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https://github.com/framps/raspberrytools

Some useful tools for Raspberry Pi
https://github.com/framps/raspberrytools

linux python raspberry raspberry-pi sample-code tools

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Some useful tools for Raspberry Pi

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***

If you like my work and want me to be able to keep improving it, please sponsor me on [GitHub](https://github.com/sponsors/framps) or visit [this page](https://www.linux-tips-and-tricks.de/en/donations) which lists alternate ways to donate.

***



### Note

There is a [very useful tools collection](https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?t=196778) available, called usb-tools **Running Raspbian from USB Devices : Made Easy** which contains four very nice tools called usb-boot, sdc-boot, mbr2gpt and set-partuuid.



### Note

Use invokeTool.sh to download and call a tool immediately.

* Example: `curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/framps/raspberryTools/master/invokeTool.sh | bash -s -- findSensors.sh -s m` will download and call findSensors.sh with argument `-s m`.



Or use downloadRepoFiles.sh to select multiple tools you want to download and test first. Optionally you can install them later with option `-i`.



Command to download and execute downloadRepoFiles.sh:

* `curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/framps/raspberryTools/master/downloadRepoFiles.sh | bash -s -- -i`



### List of my "some useful tools for Raspberry Pi"

For sample outputs of the tools click the links.



1. [raspiNetInfo.sh](#raspinetinfosh) - Collect network information for people who want to help in network problem determination and test for common network configuration errors



2. checkWLANAndRestart.sh - Check on regular base for WLAN connection and either restart network interface or reboot Raspberry if there is no connection



3. [checkThrottled.sh](#checkthrottledsh) - Check Raspberry throttled bits with `vcgencmd get_throttled` and display their meaning if throtteling happened since boot or since last script invocation



4. [testCPUTemperature.sh](#testcputemperaturesh) - Generates 100% CPU load on a Raspberry and monitors the CPU temperature. Useful to test the effectiveness of a heat sink and/or fan.



5. [retrieveTerrabytesWritten.sh](#retrieveterrabyteswrittensh) - Either retrieves the Total Bytes Written of all existing SSDs on the system or a specific SSD. Helps to get an idea when the SSD will reach it's end of life.



6. [retrieveLifetimeWrites.sh](#retrievelifetimewritessh) - Either retrieves the LifetimeWrites of one or all existing ext2/ext3 and ext4 partitions. Helps to get an idea when the SD card or disk will reach it's end of life.



7. [findRaspis.sh](#findraspissh) - Scan the local net for Raspberries and print the IPs, macs and hostnames sorted by IP. A config file can be used to add an additional descriptions for the hostname



8. [findSensors.sh](#findsensorssh) - Scan the local net for ESP sensors and print the IPs, macs and hostnames sorted by IP. A config file can be used to add an additional descriptions for the hostname



9. [checkPARTUUIDsInDDImage.sh](https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools/blob/master/checkPARTUUIDsInDDImage.sh) - Retrieve PARTUUIDs of Raspberry dd Backup image partitions /boot and / and check if they match in /boot/cmdline.txt and /etc/fstab



10. [syncUUIDs.sh](https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools/blob/master/syncUUIDs.sh) - Check whether /boot/cmdline.txt and /etc/fstab on a device match the UUIDs, PARTUUIDs or LABELs used on the device partitions. Option -u will synchronize the files. Useful when an image was cloned to another device and fails during boot.



11. [raspiKernelInfo.sh](https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools/blob/master/raspiKernelInfo.sh) - Retrieve info about the running system on a Raspberry



12. [raspiHandleKernels.sh](#raspiHandleKernels.sh) - Uninstall and reinstall unused kernels in a bookworm image to speed up apt upgrade processing



13. [switchOS.sh](https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools/blob/master/switchOS.sh) - Switch the OS boot device if there are multiple boot devices (e.g. mmcblk0 and nvme0n1)



## raspiHandleKernels.sh



Display unused kernels

```

raspiHandleKernels.sh v0.2.4 (https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools)

--- Following kernel is used

linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-v8

--- Following 3 kernels are not required and can be uninstalled to speed up system updates

--- Note the kernel names are saved in /boot/raspiHandleKernels.krnl and thus can be reinstalled if hardware changes

linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712

linux-image-rpi-2712

linux-image-rpi-v8

--- Use option -e to uninstall 3 unused kernels

```



Uninstall unused kernels

```

./raspiHandleKernels.sh -e

raspiHandleKernels.sh v0.2.4 (https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools)

--- Following kernel is used

linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-v8

--- Following 3 kernels are not required and can be uninstalled to speed up system updates

--- Note the kernel names are saved in /boot/raspiHandleKernels.krnl and thus can be reinstalled if hardware changes

linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712

linux-image-rpi-2712

linux-image-rpi-v8

--- Are you sure to uninstall all 3 unused kernels ? (y/N) y

--- Do you have a backup ? (y/N) y

--- Saving 3 unused kernel names in /boot/raspiHandleKernels.krnl

--- Removing 3 unused kernels

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree... Done

Reading state information... Done

The following packages will be REMOVED:

  linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712 linux-image-rpi-2712 linux-image-rpi-v8

0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove and 1 not upgraded.

After this operation, 33.0 MB disk space will be freed.

(Reading database ... 55838 files and directories currently installed.)

Removing linux-image-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...

Removing linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...

/etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools:

update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712

/etc/kernel/postrm.d/z50-raspi-firmware:

removed '/boot/firmware/kernel_2712.img'

removed '/boot/firmware/initramfs_2712'

Removing linux-image-rpi-v8 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...



```



Display kernels which will be reinstalled

```

./raspiHandleKernels.sh

raspiHandleKernels.sh v0.2.4 (https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools)

--- Following 3 unused kernels can be reinstalled

linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712

linux-image-rpi-2712

linux-image-rpi-v8

--- Use option -e to reinstall 3 unused kernels

```



Reinstall unused kernels

```

./raspiHandleKernels.sh -e

raspiHandleKernels.sh v0.2.4 (https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools)

--- Following 3 unused kernels can be reinstalled

linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712

linux-image-rpi-2712

linux-image-rpi-v8

--- Are you sure to reinstall all 3 unused kernels ? (y/N) y

--- Installing 3 unused kernels

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree... Done

Reading state information... Done

ySuggested packages:

  linux-doc-6.6 debian-kernel-handbook

The following NEW packages will be installed:

  linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712

0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.

Need to get 29.4 MB of archives.

After this operation, 32.9 MB of additional disk space will be used.

Get:1 http://archive.raspberrypi.com/debian bookworm/main arm64 linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712 arm64 1:6.6.31-1+rpt1 [29.4 MB]

Fetched 29.4 MB in 3s (10.5 MB/s)                           

Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712.

(Reading database ... 53260 files and directories currently installed.)

Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712_1%3a6.6.31-1+rpt1_arm64.deb ...

Unpacking linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...

Setting up linux-image-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...

/etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:

update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712

'/boot/initrd.img-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712' -> '/boot/firmware/initramfs_2712'

/etc/kernel/postinst.d/z50-raspi-firmware:

'/boot/vmlinuz-6.6.31+rpt-rpi-2712' -> '/boot/firmware/kernel_2712.img'

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree... Done

Reading state information... Done

The following NEW packages will be installed:

  linux-image-rpi-2712

0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.

Need to get 1,432 B of archives.

After this operation, 13.3 kB of additional disk space will be used.

Get:1 http://archive.raspberrypi.com/debian bookworm/main arm64 linux-image-rpi-2712 arm64 1:6.6.31-1+rpt1 [1,432 B]

Fetched 1,432 B in 0s (8,335 B/s)                

Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-rpi-2712.

(Reading database ... 55832 files and directories currently installed.)

Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-rpi-2712_1%3a6.6.31-1+rpt1_arm64.deb ...

Unpacking linux-image-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...

Setting up linux-image-rpi-2712 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree... Done

Reading state information... Done

The following NEW packages will be installed:

  linux-image-rpi-v8

0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.

Need to get 1,428 B of archives.

After this operation, 13.3 kB of additional disk space will be used.

Get:1 http://archive.raspberrypi.com/debian bookworm/main arm64 linux-image-rpi-v8 arm64 1:6.6.31-1+rpt1 [1,428 B]

Fetched 1,428 B in 0s (8,847 B/s)              

Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-rpi-v8.

(Reading database ... 55835 files and directories currently installed.)

Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-rpi-v8_1%3a6.6.31-1+rpt1_arm64.deb ...

Unpacking linux-image-rpi-v8 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...

Setting up linux-image-rpi-v8 (1:6.6.31-1+rpt1) ...

```



## findRaspis.sh



```

findRaspis.sh

Scanning subnet 192.168.0.0/24 for Raspberries ...



IP address      Mac address       Hostname (Description)

192.168.0.8     b8:27:eb:b4:e8:74 troubadix (Networking server)

192.168.0.10    b8:27:eb:3c:94:90 idefix (Homeautomation server)

192.168.0.12    dc:a6:32:8f:28:fd asterix (LAN server)

```

## findSensors.sh



```

findSensors.sh

Scanning subnet 192.168.0.0/24 for ESPs ...



IP address      Mac address       Hostname (Description)

192.168.0.101   24:62:ab:f3:04:74 sensor3.fritz.box (brightness)

192.168.0.108   24:a1:60:3d:46:1d sensor51.fritz.box (Roof)

192.168.0.109   48:3f:da:ab:00:4c sensor52.fritz.box (1st floor)

192.168.0.123   10:52:1c:5d:5c:ac ESPGW1.fritz.box (ESPNow gateway)

192.168.0.126   a4:cf:12:f5:a4:ff sensor10.fritz.box (development room)

192.168.0.143   24:a1:60:3b:87:e0 sensor50.fritz.box (2nd floor)

192.168.0.144   10:52:1c:02:44:d7 sensor15.fritz.box (basement)

192.168.0.161   a4:cf:12:f4:d9:e4 sensor9.fritz.box (living room)

192.168.0.165   e0:98:06:86:2a:71 sensor12.fritz.box (IT room)

```



## syncUUIDs.sh



Check UUIDs (UUIDs are OK):

```

sudo syncUUIDs.sh  /dev/mmcblk0

--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt

--- Boot PARTUUID 18aea473-01 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

```



Check UUIDs (UUIDs are not OK) (Note: There is a mix of UUID and PARTUUID usage):



```

sudo syncUUIDs.sh /dev/mmcblk0

!!! PARTUUID 1aea473-02 should be updated to 18aea473-02 in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt

!!! UUID 18aea473-01 should be updated to 5DF9-E225 in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

!!! PARTUUID 18aea47-02 should be updated to 18aea473-02 in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

!!! Use option -u to update the incorrect UUIDs or PARTUUIDs

```



Update UUIDs (UUIDs are not OK):



```

sudo syncUUIDs.sh  -u /dev/mmcblk0

--- Creating cmdline backup cmdline.txt.bak on /dev/mmcblk0p1

--- Updating PARTUUID 1aea473-02 to 18aea473-02 in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt

--- Creating fstab backup etc/fstab.bak on /dev/mmcblk0p2

--- Updating UUID 18aea473-01 to 5DF9-E225 in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

--- Updating PARTUUID 18aea47-02 to 18aea473-02 in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

```



Check if update was successfull :

```

sudo syncUUIDs.sh /dev/mmcblk0

--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt

--- Boot UUID 5DF9-E225 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

```



Use PARTUUID in fstab now:

```

sudo syncUUIDs.sh -u /dev/mmcblk0

--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt

--- Creating fstab backup etc/fstab.bak on /dev/mmcblk0p2

--- Updating PARTUUID 5DF9-E225 to 18aea473-01 in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

sudo syncUUIDs.sh /dev/mmcblk0

--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p1/cmdline.txt

--- Boot PARTUUID 18aea473-01 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

--- Root PARTUUID 18aea473-02 already used in /dev/mmcblk0p2/etc/fstab

```



## checkThrottled.sh



[Code](https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools/blob/master/checkThrottled.sh)



```

pi@raspberrypi-buster:~ $ ./checkThrottled.sh

Throttling in hex (bits reset on boot): 0x20000

Bit 17 set: Arm frequency capped has occurred

Throttling in hex: 0x20002 (bits reset every call)

```



## testCPUTemperature.sh



[Code](https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools/blob/master/testCPUTemperature.sh)



```

pi@raspberrypi-buster:~ $ ./testCPUTemperature.sh -i 5

Generate 100% CPU utilization and measure CPU temperature ...

CPU watch interval: 5s

Watch +0s:temp=55.8'C

Starting run 1: +0s:temp=56.4'C

Watch +5s:temp=64.5'C

Watch +10s:temp=67.7'C

Watch +15s:temp=70.4'C

Watch +20s:temp=73.1'C

Watch +25s:temp=74.1'C

Watch +30s:temp=76.3'C

Watch +35s:temp=77.4'C

Watch +40s:temp=79.0'C

Watch +45s:temp=80.6'C

Watch +50s:temp=80.6'C

Watch +55s:temp=81.1'C

Watch +60s:temp=81.7'C

Watch +65s:temp=82.2'C

Watch +70s:temp=82.7'C

Watch +75s:temp=82.7'C

```



## retrieveLifetimeWrites.sh



[Code](https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools/blob/master/retrieveLifetimeWrites.sh)



```

sudo retrieveLifetimeWrites.sh  -a

LTW of /dev/mmcblk0p2: 57.35 GiB

LTW of /dev/sdd1: 1.66 TiB

LTW of /dev/md0: 596.31 GiB

```



## retrieveTerrabytesWritten.sh



[Code](https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools/blob/master/retrieveTerrabytesWritten.sh)

```

sudo retrieveTBW.sh -a

TBW of sda: 1.56 TiB

```



## raspiNetInfo.sh



[Code](https://github.com/framps/raspberryTools/blob/master/raspiNetInfo.sh)



Tests executed:



1. IP assigned?

2. ping of IP in internet possible?

3. ping of hostname in internet possible?

4. default gateway defined?

5. nameserver defined in /etc/resolv.conf

6. ssid found with iwlist scan?

7. ssid conforms to IEEE 802.11?



Sensitive information like external IPs, MAC addresses, SSIDs and keys in config files are masqueraded.



### Sample output of script for ethernet



```

pi@raspberrypi ~ $ ./raspiNetInfo.sh -e

This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions

[spoiler][code]

raspiNetInfo.sh V0.2.9, $/$ -

--- RNI010I: Starting collection of data and network analysis. This may take some time ...

--- RNI012I: Ping of 8.8.8.8 successful

--- RNI012I: Ping of www.google.com successful

--- uname -a

Linux raspberrypi 4.1.13+ #826 PREEMPT Fri Nov 13 20:13:22 GMT 2015 armv6l GNU/Linux

--- [ -d /home/pi/.xbmc ]

no

--- ip a s | egrep "(eth|wlan)

2: eth0:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether @@:@@:@@:@@:@@ brd @@:@@:@@:@@:@@

    inet 192.168.0.109/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth0

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

3: wlan0:  mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether @@:@@:@@:@@:@@ brd @@:@@:@@:@@:@@

    inet 192.168.0.118/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global wlan0

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

--- cat /etc/resolv | grep -i "nameserver"

nameserver 192.168.0.1

--- cat /etc/network/interfaces

auto lo

iface lo inet loopback

iface eth0 inet dhcp

allow-hotplug wlan0

iface wlan0 inet manual

wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

iface default inet dhcp

--- cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1	localhost raspberrypi.@@@@@@@@@@.de

127.0.1.1	owncloud

--- ip r s | egrep "(eth|wlan)"

default via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0

192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.0.109

192.168.0.0/24 dev wlan0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.0.118

--- ip n s

192.168.0.6 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.3 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.10 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.1 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.113 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.3 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.6 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.1 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ REACHABLE

192.168.0.113 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ REACHABLE

--- RNI016I: Check logile raspiNetInfo.log for sensitive data before publishing

[/code][/spoiler]

```



### Sample output of script for WLAN



```

pi@raspberrypi ~ $ ./raspiNetInfo.sh -s MySSID

This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions

[spoiler][code]

raspiNetInfo.sh V0.2.9, $/$ -

--- RNI010I: Starting collection of data and network analysis. This may take some time ...

--- RNI012I: Ping of 8.8.8.8 successful

??? RNI013E: Ping of www.google.com failed

--- uname -a

Linux raspberrypi 4.1.13+ #826 PREEMPT Fri Nov 13 20:13:22 GMT 2015 armv6l GNU/Linux

--- [ -d /home/pi/.xbmc ]

no

--- ip a s | egrep "(eth|wlan)

2: eth0:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether @@:@@:@@:@@:@@ brd @@:@@:@@:@@:@@

    inet 192.168.0.109/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eth0

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

3: wlan0:  mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether @@:@@:@@:@@:@@ brd @@:@@:@@:@@:@@

    inet 192.168.0.118/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global wlan0

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

--- cat /etc/resolv | grep -i "nameserver"

nameserver 192.168.0.1

--- cat /etc/network/interfaces

auto lo

iface lo inet loopback

iface eth0 inet dhcp

allow-hotplug wlan0

iface wlan0 inet manual

wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

iface default inet dhcp

--- cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1	localhost raspberrypi.@@@@@@@@@.de

127.0.1.1	owncloud

--- ip r s | egrep "(eth|wlan)"

default via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0

192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.0.109

192.168.0.0/24 dev wlan0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.0.118

--- ip n s

192.168.0.6 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.3 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.10 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.1 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.113 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.3 dev wlan0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.6 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ STALE

192.168.0.1 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ REACHABLE

192.168.0.113 dev eth0 lladdr @@:@@:@@:@@:@@:@@ REACHABLE

--- lsusb | grep -v "root hub" | grep -i "wire"

Bus 001 Device 006: ID 0846:9030 NetGear, Inc. WNA1100 Wireless-N 150 [Atheros AR9271]

--- iwconfig (eth und wlan)

wlan0     IEEE 802.11bgn  ESSID:"@@@@@@@@"

          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.412 GHz  Access Point: @@:@@:@@:@@:@@

          Link Quality=40/70  Signal level=-70 dBm

          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0

          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:5308   Missed beacon:0

--- /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev

update_config=1

network={

	ssid="@@@@@@@@"

	psk="@@@@@@@@"

	proto=RSN

	key_mgmt=WPA-PSK

	pairwise=CCMP

	auth_alg=OPEN

}

--- grep wpa_action /var/log/messages | tail -n 15

--- RNI016I: Check logile raspiNetInfo.log for sensitive data before publishing

[/code][/spoiler]



```