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https://github.com/jcleng/nixos-configuration
nixos 自用配置
https://github.com/jcleng/nixos-configuration
Last synced: about 10 hours ago
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nixos 自用配置
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/jcleng/nixos-configuration
- Owner: jcleng
- Created: 2019-04-27T10:22:10.000Z (over 5 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2023-08-05T04:47:54.000Z (over 1 year ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-08-02T13:27:32.649Z (3 months ago)
- Language: Nix
- Homepage: https://nixos.org/
- Size: 130 KB
- Stars: 30
- Watchers: 3
- Forks: 1
- Open Issues: 0
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
Awesome Lists containing this project
README
# 更新了 NixOS 23.05
```
┌💁 jcleng @ 💻 nixos in 📁 ~
└❯ neofetch
▗▄▄▄ ▗▄▄▄▄ ▄▄▄▖ jcleng@nixos
▜███▙ ▜███▙ ▟███▛ ------------
▜███▙ ▜███▙▟███▛ OS: NixOS 23.05.2143.fa793b06f56 (Stoat) x86_64
▜███▙ ▜██████▛ Host: LENOVO LNVNB161216
▟█████████████████▙ ▜████▛ ▟▙ Kernel: 6.4.3
▟███████████████████▙ ▜███▙ ▟██▙ Uptime: 1 hour, 12 mins
▄▄▄▄▖ ▜███▙ ▟███▛ Packages: 1096 (nix-system), 566 (nix-user), 47 (flatpak)
▟███▛ ▜██▛ ▟███▛ Shell: bash 5.2.15
▟███▛ ▜▛ ▟███▛ Resolution: 2880x1800
▟███████████▛ ▟██████████▙ DE: Plasma
▜██████████▛ ▟███████████▛ WM: KWin
▟███▛ ▟▙ ▟███▛ Icons: breeze [GTK2/3]
▟███▛ ▟██▙ ▟███▛ Terminal: .konsole-wrappe
▟███▛ ▜███▙ ▝▀▀▀▀ CPU: 12th Gen Intel i5-12500H (16) @ 4.500GHz
▜██▛ ▜███▙ ▜██████████████████▛ GPU: Intel Alder Lake-P
▜▛ ▟████▙ ▜████████████████▛ Memory: 4357MiB / 15728MiB
▟██████▙ ▜███▙
▟███▛▜███▙ ▜███▙
▟███▛ ▜███▙ ▜███▙
▝▀▀▀ ▀▀▀▀▘ ▀▀▀▘
# nixos-install 的substituters没有了, 安装的时候换源需要写到用户配置目录
```
## 启动镜像进入图形化界面
> 烧写图形版nixos-graphical镜像到U盘
> 在linux里面
```shell
sudo dd if=nix.iso of=/dev/sdc bs=4M conv=fsync
```
* 默认的启动项进不去就可以试一试第二个选项(nomodeset)
* 启动进入命令行,默认是root用户
* 用户名`root`密码为空
* `Alt+F8`或者输入`nixos-help`显示自带手册文档,`Ctrl-z`退出
## 网络
* 网络必须要配置通,默认打开kde桌面环境是已经自动连接网络了的,安装过程需要下载文件,查看状态`ip a`,手动配置网络`ifconfig`来配置,这里不做多介绍
* 要在图形安装程序上手动配置网络，请首先使用`systemctl stop network manager`禁用网络管理器
* 如需使用ssh,开启ssh守护进程`systemctl start sshd`
* 没有图形化界面连接wifi,查看网卡名`ip a`,连接`wpa_supplicant -B -i 网卡名 -c <(wpa_passphrase 'wifi名' 'wifi密码')`
## 分区安装盘,换了个1tb的固态,全部使用ext4(由lvm和btrfs切换回来)
```shell
# 查看挂载的磁盘
lsblk
# parted请谨慎操作,会格式化磁盘
# 转换硬盘gpt格式
parted /dev/nvme0n1 -- mklabel gpt
# 查看是否是gpt,查看Disklabel type类型
fdisk -l
# 只要两个分区EFI和/主分区即可安装,其实就是运行parted /dev/nvme0n1命令,然后按照提示进行一步一步操作即可; 分区名称,分区类型,起点,终点
parted /dev/nvme0n1 -- mkpart uefi_esp fat32 1MiB 512MiB
parted /dev/nvme0n1 -- mkpart primary_ext ext4 512MiB -1MiB
# 查看分区情况
lsblk -a
# 设置启动分区, 先查看EFI编号(Number),再执行,应该就是1
parted -l
parted /dev/nvme0n1 -- set 编号 boot on
# 查看分区信息,能看到efi分区的Flags是[boot, esp]
parted -l
# 开始格式化分区
# efi分区格式化为fat32
mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/nvme0n1p1
# 主分区全部格式化为ext4
mkfs.ext4 -L nixos /dev/nvme0n1p2
# 查看结果,File列里面
parted -l
# uefi类型挂载
mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
mkdir -p /mnt/boot
mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot
# 转移原来的sda1分区所有/下文件
mkdir -p /old/mnt
mount /dev/sda1 /old/mnt
cp -aR /old/mnt /
# 注意重新修改挂载点
vi /mnt/etc/nixos/hardware-configuration.nix
```
## 虚拟机安装,通常不是uefi启动
```shell
# 查看挂载的磁盘
lsblk
# parted请谨慎操作,会格式化磁盘
# 转换硬盘msdos格式
parted /dev/sdb
mklabel msdos
q
# 查看是否是gpt,查看Disklabel type类型
fdisk -l
# 只要一个主分区
parted /dev/sdb
mkpart primary
ext4
1MiB
-1MiB
q
# 查看分区情况
lsblk -a
# 开始格式化分区
mkfs.ext4 -L nixos /dev/sdb1
# 查看结果,File列里面
parted -l
# 挂载
mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt
# 查看
lsblk
# 配置文件修改引导盘: /mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix
boot.loader.grub.device = "/dev/sdb"; # or "nodev" for efi only
```
* 配置文件生成
```shell
nixos-generate-config --root /mnt/
```
* 常规修改配置
```shell
nano /mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix
```
* 安装
```shell
nixos-install --root /mnt
```
* chroot进系统改普通用户密码
```shell
nix-enter --root /mnt
```
## 配置说明 configuration.nix
> 位置:安装之前`/mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix`,安装之后`/etc/nixos/configuration.nix`
> [官方配置详解](https://nixos.org/nixos/manual/options.html)
> 查看当前启动系统引导类型
```shell
# 存在就是UEFI,不存在就是BIOS
ls /sys/firmware/efi
```
> 配置之后请`nixos-rebuild switch`默认设为默认选项,`nixos-rebuild test`不设为默认选项,重载配置,每一次配置之后就会生成一个grub引导,方便回滚
> 基础配置
```config
{ config, pkgs, ... }: {
imports = [
# 使用默认的硬件配置
./hardware-configuration.nix
];
boot.loader.grub.device = "/dev/sda"; # (for BIOS systems only,硬盘位置)
boot.loader.systemd-boot.enable = true; # (for UEFI systems only)
boot.loader.grub.efiSupport = true; # grub是否支持efi
# Enable the OpenSSH server.
services.sshd.enable = true;
}
```
> 常用配置
```
# 有其他系统如win10,自动添加到grub
boot.loader.grub.useOSProber = true;
# 配置wifi,networkmanager二选一, 推荐networkmanager
# networking.wireless.enable = true; # Enables wireless support via wpa_supplicant.
## 运行命令生成wifi密钥配置，psk2的才支持自动生成: wpa_passphrase wanlaimeng wanlaimeng168 > /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
## 如果是在cli连接wifi,自动生成密码之后, restart服务 systemctl restart wpa_supplicant.service
# 有线网络管理,不同时使用networking.wireless,这个右下角会显示
networking.networkmanager.enable = true;
# 配置代理服务器
# curl -o csnet https://csnet.aite.xyz/files/csnet_client/csnet_client_linux_amd64
# chmod 777 ./csnet
# networking.proxy.default = "http://127.0.0.1:54321/";
networking.proxy.default = "http://user:password@proxy:port/";
networking.proxy.noProxy = "127.0.0.1,localhost";
# 普通用户配置
# 用户名:jcleng
# 密码:123456
# 用户使用nix配置,useradd等操作会在重启时失效
users.mutableUsers = true;
users.users.jcleng = {
isNormalUser = true;
home = "/home/jcleng";
description = "jcleng"; # 用户全名
extraGroups = [ "wheel" "networkmanager" ]; # root组和网络组
# openssh.authorizedKeys.keys = [ "ssh-dss AAAAB3Nza... alice@foobar" ];
};
# 在命令行设置密码
# passwd jcleng
# 或者，配置密码
users.users.jcleng.password = "123456";
# 主机名称
networking.hostName = "jcleng";
# 开启声音，这个右下角会显示
sound.enable = true;
hardware.pulseaudio.enable = true;
# 支持图形化请开启xserver服务
services.xserver.enable = true;
services.xserver.layout = "us";
# 开启xserver服务之后才能使桌面环境,镜像里面带有plasma5(安装的时候直接从local获取不下载,快一点),那就开启第一个plasma5,其他的自行安装
services.xserver.desktopManager.plasma5.enable = true;
# services.xserver.desktopManager.xfce.enable = true;
# services.xserver.desktopManager.gnome3.enable = true;
# services.xserver.desktopManager.mate.enable = true;
# services.xserver.windowManager.xmonad.enable = true;
# services.xserver.windowManager.twm.enable = true;
# services.xserver.windowManager.icewm.enable = true;
# services.xserver.windowManager.i3.enable = true;
# 登录管理器,推荐使用第一个
services.xserver.displayManager.sddm.enable = true;
# services.xserver.displayManager.slim.enable = true;
# NVIDIA 显卡驱动
services.xserver.videoDrivers = [ "nvidia" ];
# 触摸板
services.xserver.libinput.enable = true;
# 地区配置
i18n.supportedLocales = [ "zh_CN.UTF-8/UTF-8" "en_US.UTF-8/UTF-8" ];
i18n.defaultLocale = "zh_CN.UTF-8";
# 如果是 21.05版本+ 是 i18n.console = { KeyMap = "us" }
i18n.consoleKeyMap = "us";
# Fcitx输入法
i18n.inputMethod = {
enabled = "fcitx";
};
# fcitx拼音包
i18n.inputMethod.fcitx.engines = with pkgs.fcitx-engines; [ cloudpinyin libpinyin rime ];
# 时区配置
time.timeZone = "Asia/Shanghai";
# 字体配置
fonts = {
fontconfig.enable = true;
enableFontDir = true;
enableGhostscriptFonts = true;
fonts = with pkgs; [
noto-fonts
noto-fonts-cjk
noto-fonts-emoji
wqy_microhei
wqy_zenhei
];
};
# 安装软件,默认安装时没有浏览器/网络管理器等的
environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
wget
vim
firefox
git
fcitx
fcitx-configtool
];
# 修改配置之后必须
nixos-rebuild switch
### 安装21.05版本出现 /nix/store/...: No such file or directory issues: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/126141
# 这样处理: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/126141#issuecomment-877883570
sudo nix-build '' -A config.system.build.toplevel -I nixos-config=/mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix
sudo nixos-install
```
## 安装软件
> [在线包查看](https://nixos.org/nixos/packages.html)
> su命令行使用
```
# 搜索(-u生成缓存，搜索更快)
nix search -u
nix search wget
nix-env -aqP | grep vscode
# 安装vscode
# 先开启allowUnfree
nixpkgs.config = {
# 开启Unfree
allowUnfree = true;
# 支持损坏的包
allowBroken = true;
};
# 开启之后还要对单独的用户进行配置
nano ~/.config/nixpkgs/config.nix
{
allowUnfree = true;
allowBroken = true;
}
# 重新加载配置(重启)
nixos-rebuild switch
# 安装
nix-env -i vscode
# 安装软件(proxychains4是一个命令行使用代理的软甲,需要先安装)
nix-env -i nodejs
# proxychains4 nix-env -i nodejs
# 清除packages命令
nix-collect-garbage
# 查看已安装的包
nix-env -qaP '*' --description
# 整个系统回滚
nixos-rebuild switch --rollback
```
## 升级
```
# 查看升级通道
nix-channel --list
# 添加
nix-channel --add https://nixos.org/channels/nixos-19.03 nixos
# 升级到最新
nixos-rebuild switch --upgrade
# 很多时候下载会出现断开 --keep-going
nix-env -i nodejs linux php openjdk --keep-going
```
### 搭建环境等
```shell
# 命令路径在`which php`(/home/jcleng/.nix-profile/bin/php)
# /home/jcleng/.nix-profile/lib/openjdk
nix-env -i openjdk neofetch php google-chrome gedit tilix tmux
```
> 感受
```
# 确实带有nix-pkg包管理工具的发行版确实可以是一个好的发行版，但是对于想要编译安装的软件往往达不到理想的要求，太繁琐，门槛太高，何不在其他发行版安装nixpkg包管理工具呢
```
### 最近更新了清华源[清华 Nix 镜像使用帮助](https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/nix/)
```shell
# 我在ubuntu安装了nix包管理工具,国内源网络已经很快了
# 国内源帮助: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/nix/
# ustc源 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/nix-channels/store
nix-channel --add https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/nix-channels/nixpkgs-unstable nixpkgs
nix-channel --add https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/nix-channels/nixos-21.05/ nixos
# nix-channel --add https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/nix-channels/nixpkgs-21.05-darwin/ darwin
# 单独安装的 Nix ,可执行目录
~/.nix-profile/bin
# 配置
cat ~/.bash_profile
export PATH="$PATH:/home/leng/.nix-profile/bin"
# 缓存源地址修改
cat ~/.config/nix/nix.conf
substituters = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/nix-channels/store
cat ~/.config/nixpkgs/config.nix
{
allowUnfree = true;
allowBroken = true;
allowUnsupportedSystem = true;
allowInsecurePredicate = (pkg: true);
allowUnfreePredicate = (pkg: false);
#packageOverrides = pkgs: {
# nur = import (builtins.fetchTarball "https://github.com/nix-community/NUR/archive/master.tar.gz") {
# inherit pkgs;
# };
#};
}
# 更新一下
nix-channel --update
# 如果提示 SSL peer certificate or SSH remote key was not OK (60)
# 配置NIX_SSL_CERT_FILE环境变量值为/etc/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt 参考: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/70939
echo $NIX_SSL_CERT_FILE
/etc/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt
# 确保在 nix show-config 命令结果中的substituters中,只有tsinghua源
...省略
substitute = true
substituters = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/nix-channels/store
...省略
# 测试安装(可明确看到 from 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/' 即换源成功)
nix-env -i hello
# 安装完成即可执行
hello
# Hello, world!
# 搜索软件
nix-env -qa 'hello'
nix-env -qa 'neofetch'
# 安装
nix-env -i neofetch
```
- 更加详细的搜索&&安装
```shell
# 更加详细的搜索数据,(之前的搜索不能搜索到php73)参考博客 https://www.domenkozar.com/2014/01/02/getting-started-with-nix-package-manager/
nix-env -qaP | grep php
# 结果
...
nixpkgs.php73 php-with-extensions-7.3.25
nixpkgs.php php-with-extensions-7.4.13
nixpkgs.php80 php-with-extensions-8.0.0
nixpkgs.php73Extensions.xdebug php-xdebug-3.0.1
nixpkgs.php74Extensions.xdebug php-xdebug-3.0.1
nixpkgs.php80Extensions.xdebug
...
# 安装php8(使用第二列的id名称)
nix-env -i php-with-extensions-8.0.0
# 其他
# 配置NIX_PATH变量环境 配置之后才能nix search命令
export NIX_PATH=/home/leng/.nix-defexpr/channels
echo $NIX_PATH
# 安装search的包
# * nixpkgs.xorg.xf86inputlibinput (xf86-input-libinput)
nix-env -iA nixpkgs.xorg.xf86inputlibinput
```
#### 在macos上配置安装nix包管理工具
```shell
# 下载
aria2c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/nix/nix-2.3.9/nix-2.3.9-x86_64-darwin.tar.xz
# 安装
./install --darwin-use-unencrypted-nix-store-volume
# 输入用户密码
# 安装完成提示
modifying /Users/jcleng/.bash_profile...
modifying /Users/jcleng/.zshrc...
Installation finished! To ensure that the necessary environment
variables are set, either log in again, or type
. /Users/jcleng/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh
in your shell.
# 重新登录或者执行
sh /Users/jcleng/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh
# 执行仍nix命令无效,请往下看,我这边是fish,这里nix默认只写入了.bash_profile和.zshrc,那么手动写入进fish,查看 nix.sh 里面的变量环境
cat /Users/jcleng/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh
# 有那些
# NIX_LINK=$HOME/.nix-profile 基本路径
export NIX_PATH=${NIX_PATH:+$NIX_PATH:}$HOME/.nix-defexpr/channels
export NIX_PROFILES="/nix/var/nix/profiles/default $HOME/.nix-profile"
export NIX_SSL_CERT_FILE=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
export NIX_SSL_CERT_FILE=/etc/ssl/ca-bundle.pem
export NIX_SSL_CERT_FILE="$NIX_LINK/etc/ca-bundle.crt"
export MANPATH="$NIX_LINK/share/man:$MANPATH"
export PATH="$NIX_LINK/bin:$PATH"
# 编辑fish配置文件
vim /Users/jcleng/.config/fish/conf.d/omf.fish
# 对应新增
set -x NIX_PATH /Users/jcleng/.nix-defexpr/channels
set -x NIX_PROFILES /nix/var/nix/profiles/default /Users/jcleng/.nix-profile
# 如果本机没有的话,就使用自带的
set -x NIX_SSL_CERT_FILE /Users/jcleng/.nix-profile/etc/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt
set -x MANPATH /Users/jcleng/.nix-profile/share/man $MANPATH
# 最重要的可执行命令路径
set -x PATH /Users/jcleng/.nix-profile/bin $PATH
# 我之前已经有 PATH 了,那么直接追加一个
set -x PATH /Users/jcleng/.nix-profile/bin /Users/jcleng/Downloads/flutter/bin /usr/local/axe/bin $PATH
# 配置保存,然后fish重新打开, 再执行nix命令即可
nix
# 创建一个php71环境
nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/leng/dev-php71 -i nix git
# 切换当前环境
nix-env --switch-profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/leng/dev-php71
# 默认环境(重启shell生效)
nix-env --switch-profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/leng/profile
```
- 版本共存和回滚
```shell
# 多个版本共存
## 先设置之前的为 active false, 否则提示(i.e., can’t have two active at the same time), 切换的话需执行这里2条命令即可
nix-env --set-flag active false php-with-extensions-7.3.25
nix-env --set-flag active true php-with-extensions-8.0.0
# 切换,最好 false 在前
nix-env --set-flag active false php-with-extensions-8.0.0
nix-env --set-flag active true php-with-extensions-7.3.25
# nur切换
ls -l /home/jcleng/.nix-profile/bin/php
# lrwxrwxrwx 1 jcleng jcleng 62 Jan 1 1970 /home/jcleng/.nix-profile/bin/php -> /nix/store/499zg22sagzbbg27z5hlb466qpj88va6-php-7.1.33/bin/php*
nix-env --set-flag active false php-7.1.33
nix-env --set-flag active true php-7.1.33
## 然后再安装不同的版本
nix-env --preserve-installed -i php-with-extensions-8.0.0
# 查看记录
nix-env --list-generations
# 删除记录
nix-env --delete-generations 3 4 8
# 删除记录, 只保留5个
nix-env --delete-generations +5
# 删除30d前记录
nix-env --delete-generations 30d
# 删除所有 只保留current
nix-env --delete-generations old
# 回滚指定记录
nix-env {--switch-generation | -G} {generation}
# 回滚上一条记录
nix-env --rollback
```
- [镜像下载大文件频繁出错/断流](https://github.com/tuna/issues/issues/797#issuecomment-742458245)
```shell
# 可以换一个地址
# 切换镜像地址
nix-channel --add https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/nix-channels/nixpkgs-unstable nixpkgs
# 编辑源
cat ~/.config/nix/nix.conf
# substituters = https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/nix-channels/store
# 更新
nix-channel --update
```
- 配置nix包镜像代理
```shell
# 代理机器安装nix-serve,运行:
nix-serve -p 8080
```
```shell
# 客户端编辑配置文件binary-caches设置为代理服务器的地址
cat ~/.config/nix/nix.conf
# substituters注释掉,修改为binary-caches
# substituters = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/nix-channels/store
binary-caches = http://192.168.1.91:8080/
require-sigs = false
# 保存之后执行
# substituters配置已经是代理服务器的地址
nix show-config
nix-channel --update
```
- nur使用
```shell
# 格式化.nix文件插件`jnoortheen.nix-ide` `bbenoist.nix`(vscode)
# .nix文件换行符号用lf
nix-env -iA nixpkgs.nixpkgs-fmt
# 前提安装proxychains4来走proxy
nix-env -iA nixpkgs.proxychains
# 配置 /etc/proxychains4.conf
socks5 127.0.0.1 54321
# 测试
proxychains4 curl google.com
# 别名 vim ~/.config/fish/config.fish
alias nix-env='proxychains4 nix-env'
alias nix='proxychains4 nix'
alias nix-channel='proxychains4 nix-channel'
# 使用NUR
https://github.com/nix-community/NUR
cat ~/.config/nixpkgs/config.nix
{
packageOverrides = pkgs: {
nur = import (builtins.fetchTarball "https://github.com/nix-community/NUR/archive/master.tar.gz") {
inherit pkgs;
};
};
}
# 测试安装nur.repos.mic92.hello-nur
nix-env -f '' -iA nur.repos.mic92.hello-nur
# nur包列表
https://nur.nix-community.org/repos/izorkin/
# 搜索
http://nur.nix-community.org/repos/
## 配置~/.config/nixpkgs/config.nix文件之后使用 -f '' 搜索
nix search php71 -f '' -u
# php相关
http://nur.nix-community.org/repos/izorkin/
# 安装php71
nix-env -f '' -iA nur.repos.izorkin.php71
# 环境
nix-shell -p nur.repos.izorkin.php73
# 注意在wsl上可能会遇到安装无法使用busybox的情况,导致busybox的命令都无法使用 https://github.com/nix-community/NUR/issues/319
# nur或者直接添加仓库的channel
nix-channel --add https://github.com/nix-community/NUR/archive/master.tar.gz nur
# 有的aur包已经提供了cachix,使用cachix use添加缓存仓库
nix-env -iA nixpkgs.cachix
# https://github.com/Izorkin/nur-packages
cachix use izorkin
# https://github.com/fossar/nix-phps
cachix use fossar
# nix-community
cachix use nix-community
# 使用cachix use命令之后,会提示已经修改了~/.config/nix/nix.conf配置文件, https://cache.nixos.org 这个可以修改为国内源(删除)
cat ~/.config/nix/nix.conf
substituters = https://cache.nixos.org https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/nix-channels/store https://izorkin.cachix.org https://nix-community.cachix.org
trusted-public-keys = cache.nixos.org-1:6NCHdD59X431o0gWypbMrAURkbJ16ZPMQFGspcDShjY= fossar.cachix.org-1:Zv6FuqIboeHPWQS7ysLCJ7UT7xExb4OE8c4LyGb5AsE= izorkin.cachix.org-1:hwG3g4ZCbuC1eOZjGtQ/ESxwBxigCHs205Kz1iuMiJA= nix-community.cachix.org-1:mB9FSh9qf2dCimDSUo8Zy7bkq5CX+/rkCWyvRCYg3Fs=
nix-env -f '' -iA nur.repos.mic92.hello-nur 会直接看到:
nix-env -f '' -iA nur.repos.mic92.hello-nur...
...
nix-env -f '' -iA nur.repos.izorkin.php71 会直接看到:
...
copying path '/nix/store/k7yvdrvf0vzl27gmfqvi2ya3r2qgbz20-php-7.1.33-debug' from 'https://izorkin.cachix.org'...
...
```
- 引导配置,原文
```nix
# Use the GRUB 2 boot loader.
boot.loader.grub.enable = true;
boot.loader.grub.version = 2;
# boot.loader.grub.efiSupport = true;
# boot.loader.grub.efiInstallAsRemovable = true;
# boot.loader.efi.efiSysMountPoint = "/boot/efi";
# Define on which hard drive you want to install Grub.
# 传统模式(比如服务器上),efi设置nodev
boot.loader.grub.device = "/dev/vda"; # or "nodev" for efi only
```
### `cache.nixos.org`缓存非常慢,或者老是出错,自建http服务代理一下
```
# 参考文章
FAQ/Private Cache Proxy
https://nixos.wiki/wiki/FAQ/Private_Cache_Proxy
How to make a local NixOS cache server
https://dataswamp.org/~solene/2022-06-02-nixos-local-cache.html
```
- `cache.jcleng.net`替换为域名
```nix
services.nginx = {
enable = true;
appendHttpConfig = ''
proxy_cache_path /tmp/pkgcache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cachecache:100m max_size=20g inactive=365d use_temp_path=off;
# Cache only success status codes; in particular we don't want to cache 404s.
# See https://serverfault.com/a/690258/128321
map $status $cache_header {
200 "public";
302 "public";
default "no-cache";
}
access_log /tmp/nginx_access.log;
'';
virtualHosts."cache.jcleng.net" = {
locations."/" = {
root = "/var/public-nix-cache";
extraConfig = ''
expires max;
add_header Cache-Control $cache_header always;
# Ask the upstream server if a file isn't available locally
error_page 404 = @fallback;
'';
};
extraConfig = ''
# Using a variable for the upstream endpoint to ensure that it is
# resolved at runtime as opposed to once when the config file is loaded
# and then cached forever (we don't want that):
# see https://tenzer.dk/nginx-with-dynamic-upstreams/
# This fixes errors like
# nginx: [emerg] host not found in upstream "upstream.example.com"
# when the upstream host is not reachable for a short time when
# nginx is started.
resolver 114.114.114.114;
set $upstream_endpoint http://cache.nixos.org;
'';
locations."@fallback" = {
proxyPass = "$upstream_endpoint";
extraConfig = ''
proxy_cache cachecache;
proxy_cache_valid 200 302 60d;
expires max;
add_header Cache-Control $cache_header always;
'';
};
# We always want to copy cache.nixos.org's nix-cache-info file,
# and ignore our own, because `nix-push` by default generates one
# without `Priority` field, and thus that file by default has priority
# 50 (compared to cache.nixos.org's `Priority: 40`), which will make
# download clients prefer `cache.nixos.org` over our binary cache.
locations."= /nix-cache-info" = {
# Note: This is duplicated with the `@fallback` above,
# would be nicer if we could redirect to the @fallback instead.
proxyPass = "$upstream_endpoint";
extraConfig = ''
proxy_cache cachecache;
proxy_cache_valid 200 302 60d;
expires max;
add_header Cache-Control $cache_header always;
'';
};
};
};
```
- caddy服务端代理
```caddyfile
cache.jcleng.net:80 {
reverse_proxy /* https://cache.nixos.org {
header_up Host cache.nixos.org
header_up X-Real-IP {remote}
header_up X-Forwarded-For {remote}
header_up X-Forwarded-Port {server_port}
header_up X-Forwarded-Proto "http"
}
}
```
- 使用
```shell
sudo nixos-rebuild switch --option substituters http://cache.jcleng.net
```
```nix
nix.binaryCaches = [ "http://cache.jcleng.net" ];
```
code ~/.config/nix/nix.conf
```conf
require-sigs = false
experimental-features = nix-command flakes
substituters = http://cache.jcleng.net https://cache.nixos.org
binary-caches = http://cache.jcleng.net
```