https://github.com/gonzalo123/asgi_ws
Creating a standalone WebSocket Server with FastApi and JWT Authentication in Python
https://github.com/gonzalo123/asgi_ws
fastapi jwt python websockets
Last synced: 2 months ago
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Creating a standalone WebSocket Server with FastApi and JWT Authentication in Python
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/gonzalo123/asgi_ws
- Owner: gonzalo123
- Created: 2024-12-18T10:00:31.000Z (over 1 year ago)
- Default Branch: main
- Last Pushed: 2024-12-18T11:05:26.000Z (over 1 year ago)
- Last Synced: 2025-10-16T13:43:57.750Z (9 months ago)
- Topics: fastapi, jwt, python, websockets
- Language: Python
- Homepage:
- Size: 60.5 KB
- Stars: 0
- Watchers: 1
- Forks: 0
- Open Issues: 0
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
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README
## Creating a standalone WebSocket Server with FastApi and JWT Authentication in Python
In this post, I will show you how to create a WebSocket server in Python that uses JWT tokens for authentication. The server is designed to be independent of the main process, making it easy to integrate into existing applications. The client-side JavaScript will handle reconnections incrementally.
The WebSocket server will be created using FastApi, the web framework built on top of Starlette. This is the entrypoint.
```python
import logging
from fastapi import FastAPI
from asgi_ws import setup_app
logging.basicConfig(
format='%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] %(message)s',
level='INFO',
datefmt='%d/%m/%Y %X')
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
SECRET_KEY = "your_secret_key"
app = FastAPI()
app = setup_app(
app=app,
base_path='/ws',
jwt_secret_key=SECRET_KEY,
)
```
The `setup_app` function is defined in the `lib.websockets` module. This function will set up the WebSocket server and the necessary routes.
```python
def setup_app(app, jwt_secret_key: str, base_path='/ws', jwt_algorithm: str = "HS256"):
ws_router = get_ws_router(
jwt_secret_key=jwt_secret_key,
jwt_algorithm=jwt_algorithm,
base_path=base_path
)
current_dir = Path(__file__).parent
static_dir = current_dir / "static/js"
app.mount("/js", StaticFiles(directory=static_dir), name="js")
app.include_router(ws_router)
return app
```
The `get_ws_router` function is defined in the same module. This function will create the WebSocket router and the necessary routes.
```python
def get_ws_router(jwt_secret_key: str, base_path='ws', jwt_algorithm: str = "HS256"):
ws_router = APIRouter()
current_dir = Path(__file__).parent
static_dir = current_dir / "static/js"
ws_router.mount(f"{base_path}/js", StaticFiles(directory=static_dir), name="js")
manager = ConnectionManager(jwt_secret_key=jwt_secret_key, jwt_algorithm=jwt_algorithm)
@ws_router.post(f"{base_path}/emmit")
async def emmit_endpoint(request: Request):
payload = await request.json()
await manager.broadcast(payload["channel"], payload["payload"])
return True
@ws_router.websocket(f"{base_path}/")
async def websocket_endpoint(websocket: WebSocket):
token = websocket.query_params.get("token")
if not token:
await websocket.close(code=1008)
raise HTTPException(status_code=401, detail="Token required")
await manager.connect(websocket, token)
try:
while True:
message: Message = await websocket.receive()
if message["type"] == "websocket.disconnect":
manager.disconnect(websocket)
break
except WebSocketDisconnect:
manager.disconnect(websocket)
return ws_router
```
Websockets are bidirectional communication channels that allow real-time data transfer between clients and servers, but I prefer to avoid the communication from the client to the server. When a client wants to send a message to the server, it will send an HTTP POST request to the `/emit` endpoint (via the main process). The server will then broadcast the message to all connected clients. The client will only receive messages from the server. Because of that we need a main wsgi process using FastApi or another web framework to handle the HTTP requests.
This an example with FastApi:
```html
Chat
WebSocket Chat
Send
async function sendMessage() {
const channel = 'chat';
const url = `/emit/${channel}`;
const input = document.getElementById("messageText");
const message = input.value;
input.value = '';
const body = JSON.stringify({channel: 'chat1', payload: message});
const headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'};
try {
const response = await fetch(url, {method: 'POST', headers: headers, body: body});
} catch (error) {
console.error('Error:', error);
}
}
(async function () {
const getToken = async () => {
const response = await fetch('/token');
const {token} = await response.json();
return token;
};
const messageCallback = (event) => {
const messages = document.getElementById('messages');
const message = document.createElement('li');
message.textContent = event.data;
messages.appendChild(message);
};
const wsManager = new WebSocketManager('ws://localhost:8000/ws/', getToken, messageCallback);
await wsManager.connect();
})();
```