https://github.com/mbdanielcrespo/printf
This project is a recreation of the printf function, a commonly used output function in C.
https://github.com/mbdanielcrespo/printf
42school c-programming educational-project format-specifiers hexadecimal makefile pointers printf recursion
Last synced: 12 months ago
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This project is a recreation of the printf function, a commonly used output function in C.
- Host: GitHub
- URL: https://github.com/mbdanielcrespo/printf
- Owner: mbdanielcrespo
- Created: 2023-04-25T19:45:14.000Z (about 3 years ago)
- Default Branch: master
- Last Pushed: 2025-04-16T12:04:11.000Z (about 1 year ago)
- Last Synced: 2025-05-21T08:19:01.980Z (about 1 year ago)
- Topics: 42school, c-programming, educational-project, format-specifiers, hexadecimal, makefile, pointers, printf, recursion
- Language: C
- Homepage:
- Size: 364 KB
- Stars: 0
- Watchers: 1
- Forks: 0
- Open Issues: 0
-
Metadata Files:
- Readme: README.md
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README
# 🖨️ ft_printf
## 📝 Introduction
**ft_printf** is a 42 School project that involves recoding the famous C library function `printf()`. This project is an opportunity to discover variadic functions and improve code organization through a complex task.
> "By reimplementing printf, you'll learn about handling multiple types of arguments, string formatting, and precise memory management."
The primary goal is to create a function that mimics the behavior of the standard printf function, handling various format specifiers and conversion options.
## 🎯 Project Objectives
- Implement a function that formats and prints data to stdout
- Handle variable arguments in C
- Process multiple format specifiers
- Develop a robust string parsing mechanism
- Apply proper memory management techniques
## 📋 Function Prototype
```c
int ft_printf(const char *format, ...);
```
## ✅ Implemented Format Specifiers
| Specifier | Description | Example |
|-----------|-------------|---------|
| **%c** | Single character | `ft_printf("%c", 'X')` → `X` |
| **%s** | String of characters | `ft_printf("%s", "hello")` → `hello` |
| **%p** | Pointer address in hexadecimal | `ft_printf("%p", ptr)` → `0x7ffeeb9a52e0` |
| **%d** | Decimal (base 10) integer | `ft_printf("%d", 42)` → `42` |
| **%i** | Integer in base 10 | `ft_printf("%i", 42)` → `42` |
| **%u** | Unsigned decimal integer | `ft_printf("%u", 42)` → `42` |
| **%x** | Hexadecimal (base 16) lowercase | `ft_printf("%x", 42)` → `2a` |
| **%X** | Hexadecimal (base 16) uppercase | `ft_printf("%X", 42)` → `2A` |
| **%%** | Percent sign | `ft_printf("%%")` → `%` |
## 🧩 Project Structure
The project consists of three main files:
```
ft_printf/
├── Makefile
├── ft_printf.c # Main implementation with helper functions
├── ft_printf_ptr.c # Functions for handling pointer printing
└── ft_printf.h # Header with prototypes and hex strings
```
## 🛠️ Code Explanation
### **ft_printf.h**
This header file includes:
- Function prototypes for all functions in the project
- Hexadecimal string definitions for lowercase and uppercase
- Standard library includes (`unistd.h`, `stdarg.h`)
- Custom `libft.h` library include
### **ft_printf_ptr.c**
Contains specialized functions for handling pointer arguments:
| Function | Description |
|----------|-------------|
| **ft_write_ptr** | Recursively writes a pointer's hexadecimal representation |
| **ft_print_ptr** | Manages pointer output formatting - prints "(nil)" for NULL or "0x" prefix followed by address |
### **ft_printf.c**
Contains the main function and helper functions:
| Function | Description |
|----------|-------------|
| **ft_print_hex** | Converts and prints unsigned integer in hexadecimal (lowercase or uppercase) |
| **ft_print_unsigned** | Handles printing of unsigned integers |
| **ft_is_format** | Analyzes format specifier and routes to appropriate handler function |
| **ft_printf** | Main function that parses format string and processes variable arguments |
## 🧠 Skills Developed
- Working with variadic functions in C
- Advanced string parsing and formatting
- Type conversion and handling
- Code organization in a modular structure
- Recursive implementation techniques
- Memory efficiency in string handling
---
### 📊 Project Stats
| Metric | Value |
|--------|-------|
| Final Score | 100/100 |
| Format Specifiers | 9 |
| Files | 3 |
| Dependencies | libft |
