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https://github.com/hoellen/docker-nextcloud

All-in-one Nextcloud Docker image. Alpine-based, rootless and simple.
https://github.com/hoellen/docker-nextcloud

alpine docker nextcloud

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All-in-one Nextcloud Docker image. Alpine-based, rootless and simple.

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# hoellen/nextcloud

*The self-hosted productivity platform that keeps you in control.*



Nextcloud [official website](https://nextcloud.com/) and [source code](https://github.com/nextcloud).



## About

This non-official image is intended as an **all-in-one** (as in monolithic) Nextcloud **production** image. If you're not sure you want this image, you should probably use [the official image](https://hub.docker.com/r/nextcloud). The main goal is to provide an easy-to-use image with decent security standards. This repository is mainly based on [Wondefall/docker-nextcloud](https://github.com/Wonderfall/docker-nextcloud). 



Check out Nextcloud [official website](https://nextcloud.com/) and [source code](https://github.com/nextcloud).



___



* [Features](#features)

* [Security](#security)

* [Tags](#tags)

* [Build-time variables](#build-time-variables)

* [Environment variables](#environment-variables)

  * [Runtime](#runtime)

  * [Startup](#startup)

* [Volumes](#volumes)

* [Ports](#ports)

* [Migration](#migration)

* [Usage](#usage)



## Features



- Based on [Alpine Linux](https://alpinelinux.org/).

- Fetching PHP/nginx from their official images.

- **Rootless**: no privilege at any time, even at startup.

- Uses [s6](https://skarnet.org/software/s6/) as a lightweight process supervisor.

- Supports MySQL/MariaDB, PostgresQL and SQLite3 database backends.

- Includes OPcache and APCu for improved caching & performance, also supports redis.

- Tarball integrity & authenticity checked during build process.

- Includes **hardened_malloc**, [a hardened memory allocator](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc).

- Includes **Snuffleupagus**, [a PHP security module](https://github.com/jvoisin/snuffleupagus).

- Includes a simple **built-in cron** system.

- Much easier to maintain thanks to multi-stages build.

- Does not include imagick, samba, etc. by default.



You're free to make your own image based on this one if you want a specific feature. Uncommon features won't be included as they can increase attack surface: this image intends to stay **minimal**, but **functional enough** to cover basic needs.



## Security



Don't run random images from random dudes on the Internet. Ideally, you want to maintain and build it yourself.



- **Images are scanned every day** by [Trivy](https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy) for OS vulnerabilities. Known vulnerabilities will be automatically uploaded to [GitHub Security Lab](https://github.com/Wonderfall/docker-nextcloud/security/code-scanning) for full transparency. This also warns me if I have to take action to fix a vulnerability. 

- **Latest tag/version is automatically built weekly**, so you should often update your images regardless if you're already using the latest Nextcloud version.

- **Build production images without cache** (use `docker build --no-cache` for instance) if you want to build your images manually. Latest dependencies will hence be used instead of outdated ones due to a cached layer.

- **A security module for PHP called [Snuffleupagus](https://github.com/jvoisin/snuffleupagus) is used by default**. This module aims at killing entire bug and security exploit classes (including weak PRNG, file-upload based code execution), thus raising the cost of attacks. For now we're using a configuration file derived from [the default one](https://github.com/jvoisin/snuffleupagus/blob/master/config/default_php8.rules), with some explicit exceptions related to Nextcloud. This configuration file is tested and shouldn't break basic functionality, but it can cause issues in specific and untested use cases: if that happens to you, get logs from either `syslog` or `/nginx/logs/error.log` inside the container, and [open an issue](https://github.com/hoellen/docker-nextcloud/issues). You can also disable the security module altogether by changing the `PHP_HARDENING` environment variable to `false` before recreating the container.

- **Images are signed with the GitHub-provided OIDC token in Actions** using the experimental "keyless" signing feature provided by [cosign](https://github.com/sigstore/cosign). You can verify the image signature using `cosign` as well:



```

COSIGN_EXPERIMENTAL=true cosign verify ghcr.io/hoellen/nextcloud

```



Verifying the signature isn't a requirement, and might not be as seamless as using *Docker Content Trust* (which is not supported by GitHub's OCI registry). However, it's strongly recommended to do so in a sensitive environment to ensure the authenticity of the images and further limit the risk of supply chain attacks.



## Tags



- `latest` : latest Nextcloud version

- `x` : latest Nextcloud x.x (e.g. `29`)

- `x.x.x` : Nextcloud x.x.x (e.g. `29.0.0`)



You can always have a glance [here](https://github.com/users/hoellen/packages/container/package/nextcloud).

Only the **latest stable version** will be maintained by myself.



*Note: automated builds only target `linux/amd64` (x86_64). There is no technical reason preventing the image to be built for `arm64` (in fact you can build it yourself), but GitHub Actions runners are limited in memory, and this limit makes it currently impossible to target both platforms.*



## Build-time variables



|          Variable           |               Description              |       Default      |

| --------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ------------------ |

| **NEXTCLOUD_VERSION**       | version of Nextcloud                   |          *         |

| **ALPINE_VERSION**          | version of Alpine Linux                |          *         |

| **PHP_VERSION**             | version of PHP                         |          *         |

| **NGINX_VERSION**           | version of nginx                       |          *         |

| **HARDENED_MALLOC_VERSION** | version of hardened_malloc             |          *         |

| **SNUFFLEUPAGUS_VERSION**   | version of Snuffleupagus (php ext)     |          *         |

| **SHA256_SUM**              | checksum of Nextcloud tarball (sha256) |           *        |

| **GPG_FINGERPRINT**         | fingerprint of Nextcloud GPG key       |           *        |

| **UID**                     | user id                                |        1000        |

| **GID**                     | group id                               |        1000        |

| **CONFIG_NATIVE**           | native code for hardened_malloc        |        false       |

| **VARIANT**                 | variant of hardened_malloc (see repo)  |        light       |



*\* latest known available, likely to change regularly*



For convenience they were put at [the very top of the Dockerfile](https://github.com/Wonderfall/docker-nextcloud/blob/main/Dockerfile#L1-L13) and their usage should be quite explicit if you intend to build this image yourself. If you intend to change `NEXTCLOUD_VERSION`, change `SHA256_SUM` accordingly.



## Environment variables



### Runtime



|          Variable         |         Description         |       Default      |

| ------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------------------ |

|     **UPLOAD_MAX_SIZE**   | file upload maximum size    |         10G        |

|      **APC_SHM_SIZE**     | apc shared memory size      |         128M       |

|    **OPCACHE_MEM_SIZE**   | opcache available memory    |         128M       |

|      **MEMORY_LIMIT**     | max php command mem usage   |         512M       |

|       **CRON_PERIOD**     | cron time interval (min.)   |         5m         |

|   **CRON_MEMORY_LIMIT**   | cron max memory usage       |         1G         |

|         **DB_TYPE**       | sqlite3, mysql, pgsql       |       sqlite3      |

|         **DOMAIN**        | host domain                 |      localhost     |

|      **PHP_HARDENING**    | enables snuffleupagus       |        true        |



Leave them at default if you're not sure what you're doing.



### Startup



|          Variable         |         Description         | 

| ------------------------- | --------------------------- |

|        **ADMIN_USER**     | admin username              |

|      **ADMIN_PASSWORD**   | admin password              |

|         **DB_TYPE**       | sqlite3, mysql, pgsql       |

|         **DB_NAME**       | name of the database        |

|         **DB_USER**       | name of the database user   |

|       **DB_PASSWORD**     | password of the db user     |

|         **DB_HOST**       | database host               |



`ADMIN_USER` and `ADMIN_PASSWORD` are optional and mainly for niche purposes. Obviously, avoid clear text passwords. Once `setup.sh` has run for the first time, these variables can be removed. You should then edit `/nextcloud/config/config.php` directly if you want to change something in your configuration.



The usage of [Docker secrets](https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/secrets/) will be considered in the future, but `config.php` already covers quite a lot.



## Volumes



|          Variable            |         Description        |

| -------------------------    | -------------------------- |

| **/data**                    |         data files         |

| **/nextcloud/config**        |        config files        |

| **/nextcloud/apps2**         |       3rd-party apps       |

| **/nextcloud/themes**        |        custom themes       |

| **/php/session**             |      PHP session files     |



*Note: mounting `/php/session` isn't required but could be desirable in some circumstances.*



## Ports



|              Port            |            Use             |

| -------------------------    | -------------------------- |

| **8888** (tcp)               |       Nextcloud web        |



A reverse proxy like [Traefik](https://doc.traefik.io/traefik/) or [Caddy](https://caddyserver.com/) can be used, and you should consider:

- Redirecting all HTTP traffic to HTTPS

- Setting the [HSTS header](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Strict-Transport-Security) correctly



## Migration



From now on you'll need to make sure all volumes have proper permissions. The default UID/GID is now 1000, so you'll need to build the image yourself if you want to change that, or you can just change the actual permissions of the volumes using `chown -R 1000:1000`. The flexibility provided by the legacy image came at some cost (performance & security), therefore this feature won't be provided anymore.



Other changes that should be reflected in your configuration files:

- `/config` volume is now `/nextcloud/config`

- `/apps2` volume is now `/nextcloud/apps2`

- `ghcr.io/hoellen/nextcloud` is the new image location



You should edit your `docker-compose.yml` and `config.php` accordingly.



## Usage



*To do.*