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https://github.com/m-l56/self-hosting-with-ionos
Automated deployment of an apache web server, with vagrant + ansible. With URL shortener and status display
https://github.com/m-l56/self-hosting-with-ionos
ansible apache-exporter apache2 bash grafana php prometheus vagrant
Last synced: 19 days ago
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Automated deployment of an apache web server, with vagrant + ansible. With URL shortener and status display
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/m-l56/self-hosting-with-ionos
- Owner: M-L56
- Created: 2024-11-06T18:38:16.000Z (about 2 months ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2024-12-12T18:50:31.000Z (19 days ago)
- Last Synced: 2024-12-12T19:39:34.429Z (19 days ago)
- Topics: ansible, apache-exporter, apache2, bash, grafana, php, prometheus, vagrant
- Language: CSS
- Homepage:
- Size: 765 KB
- Stars: 0
- Watchers: 1
- Forks: 0
- Open Issues: 0
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
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README
# Self hosting with IONOS
First, we need a domain from Ionos to carry out this practice. We will create a virtual machine to serve as our server and provision it with Apache2. Then, we will bind our domain to the server's IP using a bash script that will run every time the VM starts. Once created our website, we will create various web pages with different functions.
In my case I will practice by using two types of provisioning, first with vagrant and then with ansible. This I do because in Windows ansible does not work very well due to compatibility.
## Opening ports
Inside our router we need to open ports 80 and 443.
## Virtual machine creation using Vagrant
We will create a virtual machine, which will be our server.
### 1. Creation of the server machine
We will create a machine in debian/bookworm64:
```ruby
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "debian/bookworm64"
end
```
### 2. Define the server machine
We give a static IP to our server, and configure port forwarding for http and https. At first I make insecure my machine to test that is working.
```ruby
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
config.vm.box = "debian/bookworm64"
config.vm.define "server" do |server|
server.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.57.10"
server.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
server.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 443, host: 8443
end
end
```
## IONOS DynDNS
We have to go to this web page [IONOS DNS](https://developer.hosting.ionos.es/docs/dns), and we have to click on Authorize, inside we enter our public and private keys that Ionos gave us before, in this way: `public.private`.
We go down the page until we reach the section of DynDns, in which we clic on Post.
Later we clic on try it out, and we change the default parameters with our own domain. And we will obtain this curl, so we need to create a little program with this script.
>This command makes an HTTP POST request to the Ionos DynDNS API in order to configure or update a dynamic DNS service for the specified domains.
We will have to make the api key be stored in a file . env and that is in .gitignore, so that in our sript we collect from this site the api key so that no one who looks at our repository has access to our ionos.
>Inside .env
>```bash
>API_KEY="your_api_key"
>```
Create the script with bash
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Load the file variables .env
source .env
# Make the request with curl
curl -X 'POST' \
'https://api.hosting.ionos.com/dns/v1/dyndns' \
-H 'accept: application/json' \
-H "X-API-Key: $API_KEY" \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-d '{
"domains": [
"fondomarcador.com",
"www.fondomarcador.com"
],
"description": "My DynamicDns"
}'
```
### Provisioning by vagrant
In the provision of Vagrantfile we need to initialize the server, for this we introduce these two lines:
>The a2ensite command is used to enable a site configuration file on the Apache web server.
```ruby
server.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
sudo a2ensite fondomarcador.conf
systemctl restart apache2
SHELL
```
Once created our script, we must pass it to our machine and with the command crontab, which is running every five minutes, this will help us so that there are no problems with the ip.
```ruby
server.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
mkdir -p /home/vagrant/scripts
cp /vagrant/scripts/DynDNS.sh /home/vagrant/scripts
chmod +x /home/vagrant/scripts/DynDNS.sh
(crontab -l 2>/dev/null; echo "*/5 * * * * /home/vagrant/scripts/DynDNS.sh") | crontab -
SHELL
```
### Provisioning by ansible
## Certification for our domain with Lets Encrypt
In my case, I’m going to certify my domain with [lets encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/)
### Provisioning by vagrant
In our Vagrantfile provision we will install certbot with apache2 dependencies.
```ruby
server.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache -y
SHELL
```
The following command obtains and configures a Let’s Encrypt SSL certificate for the fondomarcador.com domain, automatically enabling HTTPS in Apache and redirecting HTTP traffic to HTTPS.
```ruby
server.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache -y
sudo certbot --apache --non-interactive --agree-tos --email [email protected] -d fondomarcador.com
SHELL
```
## Configuring Apache2
### Provisioning by vagrant
Has a provisioning with vagrant, where we will install and configure Apache2.
```ruby
server.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
apt-get update
apt-get -y install apache2
SHELL
```
#### - apache2.conf
Copy apache2.conf from the machine.
> Inside the machine
>```bash
>cp /etc/apache2/apache2.conf /vagrant/
>```
In the provision of Vagrantfile we need to copy this file inside its path. This will be important later, but now we dont change it.
This file is inside our folder called apache2 where we will put the apache configuration files and pages.
```ruby
server.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
apt-get update
apt-get -y install apache2
cp -v /vagrant/apache2/apache2.conf /etc/apache2
SHELL
```
#### - fondomarcador.conf
We need to define a Virtual Host in Apache.
>Virtual Hosts allow the Apache web server to host multiple websites or applications on the same machine, differentiating them by their domain name, port, or IP address.
This is a simple configuration on port 80 of the server, later we will include an index.html, webpages and more.
```apacheconf
ServerAdmin [email protected]
ServerName fondomarcador.com
```
In our Vagrantfile we need to provision with the Virtual Host configuration inside `/etc/apache2/sites-available`.
> When you use a2ensite, Apache creates a symlink in sites-enabled, pointing to the file in sites-available. This makes the site active without having to duplicate configurations or modify the file structure.
```ruby
server.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
apt-get update
apt-get -y install apache2
cp -v /vagrant/apache2/apache2.conf /etc/apache2
cp -v /vagrant/apache2/fondomarcador.conf /etc/apache2/sites-available
SHELL
```