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https://github.com/lingggao/software-testing-basics

下方是我的个人软件测试学习笔记，为了整理与校对这些笔记，我花费了很长时间，毕竟 “追求完美” 是每一位软件测试工程师都应当具备的基本态度。笔记中的图片绝大多数由我本人亲自绘制，我希望这些笔记可以为 “以软件测试工作为职业路径” 的朋友们提供一些学习方面的帮助。
https://github.com/lingggao/software-testing-basics

software software-testing

Last synced: 15 days ago
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下方是我的个人软件测试学习笔记，为了整理与校对这些笔记，我花费了很长时间，毕竟 “追求完美” 是每一位软件测试工程师都应当具备的基本态度。笔记中的图片绝大多数由我本人亲自绘制，我希望这些笔记可以为 “以软件测试工作为职业路径” 的朋友们提供一些学习方面的帮助。

Host: GitHub
URL: https://github.com/lingggao/software-testing-basics
Owner: Lingggao
License: cc0-1.0
Created: 2020-03-25T08:11:52.000Z (almost 5 years ago)
Default Branch: master
Last Pushed: 2020-06-24T06:23:03.000Z (over 4 years ago)
Last Synced: 2024-11-25T20:18:00.384Z (3 months ago)
Topics: software, software-testing
Homepage: https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/profile/4e1113c0-eb29-4e90-9782-f1931bae8489
Size: 2.76 MB
Stars: 142
Watchers: 2
Forks: 17
Open Issues: 0
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- License: LICENSE

Awesome Lists containing this project

README

# 软件测试基础学习笔记

各位计算机领域的工作者们、各位朋友们，大家好！我是**微软 Windows 预览体验成员 (Microsoft Windows Insider)** Ling Gao，在参与 Windows 10 系统测试工作的 2 年多时间中，我共计提交了 500 余个软件缺陷报告与建议，并且多次荣登全球 Windows Insider 排行榜前 10 名，为 Microsoft Windows 系统的蓬勃发展做出了一些微小的贡献。

下方是我的**个人软件测试学习笔记**，为了整理与校对这些笔记，我花费了很长时间，毕竟 **“追求完美”** 是每一位软件测试工程师都应当具备的基本态度。笔记中的所有图片全部由我本人自行绘制，我希望这些笔记可以为 **“以软件测试工作为职业路径”** 的朋友们提供一些学习方面的帮助。

在此，我衷心感谢中国河北师范大学**李晓鹏教师**与中国科学院**曹红杏硕士**的言传身教，感谢各位朋友们的支持。

> 作者 - **Ling Gao ([高楷修](https://answers.microsoft.com/zh-hans/profile/4e1113c0-eb29-4e90-9782-f1931bae8489))**
> 师承 - **XiaoPeng Li ([李晓鹏](http://software.hebtu.edu.cn/a/2013/03/20/1494554962365.html)) | HongXing Cao ([曹红杏](http://www.scholat.com/caohx))**
> 学校 - **HNIST_SISE ([湖南理工学院](http://www.hnist.cn/) [信息科学与工程学院](http://sice.hnist.cn/))**
> 许可证 - **[Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/LICENSE)**

# 目录

### 新手村

- [**§ 1.1 - 软件测试发展史**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_1_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2.md#-11---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2)
- [一、软件测试行业发展历程](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_1_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2.md#%E4%B8%80%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%9A%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8E%86%E7%A8%8B)
- [二、中国软件测试发展历程（截止至 2013 年）](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_1_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2.md#%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8E%86%E7%A8%8B%E6%88%AA%E6%AD%A2%E8%87%B3-2013-%E5%B9%B4)
- [三、软件测试人才](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_1_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2.md#%E4%B8%89%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E4%BA%BA%E6%89%8D)
- [四、软件测试晋升路线](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_1_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2.md#%E5%9B%9B%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%99%8B%E5%8D%87%E8%B7%AF%E7%BA%BF)
- [五、测试团队组织结构](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_1_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2.md#%E4%BA%94%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%9B%A2%E9%98%9F%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84)
- [**§ 1.2 - 软件测试的定义、目的、对象与分类**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_2_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E3%80%81%E7%9B%AE%E7%9A%84%E3%80%81%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1%E4%B8%8E%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB.md#-12---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E7%9B%AE%E7%9A%84%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1%E4%B8%8E%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB)
- [一、定义](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_2_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E3%80%81%E7%9B%AE%E7%9A%84%E3%80%81%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1%E4%B8%8E%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB.md#%E4%B8%80%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89)
- [二、目的](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_2_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E3%80%81%E7%9B%AE%E7%9A%84%E3%80%81%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1%E4%B8%8E%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB.md#%E4%BA%8C%E7%9B%AE%E7%9A%84)
- [三、对象](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_2_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E3%80%81%E7%9B%AE%E7%9A%84%E3%80%81%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1%E4%B8%8E%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB.md#%E4%B8%89%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1)
- [四、分类](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_2_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E3%80%81%E7%9B%AE%E7%9A%84%E3%80%81%E5%AF%B9%E8%B1%A1%E4%B8%8E%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB.md#%E5%9B%9B%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB)
- [**§ 1.3 - 软件测试环境**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_3_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83.md#-13---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83)
- [一、软件测试流程](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_3_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83.md#%E4%B8%80%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B)
- [二、测试环境概述](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_3_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83.md#%E4%BA%8C%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E6%A6%82%E8%BF%B0)
- [三、测试环境搭建原则](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_3_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83.md#%E4%B8%89%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%99)
- [**§ 1.4 - 软件测试的时间、信息流程与周期性**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_4_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E3%80%81%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E6%80%A7.md#-14---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E6%80%A7)
- [一、软件生命周期](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_4_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E3%80%81%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E6%80%A7.md#%E4%B8%80%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F)
- [二、软件测试时间](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_4_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E3%80%81%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E6%80%A7.md#%E4%BA%8C%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4)
- [三、测试信息流程](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_4_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E3%80%81%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E6%80%A7.md#%E4%B8%89%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B)
- [四、软件测试周期性](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_4_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E3%80%81%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E6%80%A7.md#%E5%9B%9B%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E6%80%A7)
- [**§ 1.5 - 软件测试的停止依据**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_5_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E4%BE%9D%E6%8D%AE.md#-15---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E4%BE%9D%E6%8D%AE)
- [一、推荐依据](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_5_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E4%BE%9D%E6%8D%AE.md#%E4%B8%80%E6%8E%A8%E8%8D%90%E4%BE%9D%E6%8D%AE)
- [二、推荐标准](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_5_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E4%BE%9D%E6%8D%AE.md#%E4%BA%8C%E6%8E%A8%E8%8D%90%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86)
- [**§ 1.6 - 软件测试的原则**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_6_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%99.md#-16---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%99)
- [一、基本原则](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_6_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%99.md#%E4%B8%80%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%99)
- [二、补充原则](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_6_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%99.md#%E4%BA%8C%E8%A1%A5%E5%85%85%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%99)
- [**§ 1.7 - 软件的开发与测试模型**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%B8%8E%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B.md#-17---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%B8%8E%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B)
- [一、软件项目开发过程分解图](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%B8%8E%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B.md#%E4%B8%80%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%E5%88%86%E8%A7%A3%E5%9B%BE)
- [二、软件项目成员与角色](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%B8%8E%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B.md#%E4%BA%8C%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E6%88%90%E5%91%98%E4%B8%8E%E8%A7%92%E8%89%B2)
- [三、软件开发模型](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%B8%8E%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B.md#%E4%B8%89%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B)
- [四、软件测试模型](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%B8%8E%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B.md#%E5%9B%9B%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B)
- [**§ 1.8 - 软件质量的概念、范围与标准**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_8_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5%E3%80%81%E8%8C%83%E5%9B%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86.md#-18---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5%E8%8C%83%E5%9B%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86)
- [一、概念](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_8_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5%E3%80%81%E8%8C%83%E5%9B%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86.md#%E4%B8%80%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5)
- [二、范围](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_8_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5%E3%80%81%E8%8C%83%E5%9B%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86.md#%E4%BA%8C%E8%8C%83%E5%9B%B4)
- [三、标准](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_8_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5%E3%80%81%E8%8C%83%E5%9B%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86.md#%E4%B8%89%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86)
- [四、产品质量标准模型](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_8_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5%E3%80%81%E8%8C%83%E5%9B%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86.md#%E5%9B%9B%E4%BA%A7%E5%93%81%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B)
- [**§ 1.9 - 过程质量标准模型**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_9_%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B.md#-19---%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B)
- [一、CMM 模型](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_9_%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B.md#%E4%B8%80cmm-%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B)
- [二、ISO 9000 标准](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_9_%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B.md#%E4%BA%8Ciso-9000-%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86)
- [三、SQA 简介](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_9_%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B.md#%E4%B8%89sqa-%E7%AE%80%E4%BB%8B)
- [**§ 1.10 - 测试的流程与计划**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_10_%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92.md#-110---%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92)
- [一、软件测试流程](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_10_%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92.md#%E4%B8%80%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B)
- [二、流程详解](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_10_%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92.md#%E4%BA%8C%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3)
- [三、软件测试计划](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E7%AB%A0/1_10_%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%8E%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92.md#%E4%B8%89%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92)

### 主线任务

- [**§ 2.1 - 软件测试环境的备份与恢复**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_1_%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%87%E4%BB%BD%E4%B8%8E%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8D.md#-21---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%87%E4%BB%BD%E4%B8%8E%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8D)
- [一、备份](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_1_%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%87%E4%BB%BD%E4%B8%8E%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8D.md#%E4%B8%80%E5%A4%87%E4%BB%BD)
- [二、恢复](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_1_%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%87%E4%BB%BD%E4%B8%8E%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8D.md#%E4%BA%8C%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8D)
- [**§ 2.2 - 软件测试的策略**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_2_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5.md#-22---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5)
- [一、软件测试工作的难度](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_2_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5.md#%E4%B8%80%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E7%9A%84%E9%9A%BE%E5%BA%A6)
- [二、软件测试策略](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_2_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5.md#%E4%BA%8C%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5)
- [**§ 2.3 - 软件测试的方法**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_3_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95.md#-23---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95)
- [一、静态测试与动态测试](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_3_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95.md#%E4%B8%80%E9%9D%99%E6%80%81%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E4%B8%8E%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%81%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95)
- [二、白盒测试与黑盒测试](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_3_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95.md#%E4%BA%8C%E7%99%BD%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E4%B8%8E%E9%BB%91%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95)
- [三、手工测试与自动化测试](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_3_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95.md#%E4%B8%89%E6%89%8B%E5%B7%A5%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E4%B8%8E%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95)
- [**§ 2.4 - 软件测试用例详解**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_4_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%94%A8%E4%BE%8B%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#-24---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%94%A8%E4%BE%8B%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3)
- [一、概念](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_4_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%94%A8%E4%BE%8B%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%80%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5)
- [二、内容与格式](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_4_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%94%A8%E4%BE%8B%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%BA%8C%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9%E4%B8%8E%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F)
- [三、更新与维护](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_4_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E7%94%A8%E4%BE%8B%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%89%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%8E%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4)
- [**§ 2.5 - 黑盒测试技术详解**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_5_%E9%BB%91%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#-25---%E9%BB%91%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3)
- [一、黑盒测试技术的常用方法](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_5_%E9%BB%91%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%80%E9%BB%91%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%9A%84%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95)
- [二、等价类划分法](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_5_%E9%BB%91%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%BA%8C%E7%AD%89%E4%BB%B7%E7%B1%BB%E5%88%92%E5%88%86%E6%B3%95)
- [三、边界值划分法](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_5_%E9%BB%91%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%89%E8%BE%B9%E7%95%8C%E5%80%BC%E5%88%92%E5%88%86%E6%B3%95)
- [四、错误推测法](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_5_%E9%BB%91%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E5%9B%9B%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E6%8E%A8%E6%B5%8B%E6%B3%95)
- [五、控件的黑盒测试方法](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_5_%E9%BB%91%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%BA%94%E6%8E%A7%E4%BB%B6%E7%9A%84%E9%BB%91%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95)
- [**§ 2.6 - 白盒测试技术详解**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_6_%E7%99%BD%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#-26---%E7%99%BD%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3)
- [一、概念](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_6_%E7%99%BD%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%80%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5)
- [二、逻辑驱动覆盖测试](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_6_%E7%99%BD%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%BA%8C%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E8%A6%86%E7%9B%96%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95)
- [三、测试题](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_6_%E7%99%BD%E7%9B%92%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%89%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E9%A2%98)
- [**§ 2.7 - 软件缺陷详解**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#-27---%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3)
- [一、概念](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%80%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5)
- [二、软件缺陷的产生原因](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%BA%8C%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%A7%E7%94%9F%E5%8E%9F%E5%9B%A0)
- [三、软件缺陷的严重性与优先级](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%89%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%A5%E9%87%8D%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%8E%E4%BC%98%E5%85%88%E7%BA%A7)
- [四、软件缺陷的生命周期](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E5%9B%9B%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E7%9A%84%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F)
- [五、软件缺陷报告的编写](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%BA%94%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A%E7%9A%84%E7%BC%96%E5%86%99)
- [六、示例](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E7%AB%A0/2_7_%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E5%85%AD%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B)

### 支线任务

- [**§ 3.1 - 单元测试详解**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_1_%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#-31---%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3)
- [一、概念](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_1_%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%80%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5)
- [二、测试内容](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_1_%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%BA%8C%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9)
- [三、辅助测试模块](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_1_%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%89%E8%BE%85%E5%8A%A9%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E6%A8%A1%E5%9D%97)
- [**§ 3.2 - 集成测试详解**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_2_%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#-32---%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3)
- [一、概念](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_2_%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%80%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5)
- [二、测试内容](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_2_%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%BA%8C%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9)
- [三、测试形式](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_2_%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%89%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F)
- [**§ 3.3 - 系统测试详解 - [整理中]**](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_3_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#-33---%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3)
- [一、概念](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_3_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%80%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5)
- [二、功能测试](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_3_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%BA%8C%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95)
- [三、兼容性测试](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_3_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%B8%89%E5%85%BC%E5%AE%B9%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95)
- [四、界面测试](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_3_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E5%9B%9B%E7%95%8C%E9%9D%A2%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95)
- [五、易用性测试](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_3_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E4%BA%94%E6%98%93%E7%94%A8%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95)
- [六、性能测试](https://github.com/Lingggao/Software-Testing-Basics/blob/master/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0/3_3_%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3.md#%E5%85%AD%E6%80%A7%E8%83%BD%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95)

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