join, chars.rotate(options[:n]).join).then(&block)
end
end
```
## Development
After checking out the repo, run `bin/setup` to install dependencies. Then, run `rake spec` to run the tests. You can also run `bin/console` for an interactive prompt that will allow you to experiment.
To install this gem onto your local machine, run `bundle exec rake install`. To release a new version, update the version number in `version.rb`, and then run `bundle exec rake release`, which will create a git tag for the version, push git commits and the created tag, and push the `.gem` file to [rubygems.org](https://rubygems.org).
## Contributing
Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/eval/nero.
## License
The gem is available as open source under the terms of the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT).