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https://github.com/klaytn/caver-java

Official caver-java repository
https://github.com/klaytn/caver-java

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Official caver-java repository

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README 

        
[![No Maintenance Intended](http://unmaintained.tech/badge.svg)](http://unmaintained.tech/)



# NO LONGER MAINTAINED



Since the launch of Kaia Blockchain this repository has been parked in favour of the new open-source projects in [Kaia's Github](https://github.com/kaiachain). Contributors have now moved there continuing with massive open-source contributions to our blockchain ecosystem. Please visit the new repository at [kaia/caver-java](https://github.com/kaiachain/caver-java) to continue contributing and to access the latest updates. A big thank you to everyone who has contributed to this repository. For more information about Klaytn's chain merge with Finschia blockchain please refer to the launching of Kaia blockchain - [kaia.io](https://kaia.io/).



---



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# caver-java: Caver Java Klaytn Dapp API



caver-java is a lightweight, high modular, convenient Java and Android library to interact with clients (nodes) on the Klaytn network:

This library is an interface which allows Java applications to easily communicate with [Klaytn](https://www.klaytn.com) network.



## Features

- Complete implementation of Klaytn’s JSON-RPC client API over HTTP and IPC

- Support of Klaytn transaction, account, and account key types

- Auto-generation of Java smart contract wrapper to deploy and execute a smart contract from native Java code

- Creation of a new wallet and managing Klaytn wallets

- Command line tools

- Android compatible



## Getting started



### Installation



#### add a Repository



To install caver-java, you should add a jitpack repository for IPFS feature.



**maven**

```groovy



    

        jitpack.io

        https://jitpack.io

    



```



**gradle**

```groovy

allprojects {

    repositories {

        ...

        maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' }

    }

}

```

#### add a dependency



**maven**

```groovy



    com.klaytn.caver

    core

    X.X.X



```



**gradle**

```groovy

compile 'com.klaytn.caver:core:X.X.X'

```

If you want to use Android dependency, just append -android at the end of version. (e.g. 1.5.4-android)



You can find latest caver-java version at [release page](https://github.com/klaytn/caver-java/releases).



## Start a Client

If you want to run your own EN (Endpoint Node), see [EN Operation Guide](https://docs.klaytn.com/node/en) to set up.



```java

Caver caver = new Caver(Caver.DEFAULT_URL);

```



## Transactions

When you send transactions, `caver-java` provides easy-to-use wrapper classes. 



Here's an example of transferring KLAY using keystore.json and `ValueTransfer` class:

```java

Caver caver = new Caver(Caver.DEFAULT_URL);



//Read keystore json file.

File file = new File("./keystore.json");



//Decrypt keystore.

ObjectMapper objectMapper = ObjectMapperFactory.getObjectMapper();

KeyStore keyStore = objectMapper.readValue(file, KeyStore.class);

AbstractKeyring keyring = KeyringFactory.decrypt(keyStore, "password");



//Add to caver wallet.

caver.wallet.add(keyring);



BigInteger value = new BigInteger(Utils.convertToPeb(BigDecimal.ONE, "KLAY"));



//Create a value transfer transaction

ValueTransfer valueTransfer = new ValueTransfer.Builder()

        .setKlaytnCall(caver.rpc.getKlay())

        .setFrom(keyring.getAddress())

        .setTo("0x8084fed6b1847448c24692470fc3b2ed87f9eb47")

        .setValue(value)

        .setGas(BigInteger.valueOf(25000))

        .build();



//Sign to the transaction

valueTransfer.sign(keyring);



//Send a transaction to the klaytn blockchain platform (Klaytn)

Bytes32 result = caver.rpc.klay.sendRawTransaction(valueTransfer.getRawTransaction()).send();

if(result.hasError()) {

    throw new RuntimeException(result.getError().getMessage());

}



//Check transaction receipt.

TransactionReceiptProcessor transactionReceiptProcessor = new PollingTransactionReceiptProcessor(caver, 1000, 15);

TransactionReceipt.TransactionReceiptData transactionReceipt = transactionReceiptProcessor.waitForTransactionReceipt(result.getResult());

```



If you have address and private key(s) of keyring, you can make keyring directly through [KeyringFactory.create](https://docs.klaytn.com/bapp/sdk/caver-java/getting-started#creating-a-keyring).



`` means a unit of value that is used in Klaytn. It is defined as an enum type. Examples of possible values are as below.



```

PEB, KPEB, MPEB, GPEB, STON, UKLAY, MKLAY, KLAY, KKLAY, MKLAY, GKLAY

```



If `` is not given as a parameter, default unit of `` is `PEB`. You can use `Utils.convertToPeb` or `Utils.convertFromPeb` to easily convert a value to another unit like below.



```java

Utils.convertToPeb("1", KLAY).toBigInteger();  // 1000000000000000000

Utils.convertFromPeb("1000000000000000000", KLAY).toBigInteger();  // 1

```



### Fee Delegation

Klaytn provides [Fee Delegation](https://docs.klaytn.com/klaytn/design/transactions#fee-delegation) feature. Here's an example code.

When you are a sender:



```java

Caver caver = new Caver(Caver.DEFAULT_URL);

SingleKeyring senderKeyring = KeyringFactory.createFromPrivateKey("0x{privateKey}");

caver.wallet.add(senderKeyring);



FeeDelegatedValueTransfer feeDelegatedValueTransfer = new FeeDelegatedValueTransfer.Builder()

        .setKlaytnCall(caver.rpc.klay)

        .setFrom(senderKeyring.getAddress())

        .setTo("0x176ff0344de49c04be577a3512b6991507647f72")

        .setValue(BigInteger.valueOf(1))

        .setGas(BigInteger.valueOf(30000))

        .build();



caver.wallet.sign(senderKeyring.getAddress(), feeDelegatedValueTransfer);

String rlpEncoded = feeDelegatedValueTransfer.getRLPEncoding();

System.out.println(rlpEncoded);

```

After signing a transaction, the sender can get the RLP-encoded string through `feeDelegatedValueTransfer.getRLPEncoding()`.

Then, the sender sends the transaction to the fee payer who will pay for the transaction fee instead.



When you are a fee payer:



```java

Caver caver = new Caver(Caver.DEFAULT_URL);



SingleKeyring feePayerKeyring = KeyringFactory.createFromPrivateKey("0x{privateKey}");

caver.wallet.add(feePayerKeyring);



String rlpEncoded = "0x{RLP-encoded string}"; // The result of feeDelegatedValueTransfer.getRLPEncoding() in above example

FeeDelegatedValueTransfer feeDelegatedValueTransfer = FeeDelegatedValueTransfer.decode(rlpEncoded);

feeDelegatedValueTransfer.setFeePayer(feePayerKeyring.getAddress());



caver.wallet.signAsFeePayer(feePayerKeyring.getAddress(), feeDelegatedValueTransfer);



TransactionReceiptProcessor receiptProcessor = new PollingTransactionReceiptProcessor(caver, 1000, 15);



String rlpEncoded = feeDelegatedValueTransfer.getRLPEncoding();



try {

  // Send the transaction using `caver.rpc.klay.sendRawTransaction`.

  Bytes32 sendResult = caver.rpc.klay.sendRawTransaction(rlpEncoding).send();

  if(sendResult.hasError()) {

    //do something to handle error



  }



  String txHash = sendResult.getResult();

  TransactionReceipt.TransactionReceiptData receiptData = receiptProcessor.waitForTransactionReceipt(txHash);

} catch (IOException | TransactionException e) {

  // do something to handle exception.

}

```

After the fee payer gets the transaction from the sender, the fee payer can sign with `signAsFeePayer`. 

For more information about Klaytn transaction types, visit [Transactions](https://docs.klaytn.com/klaytn/design/transactions).



## Klaytn Accounts

An account in Klaytn is a data structure containing information about a person's balance or a smart contract. If you require further information about Klaytn accounts, you can refer to the [Accounts](https://docs.klaytn.com/klaytn/design/account).



### Account Key

An account key represents the key structure associated with an account.  Each account key has its own unique role. To get more details about the Klaytn account key, please read [Account Key](https://docs.klaytn.com/klaytn/design/account#account-key). These are 6 types of Account Keys in Klaytn:

- AccountKeyNil

- AccountKeyLegacy

- AccountKeyPublic

- AccountKeyFail

- AccountKeyWeightedMultiSig

- AccountKeyRoleBased



If you want to update the key of the given account, follow below steps :



1. Create new private key(s) to use

2. Create a keyring instance using the new private key(s) and the account address to update. 

After the AccountKey has been successfully updated in Klaytn, you can use the Keyring instance created here.

3. To update the AccountKey of Klaytn Account, create an Account instance using the toAccount function.

4. Create an AccountUpdate transaction (AccountUpdate/FeeDelegatedAccountUpdate/FeeDelegatedAccountUpdateWithRatio).

5. Sign the AccountUpdate transaction

6. Send signed transaction through `caver.rpc.klay.sendRawTransaction`



```java

Caver caver = new Caver(Caver.BAOBAB_URL);

SingleKeyring senderKeyring = KeyringFactory.createFromPrivateKey("0x{privateKey}");

caver.wallet.add(senderKeyring);



String newPrivateKey = KeyringFactory.generateSingleKey();

SingleKeyring newKeyring = KeyringFactory.createFromPrivateKey(newPrivateKey);



Account account = newKeyring.toAccount();



AccountUpdate accountUpdate = new AccountUpdate.Builder()

        .setKlaytnCall(caver.rpc.klay)

        .setFrom(senderKeyring.getAddress())

        .setAccount(account)

        .setGas(BigInteger.valueOf(50000))

        .build();



try {

    caver.wallet.sign(senderKeyring.getAddress(), accountUpdate);

    String rlpEncoded = accountUpdate.getRLPEncoding();



    Bytes32 sendResult = caver.rpc.klay.sendRawTransaction(rlpEncoded).send();

    if(sendResult.hasError()) {

        //do something to handle error

    }



    String txHash = sendResult.getResult();



    TransactionReceiptProcessor receiptProcessor = new PollingTransactionReceiptProcessor(caver, 1000, 15);

    TransactionReceipt.TransactionReceiptData receiptData = receiptProcessor.waitForTransactionReceipt(txHash);

} catch (IOException | TransactionException e) {

    // do something to handle exception.

}



senderKeyring = caver.wallet.updateKeyring(newKeyring);

```



## Manage Contracts using Java Smart Contract Wrappers



Caver supports `Contract` class to make it easy to interact with smart contract in Klaytn.

Before generating a wrapper code, you need to compile the smart contract first (Note: This will only work if solidity compiler is installed in your computer).



```shell

$ solc --abi --bin ./test.sol

```



You can create a contract instance as below using the result of compiling the smart contract: 



```java

Caver caver = new Caver(Caver.DEFAULT_URL);

try {

    Contract contract = new Contract(caver, ABI);

    contract.getMethods().forEach((methodName, contractMethod) -> {

        System.out.println("methodName : " + methodName + ", ContractMethod : " + contractMethod);

    });

    System.out.println("ContractAddress : " + contract.getContractAddress());

} catch (IOException e) {

    //handle exception..

}

```



If you want to deploy the smart contract at Baobab testnet, you could do like this:



```java

Caver caver = new Caver(Caver.DEFAULT_URL);

SingleKeyring deployer = KeyringFactory.createFromPrivateKey("0x{private key}");

caver.wallet.add(deployer);

try {

    Contract contract = new Contract(caver, ABI);

    ContractDeployParams params = new ContractDeployParams(byteCode, null);

    SendOptions sendOptions = new SendOptions();

    sendOptions.setFrom(deployer.getAddress());

    sendOptions.setGas(BigInteger.valueOf(40000))

    

    Contract newContract = contract.deploy(params, sendOptions);

    System.out.println("Contract address : " + newContract.getContractAddress());

} catch (IOException | TransactionException | ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException e) {

    //handle exception..

}

```



After the smart contract has been deployed, you can load the smart contract as below:



```java

Caver caver = new Caver(Caver.DEFAULT_URL);

String contractAddress = "0x3466D49256b0982E1f240b64e097FF04f99Ed4b9";

try {

    Contract contract = new Contract(caver, ABI, contractAddress);

    contract.getMethods().forEach((methodName, contractMethod) -> {

        System.out.println("methodName : " + methodName + ", ContractMethod : " + contractMethod);

    });

    System.out.println("ContractAddress : " + contract.getContractAddress());

} catch (IOException e) {

    //handle exception..

}

```



To transact with a smart contract:

```java

Caver caver = new Caver(Caver.DEFAULT_URL);

SingleKeyring executor = KeyringFactory.createFromPrivateKey("0x{private key}");

caver.wallet.add(executor);

try {

    Contract contract = new Contract(caver, ABI, '0x{address in hex}');

    

    SendOptions sendOptions = new SendOptions();

    sendOptions.setFrom(executor.getAddress());

    sendOptions.setGas(BigInteger.valueOf(40000))

    TransactionReceipt.TransactionReceiptData receipt = contract.getMethod("set").send(Arrays.asList("testValue"), sendOptions);

    } catch (IOException | TransactionException | ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException e) {

    //handle exception..

}

```



## Filters

TBD



## Web3j Similarity

We made caver-java as similar as possible to web3j for easy usability.

```java

/* start a client */

Web3j web3 = Web3j.build(new HttpService()); // Web3j

Caver caver = Caver.build(new HttpService()); // caver-java



/* get nonce */

BigInteger nonce = web3j.ethGetTransactionCount(
, ).send().getTransactionCount(); // Web3j

Quantity nonce = caver.klay().getTransactionCount(
, ).send().getValue(); // caver-java



/* convert unit */

Convert.toWei("1.0", Convert.Unit.ETHER).toBigInteger(); // Web3j

Convert.toPeb("1.0", Convert.Unit.KLAY).toBigInteger(); // caver-java

 

/* generate wallet file */

WalletUtils.generateNewWalletFile(, ); // Web3j

KlayWalletUtils.generateNewWalletFile(
, , ); // caver-java



/* load credentials */

Credentials credentials = WalletUtils.loadCrendetials(, "); // Web3j

KlayCredentials credentials = KlayWalletUtils.loadCredentials(, ); // caver-java

                                                      

/* Value Transfer */

TransactionReceipt transactionReceipt = Transfer.sendFunds(...),send(); // Web3j

KlayTransactionReceipt.TransactionReceipt transactionReceipt = ValueTransfer.create(...).sendFunds(...).send(); // caver-java

```



## Command-line Tool

A caver-java fat jar is distributed with open repository. The 'caver-java' allows you to generate Solidity smart contract function wrappers from the command line: 

- Generate Solidity smart contract function wrappers

Installation

```shell

$ brew tap klaytn/klaytn

$ brew install caver-java

```

After installation you can run command 'caver-java'

```shell

$ caver-java solidity generate -b .bin -a .abi -o  -p 

```



## Related projects 

**caver-js** for a javascript



## Build instructions

TBD



## Snapshot dependencies

TBD



## Thanks to

- The [web3j](https://github.com/web3j/web3j) project for the inspiration.  🙂