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https://github.com/kubecost/kubectl-cost

CLI for determining the cost of Kubernetes workloads
https://github.com/kubecost/kubectl-cost

Last synced: 6 days ago
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CLI for determining the cost of Kubernetes workloads

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README 

        
# kubectl-cost



`kubectl-cost` is a [kubectl plugin](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/extend-kubectl/kubectl-plugins/)

that provides easy CLI access to Kubernetes cost information, like historical cost

and predicted future cost, via [Kubecost's APIs](https://docs.kubecost.com/). It

allows developers, devops, and others to quickly determine the cost & efficiency

of any Kubernetes workload.



> Note: If you use [OpenCost](https://github.com/opencost/opencost), most of 

> `kubectl cost` works! See the [OpenCost documentation](https://www.opencost.io/docs/integrations/kubectl-cost)

> for examples. Let us know how it goes, and open an issue if you encounter any

> problems!



‼️ New! Starting with Kubecost v1.100, `kubectl cost` can estimate the cost of undeployed changes! Try it

now with `kubectl cost predict -f your-deployment.yaml`:



```

 OBJECT                        Δ QTY  RESOURCE UNIT   COST PER UNIT     Δ COST/MO  % CHANGE 

────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

 kubecost1 deployment            -92  CPU millicores      0.023 USD     -2.14 USD   -92.00% 

 kubecost1-cost-analyzer                                                                    

                             -172.65  RAM MiB            0.0030 USD     -0.53 USD   -43.38% 

```



Standard CLI Usage



TUI Usage



## Installation



1. Install Kubecost



    This software requires that you have a running deployment of [Kubecost](https://kubecost.com/) in your cluster. The recommend path is to use Helm but there are [alternative install options](https://docs.kubecost.com/install).



    #### Helm 3



    ```

    helm repo add kubecost https://kubecost.github.io/cost-analyzer/

    helm upgrade -i --create-namespace kubecost kubecost/cost-analyzer --namespace kubecost --set kubecostToken="a3ViZWN0bEBrdWJlY29zdC5jb20=xm343yadf98"

    ```



2. Install kubectl cost



    #### Krew

    If you have [Krew](https://krew.sigs.k8s.io/), the `kubectl` plugin manager, installed:

    ``` sh

    kubectl krew install cost

    ```



    The Krew manifest can be found [here](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/krew-index/blob/master/plugins/cost.yaml).



    #### Linux/MacOS



    ``` sh

    os=$(uname | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]') && \

    arch=$(uname -m | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | sed -e s/x86_64/amd64/) && \

    curl -s -L https://github.com/kubecost/kubectl-cost/releases/latest/download/kubectl-cost-$os-$arch.tar.gz | tar xz -C /tmp && \

    chmod +x /tmp/kubectl-cost && \

    sudo mv /tmp/kubectl-cost /usr/local/bin/kubectl-cost

    ```



    #### Latest Release



    If you prefer to download from GitHub, or are on Windows, go to the [releases page](https://github.com/kubecost/kubectl-cost/releases) and download the appropriate binary for your system. Rename it to `kubectl-cost` and put it in your `PATH`.



    As long as the binary is still named `kubectl-cost` and is somewhere in your `PATH`, it will be usable. This is because `kubectl` automatically finds plugins by looking for executables prefixed with `kubectl-` in your `PATH`.



   Alternatively, you can view [DEVELOPMENT.md](DEVELOPMENT.md) if you would like to build from source.



## Usage



There are several subcommands that focused on aggregation-based cost monitoring:

`namespace`, `deployment`, `controller`, `label`, `pod`, and `node`. They display

cost information aggregated by the name of the subcommand (see Examples). Each

aggregation subcommand has two modes: rate and non-rate. Rate (the default) displays

the projected monthly cost based on the activity during the window. Non-rate

(`--historical`) displays the total cost for the duration of the window.



Starting with v1.100 installations of Kubecost, `kubectl cost predict` is

available. It uses historical resource cost information in your cluster to

predict the cost implications of undeployed changes. It currently supports

Pod, Deployment, and StatefulSet workloads, with more support on the way. It

accepts YAML-formatted data either in a file (`-f your-file.yaml`) or from

STDIN (`-f -`).



There is also `kubectl cost tui`, which displays a TUI and is currently limited to

monthly rate projections. It supports most of the above subcommands while in an

experimental status.



See the built-in usage info with `--help` to learn more about specific flags

available for each subcommand.



#### Examples

Show the projected monthly rate for each namespace

with all cost components displayed.

``` sh

kubectl cost namespace --show-all-resources

```

Example output:

```

+-------------------+-----------+----------+----------+-------------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+--------------------+

| NAMESPACE         | CPU       | CPU EFF. | MEMORY   | MEMORY EFF. | GPU      | PV       | NETWORK  | SHARED COST | MONTHLY RATE (ALL) |

+-------------------+-----------+----------+----------+-------------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+--------------------+

| kube-system       | 29.366083 | 0.066780 | 5.226317 | 0.928257    | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 137.142857  |         171.735257 |

| kubecost-stage    | 6.602761  | 0.158069 | 1.824703 | 1.594699    | 0.000000 | 2.569600 | 0.000000 | 137.142857  |         148.139922 |

| kubecost          | 6.499445  | 0.116629 | 1.442334 | 1.461370    | 0.000000 | 2.569600 | 0.000000 | 137.142857  |         147.654236 |

| default           | 3.929377  | 0.000457 | 0.237937 | 0.283941    | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 137.142857  |         141.310171 |

| logging           | 0.770976  | 0.003419 | 0.645843 | 0.260154    | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 137.142857  |         138.559676 |

| frontend-services | 0.710425  | 0.003660 | 0.595008 | 0.244802    | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 137.142857  |         138.448290 |

| data-science      | 0.000284  | 2.000000 | 0.009500 | 2.000000    | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 137.142857  |         137.152641 |

+-------------------+-----------+----------+----------+-------------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+--------------------+

| SUMMED            | 47.879350 |          | 9.981644 |             | 0.000000 | 5.139200 | 0.000000 | 960.000000  |        1023.000194 |

+-------------------+-----------+----------+----------+-------------+----------+----------+----------+-------------+--------------------+

```



Predict the cost impact of a YAML spec based on its requests:

``` sh

read -r -d '' DEF << EndOfMessage

apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

  name: nginx-deployment

  namespace: default

  labels:

    app: nginx

spec:

  replicas: 3

  selector:

    matchLabels:

      app: nginx

  template:

    metadata:

      labels:

        app: nginx

    spec:

      containers:

      - name: nginx

        image: nginx:1.14.2

        resources:

          requests:

            cpu: "3"

            memory: "2Gi"

EndOfMessage

echo "$DEF" | kubectl cost predict -f -

```

Example output:

```

 OBJECT                      Δ QTY  RESOURCE UNIT  COST PER UNIT    Δ COST/MO  % CHANGE 

────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

 default deployment             +9  CPU cores          23.27 USD  +209.47 USD           

 nginx-deployment                                                                       

                                +6  RAM GiB             3.12 USD   +18.72 USD           

                                                                                        

────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

 TOTAL MONTHLY COST CHANGE                                        +228.18 USD           

```



Show how much each namespace cost over the past 5 days

with additional CPU and memory cost and without efficiency.

``` sh

kubectl cost namespace \

  --historical \

  --window 5d \

  --show-cpu \

  --show-memory \

  --show-efficiency=false

```



Predict the cost of the Deployment defined in k8s-deployment.yaml.

``` sh

kubectl cost predict -f 'k8s-deployment.yaml' \

  --show-cost-per-resource-hr

```



Show the projected monthly rate for each controller

based on the last 5 days of activity with PV (persistent

volume) cost breakdown.

``` sh

kubectl cost controller --window 5d --show-pv

```



Show costs over the past 5 days broken down by the value

of the `app` label:

``` sh

kubectl cost label --historical -l app

```



Show the projected monthly rate for each deployment

based on the last month of activity with CPU, memory,

GPU, PV, and network cost breakdown.

``` sh

kubectl cost deployment --window month -A

```



Show the projected monthly rate for each deployment

in the `kubecost` namespace based on the last 3 days

of activity with CPU cost breakdown.

``` sh

kubectl cost deployment \

  --window 3d \

  --show-cpu \

  -n kubecost

```



The same, but with a non-standard Kubecost deployment

in the namespace `kubecost-staging` with the cost

analyzer service called `kubecost-staging-cost-analyzer`.

``` sh

kubectl cost deployment \

  --window 3d \

  --show-cpu \

  -n kubecost \

  -N kubecost-staging \

  --service-name kubecost-staging-cost-analyzer

```



Show how much each pod in the "kube-system" namespace

cost yesterday, including CPU-specific cost.

``` sh

kubectl cost pod \

  --historical \

  --window yesterday \

  --show-cpu \

  -n kube-system

```



Alternatively, kubectl cost can show cost by the asset type.

To view node cost with breakdowns of RAM and CPU cost for a 

window of 7 days.

``` sh

kubectl cost node \

  --historical \

  --window 7d \

  --show-cpu \

  --show-memory

```



Which yields an output with this format:

```

+-------------+---------------------------------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+

| CLUSTER     | NAME                                        | CPU COST      | RAM COST     | TOTAL COST    |

+-------------+---------------------------------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+

| cluster-one | gke-test-cluster-default-pool-d6266c7c-dqms |      4.128570 |     2.128920 |      6.257491 |

|             | gke-test-cluster-pool-1-9bb98ef8-3w6g       |      4.128570 |     2.128920 |      6.257491 |

|             | gke-test-cluster-pool-1-9bb98ef8-cf3j       |      4.128570 |     2.128924 |      6.257495 |

|             | gke-test-cluster-pool-1-9bb98ef8-kdsf       |      4.128570 |     2.128924 |      6.257495 |

+-------------+---------------------------------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+

| SUMMED      |                                             | USD 16.514280 | USD 8.515688 | USD 25.029972 |

+-------------+---------------------------------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+

```



#### Flags

See `kubectl cost [subcommand] --help` for the full set of flags. Each

subcommand has its own set of flags for adjusting query behavior and output.



There are several flags that modify the behavior of queries to the backing

Kubecost/OpenCost APIs:

```

    -r, --release-name string         The name of the Helm release, used to template service names if they are unset. For example, if Kubecost is installed with 'helm install kubecost2 kubecost/cost-analyzer', then this should be set to 'kubecost2'. (default "kubecost")

    --service-name string             The name of the Kubecost cost analyzer service. By default, it is derived from the Helm release name and should not need to be overridden.

    --service-port int                The port of the service at which the APIs are running. If using OpenCost, you may want to set this to 9003. (default 9090)

    -N, --kubecost-namespace string   The namespace that Kubecost is deployed in. Requests to the API will be directed to this namespace. Defaults to the Helm release name.

    --use-proxy                       Instead of temporarily port-forwarding, proxy a request to Kubecost through the Kubernetes API server.



    --allocation-path string          URL path at which Allocation queries can be served from the configured service. If using OpenCost, you may want to set this to '/allocation/compute' (default "/model/allocation")



    --predict-speccost-path string    URL path at which Prediction queries can be served from the configured service. (default "/model/prediction/speccost")

    --no-usage                        Set true ignore historical usage data (if any exists) when performing cost prediction.

    --opencost                        Set true to configure Kubecost parameters according to the OpenCost default specification. It is equivalent to providing the options '--service-port 9003 --service-name opencost --kubecost-namespace opencost --allocation-path /allocation/compute'

    --only-after                      Set true to only show the overall predicted cost of the workload.

    --only-diff                       Set true to only show the cost difference (cost "impact") instead of the overall cost plus diff. (default true)

```



`kubectl cost` has to interact with the Kubernetes API server. It tries to use your existing kubeconfig. These flags are common to `kubectl` and allow you to customize this behavior:

``` sh

      --as string                      Username to impersonate for the operation

      --as-group stringArray           Group to impersonate for the operation, this flag can be repeated to specify multiple groups.

      --cache-dir string               Default cache directory (default "/home/delta/.kube/cache")

      --certificate-authority string   Path to a cert file for the certificate authority

      --client-certificate string      Path to a client certificate file for TLS

      --client-key string              Path to a client key file for TLS

      --cluster string                 The name of the kubeconfig cluster to use

      --context string                 The name of the kubeconfig context to use

  -h, --help                           help for cost

      --insecure-skip-tls-verify       If true, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure

      --kubeconfig string              Path to the kubeconfig file to use for CLI requests.

      --request-timeout string         The length of time to wait before giving up on a single server request. Non-zero values should contain a corresponding time unit (e.g. 1s, 2m, 3h). A value of zero means don't timeout requests. (default "0")

  -s, --server string                  The address and port of the Kubernetes API server

      --tls-server-name string         Server name to use for server certificate validation. If it is not provided, the hostname used to contact the server is used

      --token string                   Bearer token for authentication to the API server

      --user string                    The name of the kubeconfig user to use

```



## If something breaks



`kubectl cost` logs some of its behavior at the `debug` log level. If something isn't working as you'd expect, try setting `--log-level debug` before opening a bug report.



## Implementation Quirks



In order to provide a seamless experience for standard Kubernetes

configurations, `kubectl-cost` temporarily forwards a port on your system to a

Kubecost pod and uses that port to proxy requests. The port will only be bound

to `localhost` and will only be open for the duration of the `kubectl cost` run.

Due to Linux default conventions, the port may appear as held for a little while

after the run (see TCP's `TIME_WAIT`).



If you don't want a port to be temporarily forwarded, there is legacy behavior

exposed with the flag `--use-proxy` or using environment

`KUBECTL_COST_USE_PROXY` that will instead use the Kubernetes API server to

proxy requests to Kubecost. This behavior has its own pitfalls, especially with

security policies that would prevent the API server from communicating with

services. If you'd like to test this behavior, to make sure it will work with

your cluster:



``` sh

kubectl proxy --port 8080

```



``` sh

curl -G 'http://localhost:8080/api/v1/namespaces/kubecost/services/kubecost-cost-analyzer:tcp-model/proxy/getConfigs'

```



> If you are running an old version of Kubecost, you may have to replace `tcp-model` with `model`



If that `curl` succeeds, `--use-proxy` flag in CLI or setting up environment variable `KUBECTL_COST_USE_PROXY` should work for you.



Otherwise:

- There may be an underlying problem with your Kubecost install, try `kubectl port-forward`ing the `kubecost-cost-analyzer` service, port 9090, and querying [one of our APIs](https://docs.kubecost.com/apis/apis-overview).

- Your problem could be a security configuration that is preventing the API server communicating with certain namespaces or proxying requests in general.

- If you're still having problems, hit us up on Slack (see below) or open an issue on this repo.



## Requirements

A cluster running Kubernetes version 1.8 or higher



Have questions? Join our [Slack community](https://join.slack.com/t/kubecost/shared_invite/enQtNTA2MjQ1NDUyODE5LWFjYzIzNWE4MDkzMmUyZGU4NjkwMzMyMjIyM2E0NGNmYjExZjBiNjk1YzY5ZDI0ZTNhZDg4NjlkMGRkYzFlZTU) or contact us via email at [[email protected]]([email protected])!