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https://github.com/marcinbojko/hv-packer

Hyper-V Generation 2 Packer Templates for Windows 2019/2022, AlmaLinux 8.x/AlmaLinux 9.x/RockyLinux 8.x/9.x/OracleLinux 8.x/9.x Ubuntu 20.04/Ubuntu 22.04/Ubuntu 24.04
https://github.com/marcinbojko/hv-packer
almalinux centos hyper-v linux oracle oracle-linux packer powershell rockylinux ubuntu vagrant windows
Last synced: 7 days ago
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Hyper-V Generation 2 Packer Templates for Windows 2019/2022, AlmaLinux 8.x/AlmaLinux 9.x/RockyLinux 8.x/9.x/OracleLinux 8.x/9.x Ubuntu 20.04/Ubuntu 22.04/Ubuntu 24.04
Host: GitHub
URL: https://github.com/marcinbojko/hv-packer
Owner: marcinbojko
Created: 2017-11-11T17:28:38.000Z (about 7 years ago)
Default Branch: master
Last Pushed: 2024-06-03T11:20:53.000Z (8 months ago)
Last Synced: 2024-12-31T17:11:40.071Z (14 days ago)
Topics: almalinux, centos, hyper-v, linux, oracle, oracle-linux, packer, powershell, rockylinux, ubuntu, vagrant, windows
Language: PowerShell
Homepage:
Size: 4.35 MB
Stars: 192
Watchers: 16
Forks: 75
Open Issues: 0
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
- Changelog: CHANGELOG.md
Awesome Lists containing this project

jimsghstars - marcinbojko/hv-packer - Hyper-V Generation 2 Packer Templates for Windows 2019/2022, AlmaLinux 8.x/AlmaLinux 9.x/RockyLinux 8.x/9.x/OracleLinux 8.x/9.x Ubuntu 20.04/Ubuntu 22.04/Ubuntu 24.04 (PowerShell)
README

        # Set of Hashicorp's `Packer's` templates to create Microsoft Hyper-V virtual machines

![RockyLinux](https://img.shields.io/badge/Linux-Rocky-brightgreen)

![OracleLinux](https://img.shields.io/badge/Linux-Oracle-brightgreen)

![AlmaLinux](https://img.shields.io/badge/Linux-Alma-brightgreen)

![UbuntuLinux](https://img.shields.io/badge/Linux-Ubuntu-orange)

![Windows2019](https://img.shields.io/badge/Windows-2019-blue)

![Windows2022](https://img.shields.io/badge/Windows-2022-blue)

[!["Buy Me A Coffee"](https://www.buymeacoffee.com/assets/img/custom_images/orange_img.png)](https://www.buymeacoffee.com/marcinbojko)

Consider buying me a coffee if you like my work. All donations are appreciated. All donations will be used to pay for pipeline running costs

- [Set of Hashicorp's Packer's templates to create Microsoft Hyper-V virtual machines](#set-of-hashicorps-packers-templates-to-create-microsoft-hyper-v-virtual-machines)

  - [Requirements](#requirements)

  - [Requirements - Quick Start](#requirements---quick-start)

    - [Install packer from Chocolatey](#install-packer-from-chocolatey)

    - [Install required plugins](#install-required-plugins)

    - [Use account with Administrator privileges for Hyper-V](#use-account-with-administrator-privileges-for-hyper-v)

    - [Add firewal exclusions for TCP ports 8000-9000 default range](#add-firewal-exclusions-for-tcp-ports-8000-9000-default-range)

    - [Adjust Hyper-V settings](#adjust-hyper-v-settings)

    - [Default passwords](#default-passwords)

  - [Scripts](#scripts)

    - [Windows Machines](#windows-machines)

    - [Linux Machines](#linux-machines)

      - [Ansible Playbooks CentOS/AlmaLinux/RockyLinux/OracleLinux](#ansible-playbooks-centosalmalinuxrockylinuxoraclelinux)

  - [Usage](#usage)

    - [hv_generic.ps1 parameters](#hv_genericps1-parameters)

    - [Building Microsoft Windows](#building-microsoft-windows)

      - [Building iso files needed for provisioning](#building-iso-files-needed-for-provisioning)

      - [Examples for Windows](#examples-for-windows)

    - [Building AlmaLinux Machines](#building-almalinux-machines)

      - [Examples for AlmaLinux](#examples-for-almalinux)

    - [Building RockyLinux Machines](#building-rockylinux-machines)

      - [Examples for RockyLinux](#examples-for-rockylinux)

    - [Building OracleLinux Machines](#building-oraclelinux-machines)

      - [Examples for OracleLinux](#examples-for-oraclelinux)

    - [Building Ubuntu Machines](#building-ubuntu-machines)

      - [Examples for Ubuntu](#examples-for-ubuntu)

  - [Known issues](#known-issues)

    - [I have general problem not covered here](#i-have-general-problem-not-covered-here)

    - [I'd like to contribute](#id-like-to-contribute)

    - [Infamous UEFI/Secure boot WIndows implementation](#infamous-uefisecure-boot-windows-implementation)

    - [~~On Windows Server 2019/Windows 10 1809 image boots to fast for packer to react~~](#on-windows-server-2019windows-10-1809-image-boots-to-fast-for-packer-to-react)

    - [~~When Hyper-V host has more than one interface Packer sets {{ .HTTPIP }} variable to inproper interface~~](#when-hyper-v-host-has-more-than-one-interface-packer-sets--httpip--variable-to-inproper-interface)

    - [~~Packer version 1.3.0/1.3.1 have bug with windows-restart provisioner~~](#packer-version-130131-have-bug-with-windows-restart-provisioner)

    - [Packer won't run until VirtualSwitch is created as shared](#packer-wont-run-until-virtualswitch-is-created-as-shared)

    - [I have problem how to find a proper WIM  name in Windows ISO to pick proper version](#i-have-problem-how-to-find-a-proper-wim--name-in-windows-iso-to-pick-proper-version)

    - [On Windows machines, build break during updates phase, when update cycles are interfering with each other](#on-windows-machines-build-break-during-updates-phase-when-update-cycles-are-interfering-with-each-other)

    - [Why don't you use ansible instead of shell scripts for provisioning](#why-dont-you-use-ansible-instead-of-shell-scripts-for-provisioning)

  - [Support me](#support-me)

  - [About](#about)

## Requirements

- packer >=`1.10.0`. Do not use packer below 1.7.0 version. For previous packer versions use previous releases from this repository

- Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2016/2019 or Microsoft Windows Server 2016/2019 (not 2012/R2) with Hyper-V role installed as host to build your images

- firewall exceptions for `packer` http server (look down below)

- [OPTIONAL] Vagrant >= `2.3.4` - for `vagrant` version of scripts. Boxes (prebuilt) are already available here: [https://app.vagrantup.com/marcinbojko](https://app.vagrantup.com/marcinbojko)

- be aware, for 2016 - VMs are in version 8.0, for 2019 - VMs are in version 9.0. There is no way to reuse higher version in previous operating system. If you need v8.0 - build and use only VHDX.

- properly constructed virtual switch in Hyper-v allowing virtual machine to get IP from DHCP and contact Hyper-V server on mentioned packer ports. This is a must, if kickstart is reachable over the network.

## Requirements - Quick Start

### Install packer from Chocolatey

```cmd

choco install packer --version=1.10.0 -y

```

### Install required plugins

In root folder of a repository

```cmd

packer init --upgrade config.pkr.hcl

```

### Use account with Administrator privileges for Hyper-V

### Add firewal exclusions for TCP ports 8000-9000 (default range)

```powershell

Remove-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "Packer_http_server" -Verbose

New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "Packer_http_server" -Direction Inbound -Action Allow -Protocol TCP -LocalPort 8000-9000

```

### Adjust Hyper-V settings

To adjust to your Hyper-V, please check variables below and/or in ./variables files

- (variable `vlan_id` in /variables/variables.*.pkvars.hcl) - proper VLAN ID . Look up to find your build server vEthernet setings.

- (variable `switch_name` in /variables/variables.*.pkvars.hcl) - proper Hyper-V Virtual Switch name (access to Internet will be required). Make sure you're using pre-existing switch in your Hyper-V server - creation of new switch by packer, instead of reusing existing one can cause lack of Internet access, thus failing the build.

```yaml

# example of mentioned variables

vlan_id = ""

switch_name = "vSwitch"

```

### Default passwords

|OS|username|password|

|--|--------|--------|

|Windows|Administrator|password|

|CentOS/RHEL|root|password|

|Ubuntu|ubuntu|password|

## Scripts

### Windows Machines

- all available updates will be applied (3 passes)

- latest version of chocolatey

- packages from a list below:

  |Package|Version|Mandatory/Optional|

  |-------|-------|------------------|

  |dotnetfx|latest|Mandatory|

  |sysinternals|latest|Mandatory|

  |tabby|latest|Optional|

### Linux Machines

- Repositories:

  |Repository|Package|switch|default|

  |----------|------------|---|---|

  |Epel 7/8/9|epel-release|can be switched off by setting "install_epel" to `false`|true|

  |Webmin |webmin|can be switched on by setting "install_webmin" to `false`|false|

  |Cockpit |cockpit|can be switched on by setting "install_zabbix" to `true`|true|

  |Hyper-V |SCVMM Agent|can be switched off by setting "install_hyperv" to `false`|true|

  |Neofetch  |neofetch|can be switched off by setting "install_neofetch" to `false`|true|

  Be aware, turning off latest System Center Virtual Machine Agent will cause System Center fail to deploy machines

#### Ansible Playbooks (CentOS/AlmaLinux/RockyLinux/OracleLinux)

During deployment ansible-base and ansible are installed in operating system. After deployment ends, these packages are removed.

Playbooks are held in `/extra/playbooks` folder, with proper OS variables.

- adjust `./variables/*.yml` files to achieve override for ansible

```yaml

install_epel:                  true  # install Epel

install_webmin:                true  # install Webmin

install_hyperv:                true  # install Hyper-v and scvmm agent

install_cockpit:               false # install Cockpit

install_docker_workaround:     true  # add `fsck.repair=yes` to grub

install_neofetch:              true  # install neofetch

install_updates:               true  # install updates

install_extra_groups:          true  # install extra groups

docker_prepare:                false # prepare extra volumen for docker

extra_device:                  ""    # prepare mkfs and mount extra block device for docker

install_motd:                  true  # install motd (neofetch run)

```

## Usage

Building machines is realised through a dedicated script `hv_generic.ps1` with proper parameters.

### `hv_generic.ps1` parameters

### Building Microsoft Windows

#### Building iso files needed for provisioning

For Generation 2 prepare `secondary.iso` with folder structure:

```example

- ./extra/files/windows/2022/std/Autounattend.xml     => /Autounattend.xml

- ./extra/scripts/hyper-v/bootstrap.ps1            => /bootstrap.ps1

```

This template uses this image name in Autounattendes.xml. If youre using different ISO you'll have to adjust that part in proper file and rebuild `secondary.iso` image.

```xml

    

        /IMAGE/NAME 

        Windows Server 2022 SERVERSTANDARD

    

```

|Action|Version|Template|Log|OS|

|-------|-------|--------|---|-|

|`build`|windows_server_2019_std|windows|0/1|Microsoft Server 2019 Standard|

|`build`|windows_server_2019_dc|windows|0/1|Microsoft Server 2019 Datacenter|

|`build`|windows_server_2022_std|windows|0/1|Microsoft Server 2022 Standard|

|`build`|windows_server_2022_dc|windows|0/1|Microsoft Server 2022 Datacenter|

#### Examples for Windows

```powershell

Example for Windows 2019 Standard

```powershell

./hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version windows_server_2019_std -Template windows -Log 0

```

Example for Windows 2019 Datacenter

```powershell

./hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version windows_server_2019_dc -Template windows -Log 0

```

Example for Windows 2022 Standard

```powershell

./hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version windows_server_2022_std -Template windows -Log 0

```

Example for Windows 2022 Datacenter

```powershell

./hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version windows_server_2022_dc -Template windows -Log 0

```

### Building AlmaLinux Machines

|Action|Version|Template|Log|OS|

|-------|-------|--------|---|-|

|`build`|almalinux-8.9|rhel|0/1|Alma Linux 8.9|

|`build`|almalinux-9.4|rhel|0/1|Alma Linux 9.4|

#### Examples for AlmaLinux

```powershell

.\hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version almalinux-8.9 -Template rhel -Log 0

.\hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version almalinux-9.4 -Template rhel -Log 0

```

### Building RockyLinux Machines

|Action|Version|Template|Log|OS|

|-------|-------|--------|---|-|

|`build`|rockylinux-8.9|rhel|0/1|Rocky Linux 8.9|

|`build`|rockyinux-9.4|rhel|0/1|Rocky Linux 9.4|

#### Examples for RockyLinux

```powershell

.\hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version rockylinux-8.9 -Template rhel -Log 0

.\hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version rockylinux-9.4 -Template rhel -Log 0

```

### Building OracleLinux Machines

|Action|Version|Template|Log|OS|

|-------|-------|--------|---|-|

|`build`|oraclelinux-8.9|rhel|0/1|Oracle Linux 8.9|

|`build`|oraclelinux-9.4|rhel|0/1|Oracle Linux 9.4|

#### Examples for OracleLinux

```powershell

.\hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version oraclelinux-8.9 -Template rhel -Log 0

.\hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version oraclelinux-9.4 -Template rhel -Log 0

```

### Building Ubuntu Machines

|Action|Version|Template|Log|OS|

|-------|-------|--------|---|-|

|`build`|ubuntu-20.04|ubuntu|0/1|Ubuntu 20.04|

|`build`|ubuntu-22.04|ubuntu|0/1|Ubuntu 22.04|

|`build`|ubuntu-24.04|ubuntu|0/1|Ubuntu 24.04|

#### Examples for Ubuntu

```powershell

.\hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version ubuntu-20.04 -Template ubuntu -Log 0

.\hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version ubuntu-22.04 -Template ubuntu -Log 0

.\hv_generic.ps1 -Action build -Version ubuntu-24.04 -Template ubuntu -Log 0

```

## Known issues

### I have general problem not covered here

Please create an issue in github. There is slim chance I'll find the time to be your personal helpdesk ;)

### I'd like to contribute

Sure. If I can ask - create your PR in smaller sizes, this is repo used for my work, so smaller changes - bigger chances to succeed.

### Infamous UEFI/Secure boot WIndows implementation

During the deployment secure keys are stored in `*.vmcx` file and are separated from `*.vhdx` file. To countermeasure it - there is added extra step in a form of (`/usr/local/bin/uefi.sh`) script that will check for existence of CentOS folder in EFI and will add extra entry in UEFI.

In manual setup you can run it as a part of your deploy. In SCVMM deployment I'd recommend using `RunOnce` feature.

### ~~On Windows Server 2019/Windows 10 1809 image boots to fast for packer to react~~

[https://github.com/hashicorp/packer/issues/7278#issuecomment-468492880](https://github.com/hashicorp/packer/issues/7278#issuecomment-468492880)

Fixed in version 1.4.4.  Do not use previous versions

### ~~When Hyper-V host has more than one interface Packer sets {{ .HTTPIP }} variable to inproper interface~~

Fixed in version 1.4.4. Do not use lower versions

~~No resolution so far, template needs to be changed to pass real IP address, or there should be connection between these addresses. Limiting these, end with timeout errors.**~~

### ~~Packer version 1.3.0/1.3.1 have bug with `windows-restart` provisioner~~

[https://github.com/hashicorp/packer/issues/6733](https://github.com/hashicorp/packer/issues/6733)

### Packer won't run until VirtualSwitch is created as shared

[https://github.com/hashicorp/packer/issues/5023](https://github.com/hashicorp/packer/issues/5023)

Will be fixed in 1.4.x revision

### I have problem how to find a proper WIM  name in Windows ISO to pick proper version

You can use number. If you have 4 images on the list of choice - use `ImageIndex` with proper `Value`

```xml

    

        

            

                /IMAGE/INDEX 

                2

            

        

        

            0

            2

        

    

```

### On Windows machines, build break during updates phase, when update cycles are interfering with each other

Increase variable  `update_timeout` in `./variables/*.json` file - this will create longer pauses between stages, allowing cycles to complete before jumping to another one.

### Why don't you use ansible instead of shell scripts for provisioning

I wish. In short - Windows. These builds should be done with minimum effort (Hyper-V role is enough). Building custom ansible station with lots of checks right now fails in my tryouts.

## Support me

[!["Buy Me A Coffee"](https://www.buymeacoffee.com/assets/img/custom_images/orange_img.png)](https://www.buymeacoffee.com/marcinbojko)

Consider buying me a coffee if you like my work. All donations are appreciated. All donations will be used to pay for pipeline running costs

## About

- Marcin Bojko - marcin(at)bojko.com.pl

- [https://marcinbojko.dev/](https://marcinbojko.dev/)

Work based on [https://github.com/jacqinthebox/packer-templates.git](https://github.com/jacqinthebox/packer-templates.git)