https://github.com/georgy7/russiannounsjs
Склонение существительных по падежам. Обычно требуются только форма в именительном падеже, одушевлённость и род.
https://github.com/georgy7/russiannounsjs
declension declination inflection inflector no-dependencies pluralization russian russian-language russian-morphology russian-specific zero-dependency
Last synced: 7 months ago
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Склонение существительных по падежам. Обычно требуются только форма в именительном падеже, одушевлённость и род.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/georgy7/russiannounsjs
- Owner: georgy7
- License: mit
- Created: 2016-07-27T19:56:36.000Z (about 9 years ago)
- Default Branch: release
- Last Pushed: 2025-04-04T11:22:03.000Z (7 months ago)
- Last Synced: 2025-04-04T12:26:11.331Z (7 months ago)
- Topics: declension, declination, inflection, inflector, no-dependencies, pluralization, russian, russian-language, russian-morphology, russian-specific, zero-dependency
- Language: JavaScript
- Homepage:
- Size: 17.1 MB
- Stars: 55
- Watchers: 2
- Forks: 5
- Open Issues: 3
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- Changelog: changelog.md
- License: LICENSE.txt
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README
[![npm version][npm-shield]][npm-url]
[![MIT License][license-shield]][license-url]
RussianNounsJS
A JavaScript library that declines nouns.
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·
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## Installation
### Frontend
```html
```
or (without [AMD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asynchronous_module_definition))
```html
```
```js
import 'RussianNouns.js';
```
or (in a Web Worker)
```js
importScripts('RussianNouns.js');
```
### Backend
```
npm i --save russian-nouns-js
```
```js
const RussianNouns = require('russian-nouns-js');
```
For TypeScript, there are
[type definitions](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@types/russian-nouns-js)
[written by Alexander Semin](https://github.com/RusAnonym/DefinitelyTyped/tree/master/types/russian-nouns-js).
## Usage
### The basics
```js
const rne = new RussianNouns.Engine();
// Grammatical gender is a sort of noun class, related primarily to their sound.
// Although mostly native speakers just remember them.
const Gender = RussianNouns.Gender;
const Case = RussianNouns.Case;
rne.decline({text: 'имя', gender: Gender.NEUTER}, Case.GENITIVE);
// ◂ [ "имени" ]
rne.decline({text: 'имя', gender: Gender.NEUTER}, Case.INSTRUMENTAL);
// ◂ [ "именем" ]
// A number of loan words are not declined.
// You should explicitly state this to prevent inflection.
let coat = RussianNouns.createLemma({
text: 'пальто',
gender: Gender.NEUTER,
indeclinable: true
});
rne.decline(coat, Case.GENITIVE);
// ◂ [ "пальто" ]
RussianNouns.getDeclension(coat);
// ◂ -1
// Cases can be specified not only by name, but also by number.
// In the usual order: NOM, GEN, DAT, ACC, INS, PREP.
// And there is also the locative case as the seventh.
// It usually matches the prepositional one.
let mountain = RussianNouns.createLemma({
text: 'гора',
gender: Gender.FEMININE
});
RussianNouns.CASES.map(c => {
return rne.decline(mountain, c);
});
// ◂ [
// ["гора"]
// ["горы"]
// ["горе"]
// ["гору"]
// ["горой", "горою"]
// ["горе"],
// ["горе"]
// ]
// This is how you can get a plural form in the nominative case.
rne.pluralize(mountain);
// ◂ [ "горы" ]
// When you have the plural form in the nominative case, pass it
// as the third argument of the decline function to decline in plural.
RussianNouns.CASES.map(c => {
return rne.decline(mountain, c, 'горы');
});
// ◂ [
// [ 'горы' ]
// [ 'гор' ]
// [ 'горам' ]
// [ 'горы' ]
// [ 'горами' ]
// [ 'горах' ]
// [ 'горах' ]
// ]
// For words that are used only in plural, the original form
// of the word is the plural form in the nominative case.
// You should also explicitly state this.
// The concept of grammatical gender doesn't make sense for such words.
let scissors = RussianNouns.createLemma({
text: 'ножницы',
pluraleTantum: true
});
rne.pluralize(scissors);
// ◂ [ 'ножницы' ]
RussianNouns.CASES.map(c => {
return rne.decline(scissors, c);
});
// ◂ [
// [ 'ножницы' ]
// [ 'ножниц' ]
// [ 'ножницам' ]
// [ 'ножницы' ]
// [ 'ножницами' ]
// [ 'ножницах' ]
// [ 'ножницах' ]
// ]
```
### A complex example
```js
const Gender = RussianNouns.Gender;
const createLemma = RussianNouns.createLemma;
const rne = new RussianNouns.Engine();
function sg(lemma, caseNumber) {
const c = RussianNouns.CASES[caseNumber - 1];
return rne.decline(lemma, c)[0];
}
function pl(lemma, caseNumber) {
const c = RussianNouns.CASES[caseNumber - 1];
const pluralForm = rne.pluralize(lemma)[0];
return rne.decline(lemma, c, pluralForm)[0];
}
function cap(str) {
return str[0].toUpperCase() + str.substring(1);
}
// Николай Степанович Гумилев
// Рассказ девушки (фрагмент)
const ворота = createLemma({text: 'ворота', pluraleTantum: true});
const тень = createLemma({text: 'тень', gender: Gender.FEMININE});
const снег = createLemma({text: 'снег', gender: Gender.MASCULINE});
const милая = createLemma({text: 'милая', gender: Gender.FEMININE});
const старая = createLemma({text: 'старая', gender: Gender.FEMININE});
const ель = createLemma({text: 'ель', gender: Gender.FEMININE});
const неведомая = createLemma({text: 'неведомая', gender: Gender.FEMININE});
const высота = createLemma({text: 'высота', gender: Gender.FEMININE});
console.log(`* * *
Я отдыхала у ${pl(ворота, 2)}
Под ${sg(тень, 5)} ${sg(милая, 2)}, ${sg(старая, 2)} ${sg(ель, 2)},
А надо мною пламенели
${cap(pl(снег, 1))} ${pl(неведомая, 2)} ${pl(высота, 2)}.`);
// * * *
// Я отдыхала у ворот
// Под тенью милой, старой ели,
// А надо мною пламенели
// Снега неведомых высот.
```
## Limitations
This library does not prevent you from misusing the [singularia tantum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plurale_tantum#Singulare_tantum).
## References
- Современный русский язык. Морфология - Камынина А.А., Уч. пос. 1999 - 240 с.
- [Russian grammar (English Wikipedia)](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_grammar)
- [OpenCorpora (Russian text corpus)](http://opencorpora.org/)
- К семантике русского локатива ("второго предложного" падежа) - Плунгян В. А., Семиотика и информатика. - Вып. 37. - М., 2002. - С. 229-254
[npm-shield]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/russian-nouns-js.svg?style=for-the-badge
[npm-url]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/russian-nouns-js
[license-shield]: https://img.shields.io/github/license/georgy7/RussianNounsJS.svg?style=for-the-badge
[license-url]: https://github.com/georgy7/RussianNounsJS/blob/release/LICENSE.txt