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https://github.com/mhaggis/notes

Full of public notes and Utilities
https://github.com/mhaggis/notes

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Full of public notes and Utilities

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# Mining The Shadows with ZoidbergStrike: A Scanner for Cobalt Strike - SANS Threat Hunting Summit



## Cobalt Strike Notes and Resources



- Pipes: https://gist.github.com/MHaggis/a725aed9800bca40904822b8c89ed269

- Spawnto: https://gist.github.com/MHaggis/dc1f1c2ebbe884bb27065479321b06b8 

- Compile_Time: https://gist.github.com/MHaggis/d81454df71b3ffc58145a8bb3ca9623e

- DNS Idle: https://gist.github.com/MHaggis/e848699e8481fae48eae4524cf0085e1

- Latest profile list: https://gist.github.com/MHaggis/921a4a47de1adab7eec938b4597f0be3

- Prior profile list: https://gist.github.com/MHaggis/6c600e524045a6d49c35291a21e10752



## Attack Data

- https://github.com/splunk/attack_data/blob/master/datasets/attack_techniques/T1055/cobalt_strike/cobalt_strike.yml

- https://github.com/splunk/attack_data/blob/master/datasets/attack_techniques/T1572/cobalt_strike/cobalt_strike.yml 



## Resources

- [@MichalKoczwara](https://twitter.com/MichalKoczwara)

- [Cobalt Strike Indicators | IronNet Threat Research](https://github.com/IronNetCybersecurity/IronNetTR/tree/main/cobalt_strike)

- [Awesome CobaltStrike Defence | Michael Koczwara](https://github.com/MichaelKoczwara/Awesome-CobaltStrike-Defence)

- [Pointer - Hunting and mapping Cobalt Strike](https://github.com/shabarkin/pointer)

- [Conti Leaks usage](https://twitter.com/M_haggis/status/1424780941059235851?s=20)

- [Keynote: Cobalt Strike Threat Hunting | Chad Tilbury](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=borfuQGrB8g)

- https://github.com/shabarkin/pointer

- [Cobalt Strike Profiles | Zsec](https://blog.zsec.uk/cobalt-strike-profiles/)

- [Malleable C2 Help | Cobalt Strike](https://cobaltstrike.com/help-malleable-c2)

- [Guide to Named Pipes and Hunting for Cobalt Strike Pipes | svch0st](https://svch0st.medium.com/guide-to-named-pipes-and-hunting-for-cobalt-strike-pipes-dc46b2c5f575)

- [Cobalt Strike Defenders Guide | The DFIR Report](https://thedfirreport.com/2021/08/29/cobalt-strike-a-defenders-guide/)

- [Learn pipe fitting for all of your offense projects | Cobalt Strike](https://blog.cobaltstrike.com/2021/02/09/learn-pipe-fitting-for-all-of-your-offense-projects/)

- [Malleable C2 | ThreatExpress](https://github.com/threatexpress/malleable-c2)

- [Detecting Cobalt Strike Default Modules via Named Pipe Analysis | F-Secure](https://labs.f-secure.com/blog/detecting-cobalt-strike-default-modules-via-named-pipe-analysis/)

- https://twitter.com/cyb3rops/status/1417434947779022863

- [Knock, Knock, Neo. - Active C2 Discovery Using Protocol Emulation | @cci_forensics Takahiro Haruyama](https://jsac.jpcert.or.jp/archive/2021/pdf/JSAC2021_201_haruyama_jp.pdf)



## System32 Baselining 

- [System32 Binaries | Red Canary](https://redcanary.com/blog/system32-binaries)



```

 $system32 = Get-ChildItem -Path C:\windows\System32\ -Include '*.exe' -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |



 % {



             [PSCustomObject] @{

                 file_name = $_.name

                 file_path = $_.FullName

                 InternalName = $_.VersionInfo.InternalName

                 fileDescription = $_.VersionInfo.FileDescription

             }

 }



 $system32 | Export-Csv -Path ~\Desktop\data.csv

 ```

 

 

 

  To see the objects, I just ran: 

 $system32 | format-list

 

 example output



 ```

 ...

file_name       : UsoClient.exe

file_path       : C:\windows\System32\UsoClient.exe

InternalName    : UsoClient

fileDescription : UsoClient

Product         :

...

```



## UAC Elevate

The following are all auto-elevate binaries in System32 that could potentially be used to host a UAC bypass.



Get-ExecutableManifest is in the NtObjectManager PowerShell module.



`Install-Module -Name NtObjectManager`



The following PowerShell code was used to obtain these files:



```ls C:\Windows\System32\*.exe | Get-ExecutableManifest | ? { $_.AutoElevate -and ($_.ExecutionLevel -eq 'requireAdministrator') }```



If any of these require GUI interaction, then they are unlikely to be abused in the wild.



Additional references:

- https://gist.github.com/Hackscode/0fc0dc46e2e3d1253535e79ffd0d0f26

- https://gist.github.com/dezhub/c0fee68d1e06657a45ec39365362fca7



## Git Search



```

from github import Github



ACCESS_TOKEN = 'TOKEN HERE'



g = Github(ACCESS_TOKEN)



def search_github(keyword):

    rate_limit = g.get_rate_limit()

    rate = rate_limit.search

    if rate.remaining == 0:

        print(f'You have 0/{rate.limit} API calls remaining. Reset time: {rate.reset}')

        return

    else:

        print(f'You have {rate.remaining}/{rate.limit} API calls remaining')



    query = f'"{keyword}" in:file'

    result = g.search_code(query, order='desc')



    max_size = 100

    print(f'Found {result.totalCount} file(s)')

    if result.totalCount > max_size:

        result = result[:max_size]



    for file in result:

        print(f'{file.download_url}')



if __name__ == '__main__':

    keyword = input('Enter keyword[spawnto_x86, spawnto_x64, pipename, dns_idle]: ')

    search_github(keyword)

```



I use PowerShell to download the the files:



```

gc results.txt | % {iwr $_ -outf $(split-path $_ -leaf)}

```



Simple grep



```

$csprofiles=~\Desktop\profiles\*.profile

 Get-ChildItem -Path $csprofiles -Recurse | Select-String -Pattern 'set uri' -CaseSensitive | sort |  Get-Unique

```