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https://github.com/facebookresearch/LAMA
LAnguage Model Analysis
https://github.com/facebookresearch/LAMA
Last synced: about 1 month ago
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LAnguage Model Analysis
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/facebookresearch/LAMA
- Owner: facebookresearch
- License: other
- Created: 2019-03-29T06:06:05.000Z (over 5 years ago)
- Default Branch: main
- Last Pushed: 2024-07-07T07:13:09.000Z (5 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-08-02T08:10:08.802Z (4 months ago)
- Language: Python
- Homepage:
- Size: 471 KB
- Stars: 1,333
- Watchers: 72
- Forks: 180
- Open Issues: 39
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- Contributing: CONTRIBUTING.md
- License: LICENSE
- Code of conduct: CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
Awesome Lists containing this project
- awesome-bert - facebookresearch/LAMA - trained language models. (BERT language model and embedding:)
README
# LAMA: LAnguage Model Analysis
LAMA is a probe for analyzing the factual and commonsense knowledge contained in pretrained language models.
#### The dataset for the LAMA probe is available at https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/LAMA/data.zip
LAMA contains a set of connectors to pretrained language models.
LAMA exposes a transparent and unique interface to use:
- Transformer-XL (Dai et al., 2019)
- BERT (Devlin et al., 2018)
- ELMo (Peters et al., 2018)
- GPT (Radford et al., 2018)
- RoBERTa (Liu et al., 2019)
Actually, LAMA is also a beautiful animal.
## Reference:
The LAMA probe is described in the following papers:
```bibtex
@inproceedings{petroni2019language,
title={Language Models as Knowledge Bases?},
author={F. Petroni, T. Rockt{\"{a}}schel, A. H. Miller, P. Lewis, A. Bakhtin, Y. Wu and S. Riedel},
booktitle={In: Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), 2019},
year={2019}
}
@inproceedings{petroni2020how,
title={How Context Affects Language Models' Factual Predictions},
author={Fabio Petroni and Patrick Lewis and Aleksandra Piktus and Tim Rockt{\"a}schel and Yuxiang Wu and Alexander H. Miller and Sebastian Riedel},
booktitle={Automated Knowledge Base Construction},
year={2020},
url={https://openreview.net/forum?id=025X0zPfn}
}
```
## The LAMA probe
To reproduce our results:
### 1. Create conda environment and install requirements
(optional) It might be a good idea to use a separate conda environment. It can be created by running:
```
conda create -n lama37 -y python=3.7 && conda activate lama37
pip install -r requirements.txt
```
### 2. Download the data
```bash
wget https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/LAMA/data.zip
unzip data.zip
rm data.zip
```
### 3. Download the models
#### DISCLAIMER: ~55 GB on disk
Install spacy model
```bash
python3 -m spacy download en
```
Download the models
```bash
chmod +x download_models.sh
./download_models.sh
```
The script will create and populate a _pre-trained_language_models_ folder.
If you are interested in a particular model please edit the script.
### 4. Run the experiments
```bash
python scripts/run_experiments.py
```
results will be logged in _output/_ and _last_results.csv_.
## Other versions of LAMA
### LAMA-UHN
This repository also provides a script (`scripts/create_lama_uhn.py`) to create the data used in (Poerner et al., 2019).
### Negated-LAMA
This repository also gives the option to evalute how pretrained language models handle negated probes (Kassner et al., 2019), set the flag `use_negated_probes` in `scripts/run_experiments.py`. Also, you should use this version of the LAMA probe https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/LAMA/negated_data.tar.gz
## What else can you do with LAMA?
### 1. Encode a list of sentences
and use the vectors in your downstream task!
```bash
pip install -e git+https://github.com/facebookresearch/LAMA#egg=LAMA
```
```python
import argparse
from lama.build_encoded_dataset import encode, load_encoded_dataset
PARAMETERS= {
"lm": "bert",
"bert_model_name": "bert-large-cased",
"bert_model_dir":
"pre-trained_language_models/bert/cased_L-24_H-1024_A-16",
"bert_vocab_name": "vocab.txt",
"batch_size": 32
}
args = argparse.Namespace(**PARAMETERS)
sentences = [
["The cat is on the table ."], # single-sentence instance
["The dog is sleeping on the sofa .", "He makes happy noises ."], # two-sentence
]
encoded_dataset = encode(args, sentences)
print("Embedding shape: %s" % str(encoded_dataset[0].embedding.shape))
print("Tokens: %r" % encoded_dataset[0].tokens)
# save on disk the encoded dataset
encoded_dataset.save("test.pkl")
# load from disk the encoded dataset
new_encoded_dataset = load_encoded_dataset("test.pkl")
print("Embedding shape: %s" % str(new_encoded_dataset[0].embedding.shape))
print("Tokens: %r" % new_encoded_dataset[0].tokens)
```
### 2. Fill a sentence with a gap.
You should use the symbol ```[MASK]``` to specify the gap.
Only single-token gap supported - i.e., a single ```[MASK]```.
```bash
python lama/eval_generation.py \
--lm "bert" \
--t "The cat is on the [MASK]."
```
source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bluebell_on_the_phone.jpg
Note that you could use this functionality to answer _cloze-style_ questions, such as:
```bash
python lama/eval_generation.py \
--lm "bert" \
--t "The theory of relativity was developed by [MASK] ."
```
## Install LAMA with pip
Clone the repo
```bash
git clone [email protected]:facebookresearch/LAMA.git && cd LAMA
```
Install as an editable package:
```bash
pip install --editable .
```
If you get an error in mac os x, please try running this instead
```bash
CFLAGS="-Wno-deprecated-declarations -std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++" pip install --editable .
```
## Language Model(s) options
Option to indicate which language model(s) to use:
* __--language-models/--lm__ : comma separated list of language models (__REQUIRED__)
### BERT
BERT pretrained models can be loaded both: (i) passing the name of the model and using huggingface cached versions or (ii) passing the folder containing the vocabulary and the PyTorch pretrained model (look at convert_tf_checkpoint_to_pytorch in [here](https://github.com/huggingface/pytorch-pretrained-BERT) to convert the TensorFlow model to PyTorch).
* __--bert-model-dir/--bmd__ : directory that contains the BERT pre-trained model and the vocabulary
* __--bert-model-name/--bmn__ : name of the huggingface cached versions of the BERT pre-trained model (default = 'bert-base-cased')
* __--bert-vocab-name/--bvn__ : name of vocabulary used to pre-train the BERT model (default = 'vocab.txt')
### RoBERTa
* __--roberta-model-dir/--rmd__ : directory that contains the RoBERTa pre-trained model and the vocabulary (__REQUIRED__)
* __--roberta-model-name/--rmn__ : name of the RoBERTa pre-trained model (default = 'model.pt')
* __--roberta-vocab-name/--rvn__ : name of vocabulary used to pre-train the RoBERTa model (default = 'dict.txt')
### ELMo
* __--elmo-model-dir/--emd__ : directory that contains the ELMo pre-trained model and the vocabulary (__REQUIRED__)
* __--elmo-model-name/--emn__ : name of the ELMo pre-trained model (default = 'elmo_2x4096_512_2048cnn_2xhighway')
* __--elmo-vocab-name/--evn__ : name of vocabulary used to pre-train the ELMo model (default = 'vocab-2016-09-10.txt')
### Transformer-XL
* __--transformerxl-model-dir/--tmd__ : directory that contains the pre-trained model and the vocabulary (__REQUIRED__)
* __--transformerxl-model-name/--tmn__ : name of the pre-trained model (default = 'transfo-xl-wt103')
### GPT
* __--gpt-model-dir/--gmd__ : directory that contains the gpt pre-trained model and the vocabulary (__REQUIRED__)
* __--gpt-model-name/--gmn__ : name of the gpt pre-trained model (default = 'openai-gpt')
## Evaluate Language Model(s) Generation
options:
* __--text/--t__ : text to compute the generation for
* __--i__ : interactive mode
one of the two is required
example considering both BERT and ELMo:
```bash
python lama/eval_generation.py \
--lm "bert,elmo" \
--bmd "pre-trained_language_models/bert/cased_L-24_H-1024_A-16/" \
--emd "pre-trained_language_models/elmo/original/" \
--t "The cat is on the [MASK]."
```
example considering only BERT with the default pre-trained model, in an interactive fashion:
```bash
python lamas/eval_generation.py \
--lm "bert" \
--i
```
## Get Contextual Embeddings
```bash
python lama/get_contextual_embeddings.py \
--lm "bert,elmo" \
--bmn bert-base-cased \
--emd "pre-trained_language_models/elmo/original/"
```
## Unified vocabulary
The intersection of the vocabularies for all considered models
- [cased](https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/LAMA/common_vocab_cased.txt)
- [lowercased](https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/LAMA/common_vocab_lowercased.txt)
## Troubleshooting
If the module cannot be found, preface the python command with `PYTHONPATH=.`
If the experiments fail on GPU memory allocation, try reducing batch size.
## Acknowledgements
* [https://github.com/huggingface/pytorch-pretrained-BERT](https://github.com/huggingface/pytorch-pretrained-BERT)
* [https://github.com/allenai/allennlp](https://github.com/allenai/allennlp)
* [https://github.com/pytorch/fairseq](https://github.com/pytorch/fairseq)
## Other References
- __(Kassner et al., 2019)__ Nora Kassner, Hinrich Schütze. _Negated LAMA: Birds cannot fly_. arXiv preprint arXiv:1911.03343, 2019.
- __(Poerner et al., 2019)__ Nina Poerner, Ulli Waltinger, and Hinrich Schütze. _BERT is Not a Knowledge Base (Yet): Factual Knowledge vs. Name-Based Reasoning in Unsupervised QA_. arXiv preprint arXiv:1911.03681, 2019.
- __(Dai et al., 2019)__ Zihang Dai, Zhilin Yang, Yiming Yang, Jaime G. Carbonell, Quoc V. Le, and Ruslan Salakhutdi. _Transformer-xl: Attentive language models beyond a fixed-length context_. CoRR, abs/1901.02860.
- __(Peters et al., 2018)__ Matthew E. Peters, Mark Neumann, Mohit Iyyer, Matt Gardner, Christopher Clark, Kenton Lee, and Luke Zettlemoyer. 2018. _Deep contextualized word representations_. NAACL-HLT 2018
- __(Devlin et al., 2018)__ Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. 2018. _BERT: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding_. CoRR, abs/1810.04805.
- __(Radford et al., 2018)__ Alec Radford, Karthik Narasimhan, Tim Salimans, and Ilya Sutskever. 2018. _Improving language understanding by generative pre-training_.
- __(Liu et al., 2019)__ Yinhan Liu, Myle Ott, Naman Goyal, Jingfei Du, Mandar Joshi, Danqi Chen, Omer Levy, Mike Lewis, Luke Zettlemoyer, Veselin Stoyanov. 2019. _RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach_. arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.11692.
## Licence
LAMA is licensed under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license. The text of the license can be found [here](LICENSE).