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https://github.com/maxpoletaev/django-micro

Django as a microframework
https://github.com/maxpoletaev/django-micro

django microframework python

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Django as a microframework

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README 

        
============

Django Micro

============



.. image::

    https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/django-micro.svg

    :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/django-micro



.. image::

    https://img.shields.io/badge/status-stable-brightgreen.svg



Django Micro is lightweight wrapper around Django that turns it to the microframework for writing small applications in a single file.



**tl;dr:** See the example_ of full-featured application.



What works

==========



- `Configuration`_

- `Views and routes`_

- `Models and migrations`_

- `Management commands`_

- `Custom template tags`_

- `Testing`_

- `Admin interface`_

- Third party apps



Installation

============



.. code-block::



    $ pip install django-micro



Quick start

===========



Create ``app.py`` file with following content.



.. code-block:: python



    from django_micro import configure, route, run

    from django.http import HttpResponse



    DEBUG = True

    configure(locals())



    @route('', name='homepage')

    def homepage(request):

        name = request.GET.get('name', 'World')

        return HttpResponse('Hello, {}!'.format(name))



    application = run()



Run the application.



.. code-block::



    $ python app.py runserver



**Note:** Parent directory of the ``app.py`` file must have a valid python module name. Under the hood, Micro adds that directory to ``INSTALLED_APPS`` and uses it as a regular Django application.



Compatibility

=============



The latest relase of django-micro supports only the latest stable release of Django. This is the only way to keep codebase of django-micro clean, without hacks for different versions of Django.



- **Django version:** >=2.1

- **Python version:** >=3.4



Run and deployment

==================



On the localhost the application runs with the built-in ``runserver`` command and deploys as a standard WSGI application.



.. code-block::



    $ python app.py runserver

    $ gunicorn example.app --bind localhost:8000

    $ uwsgi --module example.app --http localhost:8000



This behaviour is provided by the single string: ``application = run()`` which actually just a shortcut for the following code.



.. code-block:: python



    if __name__ == '__main__':

        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line

        execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

    else:

        from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

        application = get_wsgi_application()



Configuration

=============



The call of the ``configure`` function must be placed at the top of your application above the definition of views, models, and imports of other modules. It may violate PEP8, but this is the only way to make it works. You can’t define models or import models from another application until Django is configured.



I recommend to define all the configuration in the global namespace and call ``configure`` with ``locals()`` argument. Don’t worry, configure takes only *UPPERCASE* variables.



.. code-block:: python



    from django_micro import configure



    DEBUG = True



    configure(locals())



Views and routes

================



Routing is wrapped in a single function ``route``. You can use it as a decorator.



.. code-block:: python



    from django_micro import route



    @route('blog//', name='year_archive')

    def year_archive(request, year):

        return HttpResponse('hello')



Or as a regular function.



.. code-block:: python



    def year_archive(request):

        return HttpResponse('hello')



    route('blog//', year_archive, name='year_archive')



Also ``route`` may be used with class-based views.



.. code-block:: python



    @route('blog//', name='year_archive')

    class YearArchiveView(View):

        def get(request, year):

            return HttpResponse('hello')



    # or directly

    route('blog//', YearArchiveView.as_view(), name='year_archive')



Micro uses the new simplified routing syntax which was introduced in Django 2.0. But if you’d like to use the regex-based routing syntax, just add ``regex=True`` to the decorator.



.. code-block:: python



    @route(r'^articles/(?P[0-9]{4})/$', regex=True)

    def year_archive(request, year):

        return HttpResponse('hello')



You always can access the ``urlpatterns`` for the use low-level API.



.. code-block:: python



    from django.urls import path

    import django_micro as micro



    micro.urlpatterns += [

        path('', homepage, name='homepage'),

    ]



**Note:** You can include third-party apps into Micro’s ``urlpatterns``, but currently can’t use Micro as a third-party app. Micro is a singleton, and you can’t create more that one instance of it.



Models and migrations

=====================



Micro works well with models and migrations. Just define model in your ``app.py`` file. If you need migrations, create ``migrations`` directory next to the ``app.py`` and call ``python app.py makemigrations``.



.. code-block::



    blog

    ├── __init__.py

    ├── app.py

    └── migrations

        ├── __init__.py

        └── 0001_initial.py



.. code-block:: python



    from django.db import models



    class Post(models.Model):

        title = models.CharField(max_length=255)



        class Meta:

            app_label = 'blog'



**Note:** You always need to set ``app_label`` attribute in ``Meta`` of your models. For example, if application placed in ``blog/app.py``, app_label should be ``blog``.



For getting ``app_label`` you can use ``get_app_label`` shortcut.



.. code-block:: python



    from django_micro import get_app_label



    class Meta:

        app_label = get_app_label()



You also can place models separately in ``models.py`` file. In this case ``app_label`` is not required, but this is not a micro-way ;)



Management commands

===================



Now you can create any management command without creating a file in ``yourapp/management/commands``. Just defne command class in your ``app.py`` and wrap it to ``@command`` decorator.



.. code-block:: python



    from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand

    from django_micro import command



    @command('print_hello')

    class PrintHelloCommand(BaseCommand):

        def handle(self, *args, **options):

            self.stdout.write('Hello, Django!')



You also can create function-based commands.



.. code-block:: python



    from django_micro import command



    @command

    def print_hello(cmd, **options):

        cmd.stdout.write('Hello, Django!')



Unfortunately, the ``command`` decorator uses a few dirty hacks for command registration. But everything works fine if you don’t think about it ;)



Custom template tags

====================



Use ``template`` for register template tags. It works same as a ``register`` object in tag library file.



.. code-block:: python



    from django_micro import template



    @template.simple_tag

    def print_hello(name):

        return 'Hello, {}!'



    @template.filter

    def remove_spaces(value):

        return value.replace(' ', '')



You don’t need to use the ``load`` tag. All template tags are global.



Testing

=======



No magick. Use built-in test cases.



.. code-block:: python



    from django.test import TestCase



    class TestIndexView(TestCase):

        def test_success(self):

            response = self.client.get('/')

            self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)



To run tests which defined in app.py use the following command:



.. code-block::



    $ python app.py test __main__



Admin interface

===============



Django-admin requires lots of dependencies in apps and middlewares. We’ve realized that it’s not a simple way to add a huge list of apps to your config just to use the admin interface. So we added a shortcut ``django_admin=True`` to the ``configure`` function that automatically includes all the needed dependencies.



.. code-block:: python



    from django.contrib import admin

    from django_micro import configure



    configure(locals(), django_admin=True)



    class Post(models.Model):

        title = models.CharField(max_length=255)

        content = models.TextField(blank=True)

        create_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)



        class Meta:

            app_label = get_app_label()

            ordering = ('-create_date',)



    @admin.register(Post)

    class PostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

        pass



    route('admin/', admin.site.urls)



Credits

=======



Django Micro is based on ideas from the following projects:



- https://softwaremaniacs.org/blog/2011/01/07/django-micro-framework/en/

- https://github.com/apendleton/djmicro

- https://github.com/amitu/importd