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https://github.com/jubnzv/iec-checker
Static analysis of IEC 61131-3 programs
https://github.com/jubnzv/iec-checker
ics iec61131-3 industrial-automation ocaml plc program-analysis static-analysis structured-text
Last synced: 2 days ago
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Static analysis of IEC 61131-3 programs
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/jubnzv/iec-checker
- Owner: jubnzv
- License: lgpl-3.0
- Created: 2020-01-26T15:01:47.000Z (over 4 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2023-04-02T01:36:29.000Z (over 1 year ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-04-20T08:02:15.175Z (6 months ago)
- Topics: ics, iec61131-3, industrial-automation, ocaml, plc, program-analysis, static-analysis, structured-text
- Language: OCaml
- Homepage:
- Size: 469 KB
- Stars: 58
- Watchers: 7
- Forks: 10
- Open Issues: 6
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE
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README
# IEC Checker
[](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0)
This project aims to implement an open source tool for static code analysis of [IEC 61131-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_61131-3) programs.
## Supported languages
This tool currently supports [Structured Text](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_text) programming language, [PLCOpen XML](https://plcopen.org/technical-activities/xml-exchange) and [SEL XML](https://selinc.com/products/3530/) formats.
It works with extended Structured Text dialect that is completely compatible with [matiec](https://github.com/sm1820/matiec) transpiler.
If you find, that `iec-checker` doesn't work with Structured Text extensions provided by your PLC vendor, please [let me know](https://github.com/jubnzv/iec-checker/issues). This can probably be easily implemented with some tweaks in the parser.
## Features
The following features are currently implemented:
+ [PLCOpen Guidelines](https://plcopen.org/software-construction-guidelines) checks:
- CP1: Access to a member shall be by name
- CP2: All code shall be used in the application
- CP3: All variables shall be initialized before being used
- CP4: Direct addressing should not overlap
- CP6: Avoid external variables in functions, function blocks and classes
- CP8: Floating point comparison shall not be equality or inequality
- CP9: Limit the complexity of POU code
- CP13: POUs shall not call themselves directly or indirectly
- CP25: Data type conversion should be explicit
- CP28: Time and physical measures comparisons shall not be equality or inequality
- L10: Usage of CONTINUE and EXIT instruction should be avoided
- L17: Each IF instruction should have an ELSE clause
- N3: Define the names to avoid
+ Declaration analysis for derived types
+ Intraprocedural control flow analysis: detection of unreachable code blocks inside the [POUs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_61131-3#Program_organization_unit_(POU))
+ Detection of unused variables
+ Ability to integrate with other tools. Checker can dump its IR into a JSON file (`--dump` argument) and produce warnings in JSON format (`--output-format-format json`).
+ Can be extended with plugins written in Python. See demo plugin that plots the control flow graph: [cfg_plotter.py](./src/python/plugins/cfg_plotter.py).
## Installation
You can download the latest binary release for Linux and Windows x86_64 from [GitHub releases](https://github.com/jubnzv/iec-checker/releases).
### Build from sources
#### Linux
Install the latest OCaml compiler and opam. Consider installation instructions at [ocaml.org](https://ocaml.org/docs/install.html) and [opam.ocaml.org](https://opam.ocaml.org/doc/Install.html).
Then install the required dependencies:
```bash
opam install --deps-only . # first time only
```
Build and install the `bin/iec_checker` binary:
```bash
make build
```
#### Windows
Install [OCaml for Windows](https://fdopen.github.io/opam-repository-mingw/) according to the [installation guide](https://fdopen.github.io/opam-repository-mingw/installation/). The graphic installer works well "out of the box".
Then open installed Cygwin shell, clone the repository and use the installation instructions from the "Linux" section.
### Optional: Python scripts and test suite
There is also a convenient [checker.py](./checker.py) script that wraps OCaml binary and provide additional options like extended formatting support and running the Python plugins. The test suite is also written in Python and requires a Python interpreter with some additional packages.
Get [Python 3](https://www.python.org/downloads/) and install dependencies in the [virtual environment](https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html):
```bash
virtualenv venv --python=/usr/bin/python3
source venv/bin/activate
pip3 install -r requirements.txt
pip3 install -r requirements-dev.txt
```
Then run unit tests:
```bash
make test
```
## Usage examples
Check some demo programs written in Structured Text:
```
bin/iec_checker test/st/*.st
```
You can also use `--help` argument to display help.